B1 dan B2 ga o‘tish — ko‘proq so‘z yodlash emas, fikrni aniq va asosli aytishni o‘rganish. B1 darajasida siz tanish mavzuda bemalol gaplashasiz; B2 da esa notanish yoki murakkab masalada ham nuqtayi nazaringizni ijobiy va salbiy tomonlari bilan tushuntirasiz, ona tili egasi bilan ortiqcha zo‘riqishsiz suhbatlashasiz va o‘z sohangizdagi texnik muhokamani tushunasiz. Bu sahifadagi 12 haftalik reja ana shu uch ko‘nikmani mashq qildiradi.
Bu sahifa umumiy ingliz tili haqida: ishdagi yig‘ilish, o‘qish, sayohat va kundalik suhbat. Agar sizga milliy sertifikat yoki Multilevel imtihonida B2 natija kerak bo‘lsa, imtihon formati va har ko‘nikma bo‘yicha tayyorgarlik CEFR B1 dan B2 ga imtihon rejasi sahifasida. B1 ga hali yetmagan bo‘lsangiz, avval A2 dan B1 gacha rejani bajaring.
B1 va B2 farqi
Quyidagi jadval Yevropa Kengashining CEFR umumiy shkalasi va o‘zini baholash jadvali mazmunini o‘zbekchada qisqa bayon qiladi.
| Ko‘nikma | B1 | B2 |
|---|---|---|
| Tinglash | Tanish mavzudagi aniq nutqning asosiy fikri | Uzun nutq va munozarani, yangiliklar va ko‘p filmlarni tushunish |
| O‘qish | Kundalik mavzudagi oddiy matn | Muallif pozitsiyasi bor zamonaviy maqola, o‘z sohasidagi texnik matn |
| Suhbat | Tanish mavzuda tayyorgarliksiz qo‘shilish | Ravon va o‘z vaqtida javob berish, munozarada fikrni himoya qilish |
| Monolog | Tajriba va rejani oddiy bog‘lash | Masalani afzallik va kamchiliklari bilan batafsil tushuntirish |
| Yozish | Tanish mavzuda oddiy bog‘langan matn | Dalil keltirilgan aniq, batafsil matn yoki hisobot |
Bir savol: B1 va B2 javob
Savol: Should companies let people work from home?
B1 javob: “I think working from home is good. You don’t need to travel, so you save time. But some people feel lonely. I like working from home.”
B2 javob: “On the whole, I’d say yes, but it depends on the job. For software developers, remote work removes a long commute, which in Tashkent can take ages in the rush hour. On the other hand, new employees often learn faster in the office because they can ask questions immediately. So a hybrid model, with two or three office days, is probably the most realistic option.”
B2 javobda pozitsiya cheklangan (it depends), dalil aniq misol bilan berilgan, qarshi fikr tan olingan (on the other hand) va xulosa bor. Qiyin so‘zlar kam — farq tuzilishda.
1–4-hafta: fikrni asoslash va cheklash
1-hafta — pozitsiya + ikki sabab + misol. Har kuni bitta munozarali savolga 60–90 soniyalik javob yozib oling: onlayn ta’lim, shahar transporti, ijtimoiy tarmoqlar, Toshkentdagi ijara narxlari. Qolip: I’d say… mainly because… For example… .
2-hafta — qarama-qarshilik. Although, whereas, on the other hand, while bilan ishlang. Har javobga bitta qarshi fikr qo‘shing va unga javob bering: Some people argue that…, but… Bog‘lovchilarning ma’no farqi ingliz tilida bog‘lovchilar sahifasida jamlangan.
3-hafta — yumshatish va aniqlik. B1 o‘quvchilar ko‘pincha “always”, “everybody”, “very important” deydi. B2 ga tend to, in most cases, it depends on, to some extent kerak. Eski yozuvlaringizdagi mutlaq gaplarni topib, ehtiyotkorroq shaklga o‘tkazing.
4-hafta — nazorat nuqtasi 1.
- Notanish munozarali savolga 90 soniya to‘xtamasdan, aniq pozitsiya bilan javob beraman.
- Javobda kamida bitta qarshi fikr va unga munosabat bor.
- Tabiiy tezlikdagi 5 daqiqalik podkastni tinglab, asosiy uch fikrni aytib bera olaman.
5–8-hafta: aniq lug‘at va grammatika
5-hafta — sohangiz uchun birikmalar. O‘z ishingiz yoki o‘qishingizdan 30 ta collocation yig‘ing: dasturchi uchun deploy an update, fix a bug, meet a deadline; shifokor uchun prescribe medication, run tests. Har biriga shaxsiy gap tuzing.
6-hafta — so‘zni bilmaganda aylanib o‘tish. B2 ning muhim belgisi — so‘z esdan chiqqanda to‘xtab qolmaslik. Mashq: o‘nta narsani nomini aytmasdan tushuntiring: It’s a kind of…, It’s something you use to…, It’s the person who…
7-hafta — aniqlik uchun grammatika. Passive (The decision was made last week), relative clauses (the colleague who helped me), second va third conditional (If I had known, I would have…). Har birini o‘z ishingizdagi voqea bilan ishlating.
8-hafta — nazorat nuqtasi 2.
- O‘z sohamdagi jarayonni 2 daqiqa davomida tushuntira olaman.
- Kerakli so‘z esdan chiqsa, uni tasvirlab davom etaman.
- Kamida bitta passive va bitta shart gapni tabiiy ishlataman.
9–12-hafta: real muhokama va uzun matn
9-hafta — yig‘ilishda qatnashish. Gap bo‘lish, aniqlashtirish va muloyim e’tiroz: Sorry to interrupt, but…, Just to clarify, do you mean…?, I see your point, but… Sherik bilan yoki yozuv orqali uchta munozara o‘tkazing.
10-hafta — batafsil yozish. 200–250 so‘zli email yoki qisqa hisobot: muammo, sabab, ikki variant, tavsiya. Keyingi kuni uni qayta o‘qib, takroriy so‘zlarni almashtiring.
11-hafta — soddalashtirilmagan matn. BBC yoki The Guardian kabi nashrdan bitta maqolani lug‘atsiz o‘qing, so‘ng muallifning pozitsiyasini va siz qo‘shilmagan joyni 5 gapda ayting.
12-hafta — yakuniy nazorat. 1-haftadagi yozuvni tinglang va xuddi shu savolga yangidan javob bering. Farqni quyidagi ro‘yxat bilan baholang.
B2 “qila olaman” ro‘yxati
| Men… | Ha / qisman / yo‘q |
|---|---|
| Yangiliklar va ko‘p filmlarni asosan tushunaman | |
| Muallif pozitsiyasi bor maqolani o‘qib, fikrini aytib bera olaman | |
| O‘z sohamdagi texnik muhokamaning asosiy mazmunini tushunaman | |
| Tanish odamlar bilan ravon suhbatlashaman, suhbatdosh meni kutib qolmaydi | |
| Munozarada fikrimni dalil bilan himoya qilaman | |
| Masalaning afzallik va kamchiliklarini tushuntira olaman | |
| Batafsil, aniq tuzilgan email yoki hisobot yoza olaman |
Bu ro‘yxat rasmiy baho emas. Uni har 4 haftada qayta to‘ldiring va o‘sishni kuzating.
O‘zbek o‘quvchilari B1 da qolib ketadigan odatlar
| Odat | Nima uchun ushlab turadi | O‘rniga |
|---|---|---|
| Har fikrni very bilan kuchaytirish | Lug‘at bir xil eshitiladi | essential, a huge difference, quite limited |
| And then… and then… | Faqat ketma-ketlik, mantiq yo‘q | As a result, which means that, whereas |
| Present perfect’dan qochish | Hamma narsa past simple bilan aytiladi | I’ve worked here since 2022. |
| Avval o‘zbekcha o‘ylab, keyin tarjima qilish | Javob sekinlashadi, gap tuzilishi o‘zbekcha qoladi | Tayyor qoliplar: The main reason is… |
| Faqat tanish mavzuda gapirish | Qulay, lekin yangi talab yo‘q | Haftasiga ikki notanish mavzu |
Uzoq vaqt bir joyda turib qolgandek his qilsangiz, ingliz tilida plateau’dan chiqish sahifasida zaif ko‘nikmani topish usuli bor.
Mashq 1: to‘g‘ri bog‘lovchini tanlang
Although, whereas, despite, unless, as long as dan birini qo‘ying.
- ______ the heavy traffic, she arrived on time.
- I’ll finish the report today ______ the server goes down again.
- My brother loves big cities, ______ I prefer quiet towns.
- You can work from home ______ you attend the Monday meeting.
- ______ the course was expensive, it was worth it.
Javoblar: 1 — Despite; 2 — unless; 3 — whereas; 4 — as long as; 5 — Although.
Mashq 2: B1 gapni B2 ga ko‘taring
- Online classes are good.
- Smartphones are bad for children.
- Tashkent has a lot of traffic.
Namuna javoblar:
- Online classes can be very effective, especially for working students, as long as the teacher keeps them interactive.
- Smartphones aren’t harmful in themselves, but too much screen time can affect children’s sleep and concentration.
- Traffic in Tashkent has become a serious problem, particularly in the rush hour, which is why many people now prefer the metro.
Sizning javobingiz boshqacha bo‘lishi mumkin. Tekshiring: cheklov, sabab yoki misol qo‘shdingizmi?
BandMate bilan mashq
BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan munozarali mavzularda ovozli suhbat qilishingiz mumkin: Bandi sizning fikringizga qarshi savol beradi, siz esa dalil bilan javob berasiz. Darslar lug‘at va grammatikani takrorlatadi, talaffuz bo‘yicha fikr bildiriladi. Ilova sizga CEFR darajasini rasman belgilamaydi, lekin 12 haftalik rejaning gapirish qismini har kuni bajarishga yordam beradi.
Manbalar
- Council of Europe — CEFR: Common Reference Levels, global scale
- Council of Europe — CEFR: self-assessment grid
