IELTS Reading Yes No Not Given: muallif fikrini topish

Yes No Not Given savolida statementni matndagi faktlar bilan emas, muallifning fikri yoki da’vosi bilan solishtirasiz. Muallif statementga qo‘shilsa Yes, qarshi fikr bildirsa No, bu haqda o‘z fikrini aytmasa Not Given yozasiz. Eng katta tuzoq: matnda boshqa odamlarning fikri ham keltiriladi va uni muallifniki deb qabul qilish oson.

Quyidagi matnlar mashq uchun yozilgan, ular rasmiy IELTS materiali emas.

True False Not Given’dan farqi

IELTS’ning rasmiy Reading formatida bu tur identifying writer’s views/claims deb ataladi. U ko‘pincha dalil keltiradigan, bahs yuritadigan matnlarda uchraydi. Faktlar bilan ishlaydigan turni True False Not Given sahifasida ko‘rib chiqqanmiz.

Muallif fikrini ko‘rsatadigan iboralar

Muallif o‘z qarashini ko‘pincha quyidagi iboralar bilan bildiradi. Ularni o‘qiyotganda tagiga chizing.

Boshqa odamlarning fikrini ko‘rsatuvchi iboralar esa boshqacha: some critics argue, it is often claimed, many people believe, supporters say. Ulardan keyin kelgan fikr muallifniki emas. Muallif shu fikrga qanday munosabat bildirganini keyingi gapdan qidiring.

Tahlil qilingan misol: universitetlarda ingliz tilida ta’lim

Bu mavzu O‘zbekistondagi oliy ta’lim uchun ham tanish: ko‘p universitetlar ingliz tilida o‘qitiladigan dasturlarni ko‘paytirmoqda.

Matn A (mashq uchun yozilgan):

It has become fashionable for universities to announce that more of their courses will be taught in English. The motives are understandable: graduates who can read research in English have access to far more of it, and international students bring both income and new perspectives. Yet I am not convinced that switching the language of instruction is the best way to achieve these goals. A student who struggles to follow a lecture in a second language may learn less about the subject itself, and this cost is rarely discussed. It would be wiser, in my view, to invest first in strong academic English courses and let students choose English-medium programmes once they are ready. Some critics go further and argue that teaching in English threatens national languages. I think this fear is exaggerated; a language used at home, in the media and in government is unlikely to disappear because some engineering lectures are delivered in English. What does worry me is the quality of teaching. Lecturers are often asked to teach in English without any extra preparation, and it is unfair to expect them to do so.

Statementlar 1–6. YES, NO yoki NOT GIVEN deb yozing.

• 1. Wider access to research is a reasonable argument for teaching in English.
• 2. Teaching in English is the most effective way for universities to reach their international goals.
• 3. Students usually understand subject content better when it is taught in English.
• 4. Universities should make academic English courses compulsory for all students.
• 5. English-medium teaching is a serious danger to national languages.
• 6. Lecturers who teach in English are paid too little.

Tahlil:

• 1 — YES. The motives are understandable va darhol tadqiqotlarga kirish imkoniyati sabab sifatida keltiriladi. Muallif bu dalilni o‘rinli deb biladi.
• 2 — NO. I am not convinced that switching the language of instruction is the best way. Muallif ochiq qo‘shilmaydi.
• 3 — NO. May learn less about the subject itself. Muallif fikricha, ikkinchi tilda o‘qish mazmunni tushunishni kamaytirishi mumkin. Statement buning aksini aytadi.
• 4 — NOT GIVEN. Muallif avval akademik ingliz tili kurslariga sarmoya kiritishni taklif qiladi. Lekin bu kurslar hamma uchun majburiy bo‘lsinmi, u aytmaydi. Compulsory for all qismi tuzoq.
• 5 — NO. Bu fikr some critics ga tegishli. Muallif darhol I think this fear is exaggerated deydi, ya’ni qo‘shilmaydi. Tanqidchilarning gapi matnda bor, deb Yes yozish eng ko‘p uchraydigan xato.
• 6 — NOT GIVEN. Muallif o‘qituvchilarni tayyorgarliksiz dars berishga majburlash adolatsiz deydi. Maosh haqida hech narsa yo‘q.

Nega o‘zbek o‘quvchilar bu turda adashadi

• “Matnda bor” va “muallif shunday o‘ylaydi”ni aralashtirish. 5-statement shuning namunasi. Har bir fikr yoniga kichik harf qo‘ying: M (muallif) yoki B (boshqalar).
• Ehtiyotkor ifodani qat’iy da’vo deb o‘qish. May learn less “kamroq o‘rganadi” emas, “kamroq o‘rganishi mumkin”. Statement always yoki certainly desa, ehtiyotkor muallif bilan to‘liq mos kelmasligi mumkin.
• O‘z fikrini qo‘shish. Siz ingliz tilida o‘qitishni qo‘llab-quvvatlashingiz yoki qarshi bo‘lishingiz mumkin. Savol sizning fikringizni emas, muallifnikini so‘raydi.
• “Yet”, “however”ni o‘tkazib yuborish. Muallif ko‘pincha avval qarshi tomonni tan oladi, keyin yet bilan o‘z pozitsiyasini aytadi. 1 va 2-statementlar shu tuzilishga qurilgan: birinchisi Yes, ikkinchisi No.

Mashq: tarixiy shaharlarda turizm

Buxoro yoki Xiva markazida sayyohlar ko‘payishi bilan eski uylar mehmonxona va do‘konlarga aylanmoqda. Quyidagi matn shu kabi holat haqida.

Matn B (mashq uchun yozilgan):

Visitors to historic cities often say they want to see "authentic" local life, but their arrival can change the very thing they came to see. When old houses are turned into guest houses and souvenir shops, residents move to cheaper districts, and the centre begins to feel like a museum. Some officials respond by limiting the number of tourists. I understand the impulse, but I doubt that caps on visitor numbers work well; they tend to raise prices and favour wealthy travellers. A better approach, I believe, is to spread visitors across the year and across more neighbourhoods, so that no single street carries the whole burden. Tourism income should also be used to repair homes for the families who still live in the old town. Of course, not every change is harmful. Many craftspeople earn more than they did twenty years ago, and some traditional skills survive precisely because tourists buy the products.

Statementlar 7–12. YES, NO yoki NOT GIVEN deb yozing. Har birida muallif fikrini bildirgan iborani tagiga chizing.

• 7. Tourists can damage the local life they want to experience.
• 8. Limiting the number of visitors is the most effective solution.
• 9. Visitor caps tend to make travel more expensive.
• 10. Tourists should pay a special fee to enter the old town.
• 11. Money from tourism should help residents repair their houses.
• 12. Tourism has had only negative effects on traditional crafts.

Javoblar va dalillar

• 7 — YES. Their arrival can change the very thing they came to see. Muallif buni o‘z kuzatuvi sifatida aytadi.
• 8 — NO. Cheklash rasmiylarning javobi. Muallif esa I doubt that caps on visitor numbers work well deydi.
• 9 — YES. They tend to raise prices. Statementdagi tend to muallifning ehtiyotkor ifodasi bilan mos.
• 10 — NOT GIVEN. Muallif turizm daromadidan foydalanish haqida gapiradi, lekin kirish uchun maxsus to‘lov haqida fikr bildirmaydi.
• 11 — YES. Tourism income should also be used to repair homes. Should muallifning taklifini ko‘rsatadi.
• 12 — NO. Not every change is harmful … some traditional skills survive precisely because tourists buy the products. Only negative ga zid.

Natija: 5–6 ta to‘g‘ri javob usul ishlayotganini ko‘rsatadi. 8-savolda Yes yozgan bo‘lsangiz, M/B belgilash odatini mashq qiling: har bir matnda fikr kimga tegishli ekanini ikki soniyada belgilang. 10-savolda No yozgan bo‘lsangiz, “rad etuvchi gapni ko‘rsata olamanmi?” savolini qaytadan bering: muallif to‘lovga qarshi ekanini aytmagan.

Imtihonda qanday ishlash kerak

Matnni birinchi o‘qiganda faqat fikr iboralarini belgilang: I believe, I doubt, some critics, yet. Bu 60–90 soniya oladi, lekin keyingi savollarni ancha tezlashtiradi. Keyin har bir statementdagi kalit so‘zni topib, faqat o‘sha atrofdagi ikki–uch gapni o‘qing. Vaqtni butun test bo‘yicha qanday taqsimlash kerakligini IELTS Reading vaqtni boshqarish sahifasida ko‘ring.

Bahsli matnlarni o‘qish Speaking Part 3 uchun ham foydali: muallifning I understand the impulse, but… kabi tuzilmasi o‘z fikringizni muvozanatli aytishga namuna bo‘ladi. Bu haqda IELTS Speaking Band 7 strategiyasida batafsil yozilgan.

BandMate nimada yordam beradi

BandMate Reading testini o‘tkazmaydi va Reading bo‘yicha ball bermaydi. Ilovada Bandi bilan ovozli suhbat bor: matndagi bahsli mavzuni olib, In my view…, I doubt that…, Some people argue…, but… iboralari bilan o‘z fikringizni aytib ko‘ring. Kimning fikri ekanini o‘zingiz gapirib farqlasangiz, o‘qishda ham tezroq ajratasiz. Talaffuz bo‘yicha fikr va IELTS Speaking mock test ham bor. AI fikri rasmiy band emas.

Manbalar

• IELTS: Academic Reading testining rasmiy formati va savol turlari

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