A1 darajada siz o‘zingiz, oilangiz, uyingiz, ovqat, vaqt va shahar haqida oddiy gaplar tuza olishingiz kerak. Buning uchun eng avvalo shu mavzulardagi so‘zlar kerak: mother, flat, bread, today, bus, go, want, cheap. Quyida 130 ta shunday so‘z 10 guruhda berilgan: har biriga o‘zbekcha tarjima va qisqa misol gap.
CEFR A1 uchun aniq so‘z sonini belgilamaydi; darsliklar har xil ro‘yxat beradi. Shuning uchun raqamga emas, vazifaga qarang: bu 130 so‘z bilan o‘zingizni tanishtirish, narx so‘rash, vaqt kelishish va yo‘l so‘rash mumkin. Daraja haqida to‘liq ma’lumot A1 daraja nima sahifasida. the, is, and, my kabi “kichik” so‘zlar alohida — ular eng ko‘p ishlatiladigan 100 inglizcha so‘z sahifasida.
Bir daqiqalik boshlanish: Hello! I’m Aziz. I live in a flat in Tashkent. I drink tea every morning. Bu to‘rt gapda allaqachon oltita A1 so‘zi bor.
1. Salomlashish va odob: 8 so‘z
| So‘z | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| hello | salom | Hello, I’m Malika. |
| goodbye | xayr | Goodbye, see you tomorrow! |
| please | iltimos | Tea, please. |
| thank you | rahmat | Thank you for your help. |
| sorry | kechirasiz, uzr | Sorry, I’m late. |
| excuse me | kechirasiz (murojaat) | Excuse me, where is the metro? |
| yes | ha | Yes, I’m a student. |
| no | yo‘q | No, thank you. |
2. Odamlar va oila: 13 so‘z
| So‘z | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| man | erkak | That man is my teacher. |
| woman | ayol (talaffuz: “vumən”, ko‘pligi women — “vimin”) | The woman is a doctor. |
| child | bola (ko‘pligi children) | They have two children. |
| baby | chaqaloq | The baby is sleeping. |
| friend | do‘st | Ali is my best friend. |
| mother | ona | My mother is a teacher. |
| father | ota | My father works in a bank. |
| brother | aka, uka | I have one brother. |
| sister | opa, singil | My sister is ten. |
| son | o‘g‘il | Their son is at school. |
| daughter | qiz (farzand); talaffuz: /ˈdɔːtə/, gh o‘qilmaydi | She has a daughter. |
| husband | er | Her husband is a driver. |
| wife | xotin, rafiqa | His wife is from Samarkand. |
3. Vaqt: 14 so‘z
| So‘z | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| day | kun | I study every day. |
| week | hafta | See you next week. |
| month | oy | My birthday is this month. |
| year | yil | I’m 25 years old. |
| today | bugun | Today is Monday. |
| tomorrow | ertaga | I’m free tomorrow. |
| yesterday | kecha | I was at home yesterday. |
| morning | ertalab | I run in the morning. |
| afternoon | tushdan keyin | The lesson is in the afternoon. |
| evening | kechqurun | We watch TV in the evening. |
| night | tun | Good night! |
| hour | soat (vaqt) — h o‘qilmaydi: “auə” | The film is two hours long. |
| minute | daqiqa | Wait a minute, please. |
| weekend | dam olish kunlari | What do you do at the weekend? |
4. Uy va narsalar: 14 so‘z
| So‘z | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| house | uy (hovli) | We live in a house. |
| flat | kvartira (AmE apartment) | Our flat is on the third floor. |
| room | xona | My room is small. |
| kitchen | oshxona | Mum is in the kitchen. |
| bathroom | hammom, yuvinish xonasi | Where is the bathroom? |
| door | eshik | Close the door, please. |
| window | deraza | Open the window. |
| bed | karavot | I go to bed at eleven. |
| table | stol | The keys are on the table. |
| chair | stul | Sit on this chair. |
| key | kalit | I can’t find my key. |
| phone | telefon | What’s your phone number? |
| bag | sumka | My bag is black. |
| book | kitob | This book is interesting. |
5. Ovqat va ichimlik: 13 so‘z
| So‘z | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| bread | non | We buy bread every morning. |
| water | suv | Can I have some water? |
| tea | choy | I drink green tea. |
| coffee | qahva | Coffee or tea? |
| milk | sut | The baby drinks milk. |
| meat | go‘sht | I don’t eat meat. |
| rice | guruch | Plov is made with rice. |
| egg | tuxum | I have two eggs for breakfast. |
| apple | olma | This apple is sweet. |
| sugar | shakar | No sugar, please. |
| breakfast | nonushta — “brekfəst” | I have breakfast at seven. |
| lunch | tushlik | Let’s have lunch together. |
| dinner | kechki ovqat | Dinner is ready! |
6. Shahar va transport: 13 so‘z
| So‘z | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| street | ko‘cha | I live on Navoi Street. |
| shop | do‘kon | The shop opens at nine. |
| market | bozor | We go to the market on Sunday. |
| bus | avtobus | I go to work by bus. |
| metro | metro | The metro is fast. |
| taxi | taksi | Let’s take a taxi. |
| car | mashina | My father has a white car. |
| station | bekat, vokzal | Where is the station? |
| school | maktab | My son goes to school. |
| hospital | kasalxona | My aunt works in a hospital. |
| pharmacy | dorixona | Is there a pharmacy near here? |
| bank | bank | The bank is closed today. |
| park | bog‘ | We walk in the park. |
7. Ish va o‘qish: 8 so‘z
| So‘z | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| job | ish, kasb | I like my job. |
| teacher | o‘qituvchi | My teacher is very kind. |
| student | talaba, o‘quvchi | I’m a student. |
| doctor | shifokor | She is a doctor. |
| lesson | dars | The English lesson is at ten. |
| homework | uy vazifasi | I do my homework in the evening. |
| office | ofis, idora | He works in an office. |
| English | ingliz tili | I study English every day. |
8. Fe’llar: 24 so‘z
| So‘z | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| be (am/is/are) | bo‘lmoq | I am tired. |
| have | ega bo‘lmoq | I have a sister. |
| go | bormoq | I go to school by bus. |
| come | kelmoq | Come here, please. |
| eat | yemoq | We eat plov on Thursday. |
| drink | ichmoq | I drink a lot of water. |
| sleep | uxlamoq | I sleep eight hours. |
| get up | o‘rnidan turmoq | I get up at seven. |
| work | ishlamoq | My mother works in a shop. |
| study | o‘qimoq, o‘rganmoq | I study at university. |
| read | o‘qimoq (matnni) | I read before bed. |
| write | yozmoq — w o‘qilmaydi | Write your name here. |
| speak | gapirmoq | I speak Uzbek and Russian. |
| listen | tinglamoq — t o‘qilmaydi | Listen to the teacher. |
| like | yoqtirmoq | I like apples. |
| want | xohlamoq | I want a new phone. |
| need | kerak bo‘lmoq | I need help. |
| buy | sotib olmoq | I buy bread at the market. |
| live | yashamoq | I live in Andijan. |
| know | bilmoq — k o‘qilmaydi | I don’t know. |
| see | ko‘rmoq | I can see the bus. |
| open | ochmoq | Open your books. |
| help | yordam bermoq | Can you help me? |
| can | qila olmoq | I can swim. |
O‘zbek o‘quvchilarining eng ko‘p xatosi: “o‘qimoq” ikki xil — kitob o‘qish read, o‘qishda o‘qish study. I read at university emas, I study at university.
9. Sifatlar: 18 so‘z
| So‘z | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| big | katta | Tashkent is a big city. |
| small | kichik | My room is small. |
| good | yaxshi | This is a good book. |
| bad | yomon | The weather is bad today. |
| new | yangi | I have a new bag. |
| old | eski; qari | My car is old. |
| young | yosh | My teacher is young. |
| hot | issiq | It’s hot in July. |
| cold | sovuq | The water is cold. |
| happy | xursand | I’m happy today. |
| tired | charchagan | I’m tired after work. |
| hungry | och | Are you hungry? |
| busy | band — “bizi” | I’m busy on Monday. |
| cheap | arzon | Bread is cheap. |
| expensive | qimmat | This phone is expensive. |
| beautiful | chiroyli | Samarkand is beautiful. |
| easy | oson | This exercise is easy. |
| difficult | qiyin | English is not difficult! |
10. Ranglar: 5 so‘z
| So‘z | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| red | qizil | I have a red bag. |
| blue | ko‘k (osmon rangi) | The sky is blue. |
| green | yashil (va ko‘k choy — green tea) | I like green tea. |
| black | qora | He has a black doppi. |
| white | oq | Cotton is white. |
130 so‘zni qanday yodlash kerak
- Kuniga 10 ta so‘z, bitta guruhdan. Ro‘yxat 13 kunga yetadi; 14-kuni hammasini takrorlang.
- Har so‘z bilan o‘zingiz haqingizda bitta gap. My flat is small. I drink tea with milk. Jadvaldagi misolni emas, o‘z gapingizni yodlang.
- Ovoz chiqarib ayting. daughter, hour, write, listen, know kabi so‘zlarda yozilgan harf o‘qilmaydi — ko‘z bilan o‘rgansangiz, noto‘g‘ri aytib yurasiz.
- 1-3-7 qoidasi. Yangi so‘zni 1, 3 va 7 kundan keyin qayta tekshiring. Boshqa usullar so‘zlarni tez yodlash sahifasida.
Mutlaqo noldan boshlayotgan bo‘lsangiz, avval ingliz tilini 0 dan o‘rganish: birinchi hafta rejasidan boshlang, keyin shu ro‘yxatga qayting.
Mashq: gapni to‘ldiring
So‘zlar: hungry, study, tomorrow, pharmacy, daughter, expensive, kitchen, breakfast, key, busy, listen, market.
- 1. I ______ at university in Samarkand.
- 2. Is there a ______ near here? I need medicine.
- 3. I have ______ at seven: eggs, bread and tea.
- 4. This phone is very ______. I can’t buy it.
- 5. I can’t open the door. Where is my ______?
- 6. Sorry, I’m ______ today. Let’s meet ______.
- 7. Mum is cooking plov in the ______.
- 8. Are you ______? Let’s have lunch.
- 9. Their ______ is five years old.
- 10. We buy fruit at the ______ on Sunday.
- 11. ______ to the teacher, please.
Javoblar
1 — study; 2 — pharmacy; 3 — breakfast; 4 — expensive; 5 — key; 6 — busy, tomorrow; 7 — kitchen; 8 — hungry; 9 — daughter; 10 — market; 11 — Listen.
A1 so‘zlarini birinchi suhbatda ishlating
So‘zni yodlash — yarim ish; qolgan yarmi uni suhbatda tez topish. BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan Tell me about your family yoki What do you do in the morning? kabi oddiy savollarga javob bering va shu sahifadagi so‘zlarni ishlating: ilova talaffuz va grammatika bo‘yicha izoh beradi, darslar esa A1 mavzulari bo‘yicha tuzilgan. Bu ro‘yxatni bemalol ishlatadigan bo‘lsangiz, keyingi qadam — A2 darajadagi inglizcha so‘zlar.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
