IELTS Writing map: xarita o‘zgarishlarini tasvirlash namunasi

IELTS Task 1’dagi map savolida odatda bitta joyning ikki davrdagi xaritasi beriladi va siz nima qurilgani, nima buzilgani, nima kengaytirilgani yoki o‘zgarmay qolganini tasvirlaysiz. Bu yerda raqam deyarli bo‘lmaydi; ball uchun asosiy vosita — majhul nisbat (was built, were removed) va aniq joylashuv iboralari (to the north of, next to). Quyida matn ko‘rinishida berilgan mashq xaritasi, to‘liq namuna javob, iboralar tahlili va javobli mashq bor.

Xarita savoli qanday tuzilgan

IELTS’ning rasmiy formati bo‘yicha Academic Task 1’da grafik, jadval, diagramma yoki chizmadagi ma’lumotni o‘z so‘zlaringiz bilan tasvirlaysiz: kamida 150 so‘z, taxminan 20 daqiqa. Xarita ham shu vizual ma’lumot turlaridan biri. Javob boshqa Task 1 turlari kabi to‘rt mezon bilan baholanadi; ularning tavsifi baholash sahifasidagi band descriptors hujjatida.

Amalda xarita topshiriqlari uch ko‘rinishda uchraydi:

• O‘tmish va hozir: masalan, 1990 va hozirgi shahar markazi. Hozirgi holat uchun present perfect ham ishlatiladi.
• Ikki o‘tgan sana: masalan, 2005 va 2025. Hammasi past simple.
• Reja yoki taklif: masalan, yangi bog‘ uchun ikki loyiha varianti. Bunda will be built yoki is planned to kabi kelasi zamon shakllari kerak bo‘ladi.

Mashq xaritasi (xayoliy kampus)

Mashq topshirig‘i: The maps below show a university campus in 2005 and in 2025. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Xaritalar o‘rniga ulardagi ma’lumot jadvalda. Kampus o‘ylab topilgan, real universitet emas. Shimol xaritaning tepasida.

Yozishdan oldin: xaritani o‘qish tartibi

1. Kompas va sanalarni aniqlang. Ikkala sana o‘tgan zamonda bo‘lgani uchun butun hisobot past simple’da yoziladi.
2. Nima o‘zgarmaganini belgilang. Asosiy bino va kirish. Bu overview uchun muhim: o‘zgarishlar fonida doimiy qism ko‘rinadi.
3. O‘zgarishlarni turga ajrating: yangi qurilgan (yotoqxona, ilmiy markaz, bekat), almashtirilgan (futbol maydoni, bog‘), kengaytirilgan (kutubxona, yo‘l), qisqartirilgan (avtoturargoh), olib tashlangan (daraxtlar).
4. Umumiy yo‘nalishni toping. Ochiq maydonlar binolarga aylangan; kampus zichroq va rivojlangan.
5. Tana paragraflarini hudud bo‘yicha taqsimlang. Shimol va markaz bitta paragrafda, sharq va g‘arb boshqasida. Bu o‘quvchiga xaritada “yurish” imkonini beradi.

Paragraf rejasi

Namuna javob (mashq uchun, taxminan 170 so‘z)

The maps illustrate how a university campus changed between 2005 and 2025.

Overall, the campus became considerably more developed, with new accommodation and research facilities replacing open land. However, the main teaching building and the entrance remained in the same positions.

In 2005, the northern part of the campus was occupied by a football pitch, but this was replaced by two blocks of student accommodation. In the centre, the main teaching building was left unchanged, while the library next to it was extended eastwards and roughly doubled in size.

The most significant changes took place on the eastern side. An orchard and a row of trees were cleared to make way for a new research centre, and the road from the entrance was extended to reach it. To the west, the large car park was reduced in size, and the space that was freed up was converted into a garden with a café. Finally, a bus stop was added just outside the main entrance in the south.

Namunaga band qo‘yilmagan; u tuzilish va til qarorlarini ko‘rsatish uchun yozilgan.

Namunadagi asosiy til

Majhul nisbat nega ko‘p? Xaritada kim qurgani noma’lum va muhim emas. The university built a research centre deyish mumkin, lekin a research centre was built ma’lumotga e’tiborni qaratadi. Shunga qaramay, har gapni majhul qilish shart emas: The most significant changes took place… kabi faol gaplar matnga xilma-xillik beradi.

Joylashuv iboralari

O‘zbek o‘quvchilari ko‘p qiladigan xatolar

• “The football pitch replaced by dormitories.” Majhul nisbatda was tushib qolgan. To‘g‘risi: The football pitch was replaced by dormitories.
• Replace yo‘nalishini chalkashtirish. Dormitories replaced the football pitch = The football pitch was replaced by dormitories. Ikkala gapda ham yangi narsa yotoqxona. “The dormitories were replaced by the football pitch” esa teskari ma’no beradi.
• “Was builded”, “were cutted”. To‘g‘risi: was built, were cut down. Noto‘g‘ri fe’llar ro‘yxatini yozishdan oldin takrorlang.
• “On the north of the campus.” Yo‘nalish bilan on emas, in (ichida) yoki to (tashqarisida) ishlatiladi. O‘zbekchadagi “shimol tomonida” so‘zma-so‘z on the north side of bo‘lishi mumkin, lekin side so‘zi bilan.
• Artiklsiz joy nomlari. “Main building remained” emas, the main building remained. Xaritada bittadan bo‘lgan ob’ektlar the bilan keladi; yangi eslatilgan ob’ekt esa a: a new research centre.
• Present perfect’ni noto‘g‘ri joyda ishlatish. Ikkala sana o‘tgan bo‘lsa (2005 va 2025), has been built emas, was built. Present perfect faqat “hozir” yoki “present day” xaritasi bo‘lsa to‘g‘ri.
• Tartibsiz sayohat. Bir gapda shimol, keyingisida janub, keyin yana shimol. Hududlar bo‘yicha guruhlang.

Mashq 1: majhul nisbatga o‘giring

Qavsdagi fe’lni majhul nisbatda, past simple’da yozing.

1. The old bridge ___ (demolish) in 2012.
2. A new cycle path ___ (build) along the river.
3. The factory ___ (convert) into flats.
4. Several trees ___ (cut down) to make room for a car park.
5. The shopping area ___ (expand) to the south.
6. The school ___ (move) to the edge of the town.

Javoblar:

• 1 — was demolished
• 2 — was built
• 3 — was converted
• 4 — were cut down
• 5 — was expanded
• 6 — was moved

Mashq 2: o‘z hisobotingizni yozing

Mashq topshirig‘i: The maps below show the centre of a small town in 1995 and today.

Xayoliy ma’lumot, shimol tepada:

Bu yerda “today” bor, shuning uchun hozirgi holat uchun present perfect tabiiy: The market has been replaced by a pedestrian square. 1995’dagi holat uchun esa past simple: In 1995, there was an open-air market in the centre.

Namunaviy reja:

• Kirish: The maps compare the centre of a small town in 1995 with its present-day layout.
• Overview: markaz piyodalarga moslashgan va savdo ob’ektlari ko‘paygan; stansiya va maktab joyida qolgan.
• Body 1: markaz va janub: bozor maydonga aylangan, asosiy ko‘cha piyodalar ko‘chasiga aylantirilgan.
• Body 2: shimol va chekkalar: uylar o‘rnida savdo markazi, stansiya yonida avtoturargoh, park qisqargan va kutubxona qurilgan.

Tekshiring: kamida beshta turli majhul fe’l ishlatildimi (replaced, converted, added, reduced, built)? O‘zgarmagan ob’ektlar tilga olindimi? In/to the north of to‘g‘ri tanlandimi? Yakuniy tekshiruv uchun proofreading checklistdan foydalaning. Bosqichlarni tasvirlaydigan boshqa chizma turi uchun process diagram sahifasiga qarang; u yerda ham majhul nisbat asosiy vosita.

BandMate bilan og‘zaki mashq

BandMate Writing javoblarini baholamaydi, ilova gapirish mashqiga qaratilgan. Xarita tili esa Speaking’da ham kerak: Part 2’da “Describe a place in your city that has changed” kabi cue card chiqsa, was replaced by, was turned into, to the north of iboralari tayyor bo‘ladi. Bandi bilan ovozli suhbatda o‘z mahallangiz yoki Toshkentdagi tanish joyning o‘n yil ichida qanday o‘zgarganini tasvirlab ko‘ring. Ilova talaffuz bo‘yicha fikr beradi va Speaking mock testini taklif qiladi; AI fikri rasmiy band emas.

Manbalar

• IELTS: Academic Writing testining rasmiy formati
• IELTS: baholash tafsilotlari va Writing band descriptors

BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling