Texnologiya mavzusidagi Task 2 savollari deyarli har doim bitta savolni so‘raydi: bu texnologiya odamlarga nima beradi va nimani oladi? Kuchli javob texnologiyani "yaxshi" yoki "yomon" deb emas, balki kim uchun, qaysi sharoitda foydali ekanini ko‘rsatadi. Asosiy yo‘nalishlar: sun’iy intellekt va ish o‘rinlari, bolalar va ekran vaqti, onlayn xizmatlar, shaxsiy ma’lumotlar xavfsizligi, keksalar va raqamli ko‘nikmalar.
Bu sahifada 6 ta mashq savoli, har yo‘nalish uchun g‘oyalar, 14 ta collocation, to‘liq namuna esse va reja mashqi bor. Savollar mashq uchun tuzilgan, haqiqiy imtihon savollari emas.
Mashq savollari: oltita, turi bilan
- Advantages outweigh. Many government services, such as paying bills, registering a business or applying for documents, are now available online. Do the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?
- Opinion. Artificial intelligence will soon make many office jobs unnecessary. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
- Problem–solution. Children today spend many hours a day looking at screens. What problems does this cause, and what can parents and schools do?
- Discussion. Some people think technology has made communication between people better, while others believe it has made it worse. Discuss both views and give your opinion.
- Two-part. Many older people find it difficult to use modern technology. Why is this? What can be done to help them?
- Opinion. Governments should strictly control what personal data technology companies collect. Do you agree or disagree?
1-savolga to‘liq namuna pastda. "Outweigh" savolining rejasi haqida alohida sahifa bor: IELTS advantages and disadvantages essay.
Namuna esse: onlayn davlat xizmatlari
Mashq namunasi — rasmiy ball emas.
In many countries, tasks that once required a morning in a queue at a government office can now be completed on a phone. In Uzbekistan, for instance, a wide range of public services is offered through a single online portal. Although moving these services online creates problems for some groups, I believe the benefits are considerably greater.
The most obvious advantage is the time and travel saved. A farmer in a remote district who needs a certificate no longer has to take a day off and pay for a trip to the regional centre; the application can be submitted in minutes and the document downloaded at home. Online systems also reduce opportunities for informal payments, because the rules and fees are shown on screen and each step is recorded rather than depending on a single official’s decision.
There are, however, real drawbacks. Older people and those with limited digital skills may find online forms confusing, and a mistake in one field can mean starting again. Furthermore, storing citizens’ personal data in one system makes it an attractive target for hackers, so a single security failure could expose sensitive information about very large numbers of people.
Neither of these problems, in my view, outweighs the benefits, because both can be reduced. Service centres where staff help visitors complete applications can support people who are not confident online, while strong security standards and two-step login can lower the risk of data leaks. The benefits, by contrast, apply to almost everyone every time they use a service.
In conclusion, although online public services can exclude some users and raise security concerns, the time and money they save and the transparency they bring make them a clearly positive development, provided that offline help remains available.
(Taxminan 300 so‘z.)
Nimaga e’tibor bering:
- Savol "qaysi tomon ustun?" deb so‘ragan, esse bunga kirishda, 4-paragrafda va xulosada javob beradi.
- 4-paragraf hukmni asoslaydi: kamchiliklar kamaytirilishi mumkin, afzalliklar esa hammaga tegishli. Ko‘p nomzod bu qadamni o‘tkazib yuboradi.
- Misollar aniq (chekka tumandagi fermer), lekin raqamsiz. Very large numbers of people — ehtiyotkor ifoda.
- O‘zbekistondagi davlat xizmatlari markazlari 4-paragrafdagi yechimga tabiiy misol bo‘la oladi.
G‘oyalar banki: beshta yo‘nalish
Sun’iy intellekt va ish
- + Takroriy ishlarni (hujjat saralash, oddiy tarjima) avtomatlashtiradi, odamga murakkab ish qoladi.
- − Ba’zi kasblar qisqaradi; qayta o‘qish hamma uchun bir xil oson emas.
- Misol: chatbot bilan uy vazifasini bajaradigan o‘quvchi — yordammi yoki ko‘chirishmi, qanday ishlatilishiga bog‘liq.
Bolalar va ekran vaqti
- + Ta’limiy ilovalar, masofaviy darslar; 2020-yilda maktablar yopilganda darslar televizor va internet orqali davom etgan.
- − Uyqu, diqqat va jismoniy faollikka ta’sir; nazoratsiz kontent.
- Misol: kechasi telefonda video ko‘rib, ertalab darsda uxlayotgan o‘quvchi.
Onlayn xizmatlar va to‘lovlar
- + Vaqt tejaladi, navbat yo‘q, jarayon shaffof.
- − Internet sifati past joylar va raqamli ko‘nikmasi kamlar chetda qoladi.
- Misol: kommunal to‘lovni Click yoki Payme kabi ilovada bir daqiqada to‘lash.
Shaxsiy ma’lumotlar va firibgarlik
- + Kompaniyalar ma’lumot orqali xizmatni yaxshilaydi.
- − Ma’lumot sizib chiqishi, onlayn firibgarlik.
- Misol: Telegram’da "yutuq" haqida soxta xabar kelib, karta ma’lumotlarini so‘rashi.
Texnologiya va iqtisodiyot
- + Masofaviy ish: dasturchi xorijiy mijoz uchun Toshkentdan ishlaydi; IT Park rezidentlari bunga misol.
- − Yaxshi maoshli ishlar yirik shaharlarda to‘planadi.
Texnologiya mavzusi uchun 14 ta collocation
| Collocation | Tarjima | Misol gap |
|---|---|---|
| rely heavily on technology | texnologiyaga qattiq tayanmoq | Many young people rely heavily on their phones for directions. |
| digital skills | raqamli ko‘nikmalar | Older citizens may lack basic digital skills. |
| automate routine tasks | takroriy ishlarni avtomatlashtirmoq | AI can automate routine office tasks. |
| replace human workers | odamlar o‘rnini egallamoq | Machines are unlikely to replace human workers entirely. |
| screen time | ekran vaqti | Parents should limit children’s screen time. |
| online services | onlayn xizmatlar | Online services save citizens hours of queuing. |
| personal data | shaxsiy ma’lumotlar | Companies collect huge amounts of personal data. |
| a data breach | ma’lumotlar sizib chiqishi | A single data breach can damage trust in a bank. |
| cyber security | kiberxavfsizlik | Governments must invest in cyber security. |
| remote work | masofaviy ish | Remote work allows programmers to serve clients abroad. |
| face-to-face communication | yuzma-yuz muloqot | Nothing fully replaces face-to-face communication. |
| the digital divide | raqamli tengsizlik | Rural areas risk falling behind because of the digital divide. |
| keep up with technology | texnologiyadan orqada qolmaslik | Many pensioners struggle to keep up with technology. |
| a double-edged sword | ikki tomonlama qurol | Social media is a double-edged sword for teenagers. |
Double-edged sword kabi iboralarni har essega tiqmang: bir marta, o‘z joyida ishlatilsa tabiiy ko‘rinadi.
Texnologiya esselarida rus va o‘zbek tilidan keladigan xatolar
- in internet (в интернете) → on the internet.
- technic / technics (техника) → technology, devices, equipment.
- informations, softwares → information, software — sanalmaydi.
- addicted from phones → addicted to phones.
- People use phones very much. → People use their phones heavily / a great deal.
- Thanks to technology, all problems are solved. → mutlaq da’vo; technology has made many tasks easier deb yozing.
Reja mashqi: g‘oyani savolga moslang
Quyidagi 6 g‘oyadan qaysilari 2-savolga (AI will soon make many office jobs unnecessary), qaysilari 3-savolga (children’s screen time: problems and solutions) mos keladi? Har savol uchun eng kuchli ikkitasini tanlang va bittadan misol yozing.
- (a) Takroriy hujjat ishlari avtomatlashadi.
- (b) Kechki ekran vaqti uyquni buzadi.
- (c) Mijoz bilan muzokara va ishonch hali odamga bog‘liq.
- (d) Maktab tanaffusida telefonsiz o‘yin vaqti.
- (e) Yangi kasblar paydo bo‘ladi: AI tizimlarini sozlash va tekshirish.
- (f) Ota-onalar o‘zlari ham kechqurun telefonni chetga qo‘yishi.
Namuna javoblar
2-savol (opinion): a, c, e. Mumkin bo‘lgan pozitsiya: I partly agree: AI will remove many routine tasks, but not the jobs that depend on judgement and trust. Kuchli ikkita: (a) misol — bank xodimi qo‘lda to‘ldiradigan arizalarni tizim o‘zi tekshiradi; (c) misol — kredit bo‘yicha tortishuvli holatda mijoz odam bilan gaplashishni xohlaydi. (e) uchinchi paragraf yoki e’tirozga javob sifatida.
3-savol (problem–solution): b, d, f. Muammo: (b) — ertalab darsda charchab o‘tiradigan o‘quvchi. Yechimlar: (d) maktab darajasida, (f) oila darajasida — misol: kechki ovqatdan keyin telefonlar bir savatga qo‘yiladigan oila.
Har paragrafni topic sentence, izoh, misol va link bilan qurish uchun IELTS body paragraph sahifasiga qarang. Yozgan essengizni AI bilan tekshirmoqchi bo‘lsangiz, ball taxminiga emas, aniq izohga e’tibor bering: AI bilan IELTS Writing tekshirish. Shu mavzuda og‘zaki savollar: IELTS Speaking Part 3 technology.
Texnologiya haqida bahslashishni gapirib mashq qilish
BandMate ilovasida Bandi’dan yuqoridagi 2-savol bo‘yicha qarshi fikr bildirishni so‘rang va o‘z pozitsiyangizni ikki daqiqa himoya qiling. Qaysi dalil og‘zaki ishonchli chiqsa, essega o‘shani oling. Ilova grammatika va so‘z tanlash bo‘yicha tuzatishlar beradi; bu rasmiy Writing bahosi emas.
