Ingliz tilini 0 dan o‘rganishning birinchi haftasida to‘rtta narsani o‘zlashtirasiz: harflar va oddiy o‘qish qoidalari, am / is / are fe’li, 50 ta eng kerakli so‘z va darsda hamda ko‘chada yordam beradigan 10 ta ibora. Har kuni 30–35 daqiqa yetadi. Yettinchi kuni o‘zingiz haqingizda beshta to‘g‘ri gap aytasiz va kichik testdan o‘tasiz.
Bu hafta suhbat haftasi emas, poydevor haftasi. Tayyor dialoglar bilan gapirishni boshlamoqchi bo‘lsangiz, noldan inglizcha gapirish bo‘yicha 7 dialogli reja bor. Bu sahifa esa undan oldingi qadam: so‘zni o‘qiy olish, gapni to‘g‘ri qurish va lug‘atning birinchi qatlamini yig‘ish.
Hafta bir qarashda
| Kun | Mavzu | Kun oxirida nima qila olasiz |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Alifbo: harf nomlari | Ismingiz va shahringizni harflab aytasiz |
| 2 | O‘qish: harf va tovush farqi | 20 ta oddiy so‘zni o‘qiysiz |
| 3 | am / is / are | “Men talabaman”, “U uyda” turidagi gaplarni tuzasiz |
| 4 | 25 ta so‘z: odamlar va narsalar | Har biri bilan bitta gap aytasiz |
| 5 | 25 ta so‘z: fe’l va sifatlar | I like tea. I am tired. kabi gaplar |
| 6 | 10 ta yordamchi ibora | Tushunmaganda so‘rashni bilasiz |
| 7 | Takrorlash va test | 30 soniya o‘zingiz haqingizda gapirasiz |
Kerakli narsalar: daftar, ovoz yozadigan telefon va har kuni bir xil vaqt. Masalan, ishdan qaytgach metroda yoki kechki ovqatdan keyin. Vaqt bir xil bo‘lsa, “bugun qachon o‘qiyman?” degan savol o‘z-o‘zidan yo‘qoladi.
1-kun: alifbo va harf nomlari
Ingliz alifbosida 26 harf bor. Ularning ko‘pchiligini lotin yozuvidan bilasiz, lekin nomlari boshqacha. O‘zbek o‘rganuvchisini eng ko‘p chalg‘itadiganlari:
| Harf | Inglizcha nomi | Nimasi bilan chalkashadi |
|---|---|---|
| A | ey | o‘zbekcha “a” deb aytiladi |
| E | ii | “e” emas, uzun “i” |
| I | ay | “i” emas |
| G va J | jii va jey | ikkalasi ham “j” bilan boshlanadi |
| H | eych | “ha” yoki “xa” emas |
| R | aa | “er” emas |
| W | dabl-yu | “ve” emas |
| Y | way | “igrek” emas |
Bugungi vazifa: ismingiz, familiyangiz va shahringizni harflab ayting va telefonga yozib oling. Masalan: Dilnoza — D, I, L, N, O, Z, A. Keyin UK, USA, BBC, IT, SMS qisqartmalarini harflab o‘qing. Barcha 26 harfning jadvali va tovushlari ingliz alifbosi sahifasida.
2-kun: harf boshqa, tovush boshqa
O‘zbek lotin yozuvida so‘z qanday yozilsa, shunday o‘qiladi. Ingliz tilida bunday emas, va buni birinchi haftadayoq qabul qilgan odam keyin kamroq asabiylashadi. Boshlash uchun oltita naqsh yetadi:
- Oxiridagi jim e. name (neym), home (hom), like (layk). Oxirgi e o‘qilmaydi, lekin oldingi unlini “harf nomi” kabi o‘qitadi.
- ee va ea — uzun i. tea, meet, read, green.
- oo — u. book, good (qisqa u), food, school (uzun u).
- sh — sh, ch — ch. she, shop, child, chair.
- th — o‘zbek tilida yo‘q tovush. Til uchi tishlar orasida: thank you, this, three. “Senk yu” yoki “zis” emas.
- w va v — ikki xil tovush. w da lablar dumaloq cho‘ziladi (water, work), v da yuqori tishlar pastki labga tegadi (very, village).
Bugungi vazifa: 4-kundagi so‘zlar jadvalini oching va birinchi 20 ta so‘zni ovoz chiqarib o‘qing. Qaysi birida ikkilansangiz, Cambridge Dictionary’da so‘zni yozib, audio tugmasini bosing va uch marta takrorlang.
3-kun: am, is, are
O‘zbekchada “Men talabaman” gapida alohida fe’l yo‘q: “-man” qo‘shimchasi yetadi. Ingliz tilida esa bu vazifani to be fe’li bajaradi va u tushib qolmaydi.
| Ega | To be | Misol | Tarjima |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | am | I am a student. | Men talabaman. |
| you | are | You are my friend. | Sen mening do‘stimsan. |
| he / she / it | is | She is at home. | U uyda. |
| we | are | We are from Andijan. | Biz Andijondanmiz. |
| they | are | They are tired. | Ular charchagan. |
Og‘zaki nutqda qisqa shakllar ko‘proq eshitiladi: I’m, you’re, she’s, we’re, they’re. Inkor uchun not qo‘shiladi: I’m not busy. He isn’t here. Savol uchun fe’l oldinga chiqadi: Are you a student? Is she at home?
Eng ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar:
| Noto‘g‘ri | To‘g‘ri |
|---|---|
| I student. | I’m a student. |
| She teacher. | She’s a teacher. |
| We from Samarkand. | We’re from Samarkand. |
| You are busy? | Are you busy? |
Bugungi vazifa: o‘zingiz, bir qarindoshingiz va bir do‘stingiz haqida am, is, are bilan jami oltita gap yozing. Bu mavzu to‘liqroq ingliz tili 1-darsida salomlashish va dialog bilan birga o‘tiladi.
4-kun: 25 ta so‘z — odamlar va narsalar
So‘zni yolg‘iz yodlamang, misol gap bilan birga yodlang. Har bir so‘zni jadvaldagi gap bilan ovoz chiqarib ayting, keyin gapni o‘zingizga moslab o‘zgartiring.
| So‘z | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| man | erkak | The man is a driver. |
| woman | ayol | The woman is my teacher. |
| child | bola | The child is happy. |
| friend | do‘st | Aziz is my friend. |
| family | oila | My family is big. |
| name | ism | My name is Kamola. |
| teacher | o‘qituvchi | She is a teacher. |
| student | talaba, o‘quvchi | I am a student. |
| doctor | shifokor | My father is a doctor. |
| house | uy (bino) | The house is old. |
| room | xona | The room is small. |
| city | shahar | Tashkent is a big city. |
| street | ko‘cha | The shop is on this street. |
| school | maktab | The school is near my house. |
| work | ish | I go to work at eight. |
| water | suv | Water, please. |
| tea | choy | I like green tea. |
| bread | non | The bread is hot. |
| money | pul | I have no money today. |
| phone | telefon | My phone is new. |
| book | kitob | This book is good. |
| car | mashina | His car is white. |
| day | kun | Have a nice day! |
| week | hafta | I study English every week. |
| time | vaqt | I have no time. |
5-kun: 25 ta so‘z — fe’l va sifatlar
| So‘z | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| go | bormoq | I go to school. |
| come | kelmoq | Come here, please. |
| eat | yemoq | We eat plov on Thursday. |
| drink | ichmoq | I drink tea every morning. |
| live | yashamoq | I live in Namangan. |
| work | ishlamoq | They work in a bank. |
| study | o‘qimoq (ta’lim olmoq) | I study at university. |
| speak | gapirmoq | I speak Uzbek and Russian. |
| like | yoqtirmoq | I like football. |
| want | xohlamoq | I want coffee. |
| have | ega bo‘lmoq | I have a brother. |
| need | kerak bo‘lmoq | I need help. |
| know | bilmoq | I know him. |
| see | ko‘rmoq | I see my friend every day. |
| big | katta | Our kitchen is big. |
| small | kichik | My room is small. |
| good | yaxshi | The food is good. |
| bad | yomon | The weather is bad today. |
| new | yangi | This is my new bag. |
| old | eski; keksa | My car is old. |
| hot | issiq | The tea is hot. |
| cold | sovuq | The water is cold. |
| happy | xursand | I am happy today. |
| tired | charchagan | She is tired after work. |
| busy | band | Are you busy now? |
Bitta nozik joy: o‘zbekcha “o‘qimoq” ingliz tilida ikki fe’lga bo‘linadi. Kitob o‘qish — read, ta’lim olish — study. “Men universitetda o‘qiyman” — I study at university, I read at university emas.
Kechqurun ikkala jadvaldan 10 ta so‘zni tanlab, tarjima ustunini qog‘oz bilan yoping va inglizchasini xotiradan ayting. Ertaga boshqa 10 tasi.
6-kun: 10 ta yordamchi ibora
Bu iboralar bilim yetishmaganda suhbatni to‘xtatmaydi. Ularni kartochkaga yozib, telefoningiz ekraniga ham qo‘yishingiz mumkin.
Excuse me va sorry farqi: excuse me — birovga murojaat qilishdan yoki yo‘l so‘rashdan oldin, sorry — kechirim so‘raganda yoki eshitmay qolganda. Metroda birovni turtib yuborsangiz — Sorry!; sotuvchini chaqirmoqchi bo‘lsangiz — Excuse me!
Bugungi vazifa: har bir iborani uch marta ayting, keyin kichik sahna o‘ynang. Siz kurs xonasidasiz, o‘qituvchi tez gapirdi: Sorry, I don’t understand. Can you repeat, please? Slowly, please. Thank you!
7-kun: takrorlash va o‘zingizni tekshirish
Bugun yangi material yo‘q. Avval 30 soniyalik tanishtiruvni yozib oling:
Hello! My name is Sardor. I am twenty. I am from Jizzakh, but I live in Tashkent. I am a student. I like football and green tea. I am busy, but I am happy.
Ism, yosh, shahar va qiziqishni o‘zingiznikiga almashtiring. Keyin 1-kundagi yozuvni tinglang va solishtiring.
Mashq: haftalik test
A. am, is yoki are qo‘ying.
- 1. I ___ from Bukhara.
- 2. My sister ___ a doctor.
- 3. We ___ tired today.
- 4. ___ you busy?
- 5. The tea ___ hot.
B. Inglizchasini yozing.
- 6. kitob
- 7. yashamoq
- 8. charchagan
- 9. kerak bo‘lmoq
C. Vaziyatga mos iborani tanlang.
- 10. O‘qituvchi gapini tushunmadingiz.
- 11. Ko‘chada notanish odamdan yo‘l so‘ramoqchisiz.
- 12. Bu buyum inglizcha nima deyilishini bilmoqchisiz.
Javoblar
1 — am; 2 — is; 3 — are; 4 — Are; 5 — is. 6 — book; 7 — live; 8 — tired; 9 — need. 10 — I don’t understand. Can you repeat, please? 11 — Excuse me… 12 — What’s this in English?
10 tadan ko‘p to‘g‘ri bo‘lsa, ikkinchi haftaga o‘ting. Kamroq bo‘lsa, 3-kun va 5-kunni yana bir marta qaytaring: bu ikkisi keyingi darslarning asosi.
Ikkinchi haftadan keyin nima bo‘ladi
8-kundan boshlab darslar formatiga o‘tasiz. Avval salomlashish va to be ni dialogda ishlatadigan 1-dars, keyin 2-dars: oila va egalik. Uzoqroq yo‘l — oylar bo‘yicha grammatika, lug‘at va nazorat vazifalari — 90 kunlik boshlang‘ich rejada yozilgan. Bu hafta o‘sha rejaning birinchi oyiga tayyorgarlik bo‘ladi.
BandMate bilan birinchi suhbat
Birinchi haftada eng qiyini — o‘rgangan narsani ovoz chiqarib aytish. BandMate ilovasida boshlang‘ich darslar o‘zbekcha izoh bilan beriladi, Bandi esa sizdan ismingiz, shahringiz va ishingiz haqida sodda savollar so‘raydi. Talaffuz bo‘yicha qisqa fikr ham olasiz. 7-kundagi tanishtiruvni Bandi’ga aytib ko‘ring, keyin uning savollariga am, is, are bilan javob bering.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
