Hamshiraga kerak bo‘ladigan ingliz tili uch vaziyat atrofida aylanadi: bemorni parvarish qilish (I’m just going to check your blood pressure), dori berish (Can you tell me your full name and date of birth?) va smena topshirish (SBAR tartibida qisqa hisobot). Hamshira gapi qisqa, muloyim va har bir harakatni oldindan aytib beradigan bo‘lishi kerak. Quyida iboralar, 40 ta atama, smena topshirish dialogi, yozma namuna va mashq bor.
Bu sahifa faqat til mashqi uchun. Undagi misollar tibbiy yo‘riqnoma emas: dori va muolajalar ish joyingizdagi qoidalar va shifokor ko‘rsatmasi bo‘yicha bajariladi. Shifokor tomonidagi anamnez savollari tibbiyot ingliz tili sahifasida.
Parvarish iboralari
| Vaziyat | Inglizcha | Tarjima |
|---|---|---|
| Tanishish | Hi, I’m Madina, I’m your nurse today. | Salom, men Madinaman, bugun sizning hamshirangizman. |
| Harakatni oldindan aytish | I’m just going to check your blood pressure. | Hozir qon bosimingizni o‘lchayman. |
| Ruxsat so‘rash | Is it OK if I look at your wound? | Yarangizga qarasam maylimi? |
| Og‘riq bahosi | How’s your pain now, from 0 to 10? | Og‘riq hozir 0 dan 10 gacha qancha? |
| Qulaylik | Would you like another pillow? | Yana bitta yostiq beraymi? |
| Harakatlanish | Please don’t get up on your own. Press the call bell and I’ll help you. | Iltimos, o‘zingiz turmang. Tugmani bosing, men yordam beraman. |
| Gigiyena | Would you like some help with washing this morning? | Ertalab yuvinishga yordam kerakmi? |
| Ovqat va suv | Have you managed to eat anything today? | Bugun biror narsa yeya oldingizmi? |
| Yakunlash | Is there anything else I can do for you before I go? | Ketishimdan oldin yana biror narsa kerakmi? |
I’m just going to… — ingliz tilidagi hamshiralik nutqining eng ko‘p ishlatiladigan boshlanmasi. U bemorni ogohlantiradi va har bir harakatni yumshatadi.
40 ta atama
Hayotiy ko‘rsatkichlar
| Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| observations (obs) | ko‘rsatkichlarni o‘lchash | I’ll do her obs at 2 pm. |
| blood pressure (BP) | qon bosimi | His BP is lower than this morning. |
| pulse / heart rate | puls | Her pulse is regular. |
| temperature | harorat | His temperature is 38.2. |
| respiratory rate | nafas soni | Respiratory rate is 18 per minute. |
| oxygen saturation (sats) | qondagi kislorod | Her sats are 96 per cent on room air. |
| blood sugar / glucose | qondagi qand | I’ll check your blood sugar before lunch. |
| fluid balance | suyuqlik balansi | Please record everything on the fluid balance chart. |
| weight | vazn | We weigh him every morning. |
| urine output | siydik miqdori | Urine output was low overnight. |
Parvarish va jihozlar
| Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| call bell | chaqiruv tugmasi | The call bell is next to your hand. |
| bed bath | yotoqda yuvintirish | He needs a bed bath today. |
| pressure ulcer / pressure sore | yotoq yarasi | Check his heels for pressure ulcers. |
| reposition | holatini o‘zgartirish | We reposition her every two hours. |
| commode | ko‘chma hojatxona stuli | Would you like the commode? |
| bedpan | tuvak | I’ll bring you a bedpan. |
| walking frame | yurish ramasi | Use your walking frame, please. |
| hoist | ko‘targich | We need two staff to use the hoist. |
| fall risk | yiqilish xavfi | She’s at high risk of falls. |
| dressing | bog‘lam | I’m going to change your dressing. |
| wound | yara | The wound looks clean today. |
| catheter | kateter | The catheter was removed this morning. |
| cannula | kanyula | The cannula in his left hand is sore. |
| discharge | kasalxonadan chiqarish | He’s planned for discharge tomorrow. |
| admission | kasalxonaga yotqizish | She was admitted last night. |
Dorilar
| Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| medication chart | dori berish varaqasi | It’s signed on the medication chart. |
| dose | doza | The dose was changed yesterday. |
| tablet / capsule | tabletka / kapsula | Please take this tablet with water. |
| liquid medicine | suyuq dori | Would the liquid be easier to swallow? |
| injection | ukol | I’m going to give you an injection in your arm. |
| IV (intravenous) | tomir ichiga | The antibiotic is given IV. |
| drip | tomchilatib yuborish | The drip needs changing at six. |
| syringe | shprits | Draw up the dose in a new syringe. |
| allergy band | allergiya bilaguzugi | He’s wearing a red allergy band. |
| as needed (PRN) | kerak bo‘lganda | Paracetamol is prescribed as needed. |
| side effect | nojo‘ya ta’sir | Tell me if you notice any side effects. |
| once / twice / three times a day | kuniga bir / ikki / uch marta | This one is twice a day, with food. |
| missed dose | o‘tkazib yuborilgan doza | Please report any missed dose. |
| refuse medication | doridan bosh tortish | She refused her evening medication. |
| controlled drug | nazoratdagi dori | Controlled drugs are checked by two nurses. |
Dori berishda aytiladigan gaplar
Ko‘pgina kasalxonalarda dori berishdan oldin bemor shaxsi va allergiyasi tekshiriladi. Aniq tartib ish joyingiz qoidalarida yozilgan; bu yerda faqat unga kerak bo‘ladigan til:
- Can you tell me your full name and date of birth, please?
- Can I check your wristband?
- Do you have any allergies to medicines?
- This is your blood pressure tablet. The doctor prescribed it this morning.
- Do you know what this medicine is for?
- Do you have any questions before you take it?
Bemor dori ichishdan bosh tortsa:
- That’s absolutely your choice. Can I ask what’s worrying you?
- I’ll let the doctor know, and they can talk to you about it.
Raqamlarni o‘qish. 0.5 mg — nought point five milligrams (Britaniya) yoki zero point five milligrams. 5 ml — five millilitres. Every 6 hours — every six hours. O‘nlik kasrda vergul emas, nuqta ishlatiladi. Buni kasrlar va foizlar inglizcha sahifasida mashq qiling. Dozada adashish xavfli, shuning uchun raqamni doim qaytarib ayting: So that’s five milligrams, is that right?
Smena topshirish: SBAR
SBAR — xalqaro sog‘liqni saqlash tizimlarida keng qo‘llanadigan qisqa hisobot tartibi:
| Qism | Ma’nosi | Boshlanishi |
|---|---|---|
| Situation | Hozirgi holat | This is Mr Karimov in bed 6. He’s… |
| Background | Qisqa tarix | He was admitted on Monday with… |
| Assessment | Sizning bahoingiz | His obs are stable, but… |
| Recommendation | Nima qilish kerak | Please check… / He needs… |
Dialog: kechki smenaga topshirish
A — kunduzgi hamshira Zarina, B — kechki smena hamshirasi Kate.
A: OK, bed 6 is Mr Karimov, 68. He’s two days after a hip replacement.
B: How’s he doing?
A: Much better today. His obs are stable. BP 130 over 80, sats 97 per cent. He had some pain this morning, about a six, but he had his painkillers at two and now it’s a three.
B: Is he mobile?
A: He walked to the bathroom with the physio and a walking frame. He’s still a fall risk, so he needs someone with him.
B: Any problems with the wound?
A: The dressing is clean and dry. It’s due to be changed tomorrow morning.
B: Eating and drinking?
A: Drinking well, but he didn’t eat much lunch. Please encourage him at dinner and keep the fluid chart up to date.
B: Anything else?
A: His daughter is visiting at seven and wants to talk about discharge. I’ve told her the doctor will update her tomorrow.
B: Great, thanks. So: fall risk, dressing tomorrow, encourage food, daughter at seven.
A: That’s it.
Kate oxirida asosiy nuqtalarni qaytarib aytdi. Bu read-back deyiladi va xatoni kamaytiradi.
Yozma namuna: hamshiralik yozuvi
18:30. Patient reports pain 3/10 in right hip. Obs stable: BP 130/80, pulse 78, temp 36.9, sats 97% on room air. Mobilised to bathroom with walking frame and one staff. Dressing clean and dry. Ate half of dinner, fluids encouraged. Daughter informed that doctor will discuss discharge tomorrow. Z. Aliyeva, RN.
Yozuvda to‘liq gap shart emas, lekin vaqt, fakt va imzo bo‘lishi kerak. Patient is feeling good kabi noaniq gaplar o‘rniga o‘lchanadigan narsani yozing.
O‘zbek hamshiralarining tipik xatolari
| Xato | To‘g‘risi |
|---|---|
| I will put you an injection. ("ukol qo‘yaman") | I’m going to give you an injection. |
| I will measure your pressure. | I’m going to check your blood pressure. |
| I am sister. ("медсестра") | I’m a nurse. (Britaniyada Sister — katta hamshira unvoni) |
| Change the bandage. | Change the dressing. |
| Lie on the bed and don’t move! | Could you lie back for me? Try to keep still. |
| Sanitar will help you. | A healthcare assistant will help you. |
Chet elda ishlash: qayerdan tekshirish kerak
- Buyuk Britaniya. Hamshiralarni Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) ro‘yxatga oladi. NMC saytida yozilishicha, ingliz tili testlaridan faqat IELTS Academic va OET qabul qilinadi va natija ikki yil amal qiladi. Kerakli ballar va boshqa dalil turlarini nmc.org.uk saytidan tekshiring.
- OET. Nursing versiyasi bor: Writing va Speaking qismlari hamshiralik vaziyatlariga asoslangan (masalan, bemorni boshqa muassasaga o‘tkazish xati, rolli suhbat). Namuna testlar oet.com saytida.
- AQSh va boshqa davlatlar. Har bir davlatda (AQShda esa har bir shtatda) o‘z litsenziya organi va o‘z talablari bor. Ba’zi davlatlarda ingliz tilidan tashqari mahalliy tilni ham bilish talab qilinadi.
Ish taklif qiladigan agentlik "imtihonsiz" yoki "kafolatlangan" ishni va’da qilsa, uning gapini regulyatorning rasmiy sahifasi bilan solishtiring. Chet elda ish qidirish haqida umumiy ma’lumot ish qidirish saytlari va til sahifasida.
Mashq
A. Hamshiraga xos, muloyim shaklda qayta yozing.
- 1. Give me your arm.
- 2. Don’t stand up.
- 3. I will measure your temperature.
- 4. Say your name.
B. SBAR’ning qaysi qismi? S, B, A yoki R deb yozing.
- 5. She was admitted yesterday with a chest infection.
- 6. Please check her sats again at ten.
- 7. This is Mrs Tursunova in bed 3. She’s feeling more breathless.
- 8. Her sats have dropped from 96 to 92 per cent.
Javoblar
A. (namuna)
- 1. Could I have your arm, please? I’m just going to check your blood pressure.
- 2. Please don’t get up on your own. Press the call bell and I’ll help you.
- 3. I’m just going to check your temperature.
- 4. Can you tell me your full name, please?
B. 5 — B; 6 — R; 7 — S; 8 — A.
Keyingi qadam va BandMate
Har kuni ishda aytgan uchta gapingizni inglizchaga o‘girib, ovoz chiqarib ayting. Bemor tomonidagi so‘zlar va shikoyatlarni doctor appointment English sahifasida o‘rganing.
BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan rolli suhbatda smena topshirishni yoki bemor bilan gaplashishni mashq qiling. Bandi savol beradi, javobingizni tinglaydi va talaffuz hamda grammatika bo‘yicha fikr bildiradi. Bu til mashqi, hamshiralik ko‘nikmalarini baholamaydi.
