Ingliz tili 1-darsida siz salomlashish va xayrlashishni, o‘zingizni tanishtirishni va buning uchun kerak bo‘ladigan eng muhim fe’l — to be (am, is, are) ni o‘rganasiz. Dars oxirida besh gapda o‘zingiz haqingizda gapirasiz: Hello! I’m Madina. I’m from Andijan. I’m a student. Nice to meet you. Dars 40–45 daqiqaga mo‘ljallangan; uni ikki kunga bo‘lsangiz ham bo‘ladi.
Bu darsda nimani o‘rganasiz
- 20 ta so‘z va ibora: salomlashish, muloyimlik, ism va odamlar.
- I am, you are, he/she/it is — darak, inkor va so‘roq shakli.
- Tanishuv dialogi va uni audio bilan mashq qilish tartibi.
- 30 soniyalik o‘zingizni tanishtirish.
Kerak bo‘ladi: daftar, telefon diktofoni va quloqchin. Harflarni hali bilmasangiz, avval ingliz alifbosi bilan bir kun ishlang yoki 0 dan boshlovchilar uchun birinchi haftani o‘ting.
Yangi so‘zlar
| So‘z | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| hello | salom | Hello, I’m Aziz. |
| hi | salom (norasmiy) | Hi, Nodir! |
| good morning | xayrli tong | Good morning, teacher! |
| goodbye | xayr | Goodbye, see you tomorrow. |
| bye | xayr (norasmiy) | Bye, Mum! |
| please | iltimos | Water, please. |
| thank you | rahmat | Thank you very much. |
| sorry | kechirasiz, uzr | Sorry, I’m late. |
| yes | ha | Yes, I am. |
| no | yo‘q | No, I’m not. |
| name | ism | My name is Kamola. |
| first name | ism | My first name is Kamola. |
| surname | familiya | My surname is Rashidova. |
| friend | do‘st | This is my friend, Otabek. |
| teacher | o‘qituvchi | She is my teacher. |
| student | talaba, o‘quvchi | I’m a student. |
| man | erkak | He is a tall man. |
| woman | ayol | The woman is a doctor. |
| nice to meet you | tanishganimdan xursandman | Nice to meet you, Otabek. |
| welcome | xush kelibsiz | Welcome to our class! |
Birinchi o‘ntasi — salomlashish va muloyimlik:
Qolgan o‘ntasi — ism va odamlar:
Talaffuz: thank you da til uchi tishlar orasida — “senk yu” emas. Name — “neym”, surname da urg‘u birinchi bo‘g‘inda: SUR-name. Woman — “vumen” emas, lablar dumaloq: “wumən”.
Grammatika
To be: am, is, are
O‘zbekchada “Men talabaman” gapida fe’l yo‘q, ma’noni “-man” qo‘shimchasi beradi. Ingliz tilida esa ega va ot yoki joy orasida to be fe’li albatta turadi.
| Ega | Darak | Inkor | So‘roq |
|---|---|---|---|
| I (men) | I am (I’m) a student. | I am not (I’m not) a teacher. | Am I late? |
| you (sen, siz) | You are (you’re) my friend. | You aren’t late. | Are you a student? |
| he (u, erkak) | He is (he’s) from Bukhara. | He isn’t at home. | Is he your brother? |
| she (u, ayol) | She is (she’s) a doctor. | She isn’t busy. | Is she a teacher? |
| it (u, narsa) | It is (it’s) my phone. | It isn’t new. | Is it your bag? |
| we (biz) | We are (we’re) friends. | We aren’t tired. | Are we late? |
| they (ular) | They are (they’re) at school. | They aren’t here. | Are they students? |
Ha yoki yo‘q bilan javob: Are you a student? — Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. Bunday javobda Yes, I’m deyilmaydi, to‘liq Yes, I am.
O‘zbek o‘rganuvchisi uchun ikki tuzoq
- “U” uchta. O‘zbekchada “u” erkak, ayol va narsa uchun bir xil. Ingliz tilida tanlash shart: erkak — he, ayol — she, narsa yoki hayvon — it. My mother is a teacher. She is kind.
- **Kasb oldida a yoki an.** I’m a student. She’s an engineer. Unli tovushdan oldin an. I’m student — eng ko‘p uchraydigan xato.
| Noto‘g‘ri | To‘g‘ri |
|---|---|
| I student. | I’m a student. |
| He from Namangan. | He’s from Namangan. |
| She is teacher. | She’s a teacher. |
| You are student? | Are you a student? |
| My sister, he is a doctor. | My sister is a doctor. |
To be ning barcha ishlatilishi — yosh, ob-havo, joy — alohida am, is, are qo‘llanmasida.
Dialog
Kurs xonasida, birinchi kun. O‘qituvchi va yangi talaba.
A: Good morning! Welcome to the class. I’m Nigora. I’m your teacher.
B: Good morning! Nice to meet you.
A: Nice to meet you too. What’s your name?
B: My name is Sardor. My surname is Aliyev.
A: Where are you from, Sardor?
B: I’m from Qarshi, but I live in Tashkent now.
A: Are you a student?
B: Yes, I am. I’m a student at university.
A: Great. Sit here, please. This is Laylo. She’s a student too.
B: Hi, Laylo!
C: Hi, Sardor! Welcome!
Audio bilan ishlash tartibi
Bu dialogni to‘rt bosqichda ishlang, har biri 3–4 daqiqa:
- 1. So‘zlarni tinglash. Jadvaldagi 20 ta so‘zni Cambridge Dictionary’da oching, UK yoki US audio tugmasini bosing va har birini uch marta takrorlang.
- 2. Dialogni o‘zingiz yozib oling. Hamma rollarni sekin, aniq o‘qing. Bu sizning “audio darsingiz” bo‘ladi.
- 3. Bitta rol. Yozuvni qo‘ying va faqat B (Sardor) qatorlarida gapiring, A qatorlarida tinglang. Keyin aksincha.
- 4. Matnsiz. Daftarni yoping, ism va shaharni o‘zingiznikiga almashtirib, dialogni xotiradan ayting va yana yozib oling.
1-bosqichdagi yozuv bilan 4-bosqichdagisini solishtiring. Farq kichik bo‘lsa ham, u sizning birinchi natijangiz.
Gapirish vazifasi
1. O‘zingizni tanishtiring (30 soniya). Shablonni to‘ldiring va ovoz chiqarib ayting:
Hello! My name is ___. My surname is ___. I’m from ___. I’m a ___ (student / teacher / driver…). Nice to meet you!
2. Do‘stingizni tanishtiring. He yoki she bilan uchta gap: This is my friend, Otabek. He’s from Fergana. He’s a programmer.
3. Savol bering. Oila a’zosidan yoki hamkasbdan inglizcha uchta savol so‘rang: What’s your name? Where are you from? Are you a student? U o‘zbekcha javob bersa ham, savolni inglizcha bering.
Mashq
A. am, is yoki are.
- 1. I ___ from Khiva.
- 2. My mother ___ a nurse.
- 3. We ___ students.
- 4. It ___ my book.
- 5. You ___ late!
- 6. Nodir and Aziz ___ friends.
B. Inkor gapga aylantiring.
- 7. She is a teacher.
- 8. They are at home.
C. Savol gapga aylantiring.
- 9. You are from Tashkent.
- 10. He is a doctor.
D. he, she yoki it.
- 11. My father is a driver. ___ is from Termez.
- 12. This is my phone. ___ is new.
- 13. Laylo is a student. ___ is nice.
E. Xatoni tuzating.
- 14. I am student.
- 15. Are you from Samarkand? — Yes, I’m.
Javoblar
1 — am; 2 — is; 3 — are; 4 — is; 5 — are; 6 — are.
7 — She isn’t a teacher. (She is not a teacher.) 8 — They aren’t at home.
9 — Are you from Tashkent? 10 — Is he a doctor?
11 — He; 12 — It; 13 — She.
14 — I am a student. 15 — Yes, I am.
12 tadan ko‘p to‘g‘ri bo‘lsa, 2-darsga tayyorsiz. D bo‘limida xato qilsangiz, “U uchta” qoidasini qayta o‘qing: bu keyingi darsda egalik olmoshlarida (his, her, its) yana kerak bo‘ladi.
Keyingi qadam
Oldingi dars: yo‘q, bu darslar to‘plamining birinchi darsi. Keyingi dars: Ingliz tili 2-dars: oila, egalik olmoshlari va have got.
Darslar bilan birga butun yo‘lni ko‘rmoqchi bo‘lsangiz, 90 kunlik boshlang‘ich reja birinchi uch oyni oylar bo‘yicha ko‘rsatadi.
BandMate ilovasida shu darsni ovoz bilan davom ettirish mumkin: Bandi sizdan ismingiz, shahringiz va kasbingizni so‘raydi, siz am, is, are bilan javob berasiz va talaffuz bo‘yicha qisqa fikr olasiz. Gapirish vazifasidagi 30 soniyalik tanishtiruvni Bandi’ga aytib ko‘ring.
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