Ingliz tilida pul haqida gapirganda “qimmat” yoki “pulim yo‘q” deyish o‘rniga ko‘pincha idioma ishlatiladi: it cost an arm and a leg — juda qimmatga tushdi, we can barely make ends meet — zo‘rg‘a ro‘zg‘or tebratyapmiz, let’s go Dutch — har kim o‘zi uchun to‘laydi. Quyida 27 ta shunday ibora to‘rt guruhda: narx va xarajat, tejash, pul yetishmasligi yoki ortiqchaligi, ish va daromad. Har birida o‘zbekcha ma’no, misol, uslub va, bor bo‘lsa, o‘zbek maqoli.
Hozir bittasini ishlating: do‘stingizga yangi telefoningiz narxini aytib, It cost me an arm and a leg deng.
Narx va xarajat: 10 ta ibora
| Idioma | Ma’nosi | Misol | Uslub · o‘zbekcha |
|---|---|---|---|
| cost an arm and a leg | juda qimmat turmoq | A wedding hall in the city centre costs an arm and a leg. | norasmiy · narxi osmonda |
| pay through the nose | haddan ortiq to‘lamoq | We paid through the nose for taxis during the holiday. | norasmiy |
| daylight robbery | ochiqdan-ochiq talonchilik (narx haqida) | Fifty thousand soum for a bottle of water? That’s daylight robbery! | norasmiy, Britaniya |
| break the bank | juda ko‘p pul sarflatmoq | A weekend in Zomin won’t break the bank. | neytral, ko‘pincha inkor bilan |
| splash out (on) | biror narsaga saxiylik bilan pul sarflamoq | For Mum’s birthday we splashed out on a gold bracelet. | norasmiy |
| shell out | (istamay) pul to‘lamoq | I had to shell out for a new phone screen. | norasmiy |
| a steal | juda arzon, “tekinga” | These boots were a steal at the Sunday bazaar. | norasmiy |
| go Dutch | har kim o‘zi uchun to‘lamoq | Students usually go Dutch when they eat out. | norasmiy |
| foot the bill | hisobni to‘lamoq | The company footed the bill for our training. | neytral |
| pick up the tab | (hamma uchun) hisobni to‘lamoq | Don’t worry, I’ll pick up the tab tonight. | norasmiy, AQShda ko‘p |
Go Dutch haqida: O‘zbekistonda choyxonada odatda bir kishi hammaning hisobini to‘laydi, shuning uchun bu ibora bizda madaniy farqni ham ko‘rsatadi. Chet ellik hamkasb Shall we go Dutch? desa, xafa bo‘lmang: bu odatiy taklif.
Tejash va ehtiyotkorlik: 6 ta ibora
| Idioma | Ma’nosi | Misol | Uslub · o‘zbekcha |
|---|---|---|---|
| tighten your belt | xarajatni qisqartirmoq | After buying the flat, we had to tighten our belts for a year. | neytral |
| save for a rainy day | qora kun uchun pul yig‘moq | My grandmother always saved something for a rainy day. | neytral · Oq tanga qora kun uchun |
| on a shoestring | juda oz pul bilan | They started their café on a shoestring. | norasmiy |
| penny-pinching | xasislik, har tiyinni sanash | His penny-pinching drives his wife crazy. | salbiy |
| cut your coat according to your cloth | imkoniyatga qarab sarflamoq | We wanted a big wedding, but you have to cut your coat according to your cloth. | eskirgan · Ko‘rpangga qarab oyoq uzat |
| you get what you pay for | arzon narsa sifatsiz bo‘ladi | The cheap charger broke in a week. You get what you pay for. | neytral · Arzonning sho‘rvasi tatimas |
Pul yetishmasa yoki ortiqcha bo‘lsa: 7 ta ibora
| Idioma | Ma’nosi | Misol | Uslub · o‘zbekcha |
|---|---|---|---|
| make ends meet | zo‘rg‘a kun ko‘rmoq | With three kids, they work two jobs to make ends meet. | neytral · ro‘zg‘or tebratmoq |
| live hand to mouth | bir kunlik pul bilan yashamoq | As a student in Moscow, he lived hand to mouth. | neytral |
| flat broke | bir tiyin ham yo‘q | I’m flat broke until payday. | norasmiy |
| strapped for cash | pulga qiynalgan | Sorry, I can’t come to Chimgan, I’m a bit strapped for cash. | norasmiy |
| in the red / in the black | zararda / foydada | The shop was in the red for months, but now it’s in the black. | neytral, biznesda ko‘p |
| have money to burn | ortiqcha puli bor | He buys a new iPhone every year. He must have money to burn. | norasmiy |
| money doesn’t grow on trees | pul osonlikcha kelmaydi | Turn off the lights! Money doesn’t grow on trees. | ota-onalar tilidan |
Broke sifat: I’m broke. I’m broken esa “men singanman” yoki “ruhan ezilganman” degani.
Ish va daromad: 4 ta ibora
| Idioma | Ma’nosi | Misol | Uslub · o‘zbekcha |
|---|---|---|---|
| bring home the bacon | oilani boqmoq, pul topib kelmoq | In our family, both parents bring home the bacon. | hazil, biroz eskirgan |
| make a killing | katta foyda qilmoq | He made a killing selling fans during the heatwave. | norasmiy |
| time is money | vaqt — pul | Let’s start the meeting. Time is money. | neytral · Vaqt — pul |
| easy come, easy go | oson kelgan pul oson ketadi | He won some money online and lost it the next day. Easy come, easy go. | norasmiy · yaqin: Pul — qo‘l kiri |
Oxirgi juftlik to‘liq mos emas: Pul — qo‘l kiri pulning qadrsizligi haqida, inglizcha ibora esa tez kelgan pulning tez ketishi haqida. Ma’noni tushunib, vaziyatga qarab tanlang.
Dialog: to‘y sovg‘asi haqida
Kamola: Have you bought anything for Dilnoza’s wedding yet?
Sardor: Not yet. I’m a bit strapped for cash this month.
Kamola: Me too. The dress I ordered cost an arm and a leg.
Sardor: Why don’t we buy one present together and split it?
Kamola: Good idea. I saw a nice tea set at the bazaar. It was a steal.
Sardor: Perfect. It won’t break the bank, and she loves tea.
Kamola: Then let’s go for coffee after the bazaar. We’ll go Dutch.
Sardor: Deal. Time is money — shall we go on Saturday morning?
Dialogda oltita idioma bor. Ularni topib, har birini o‘zbekcha ma’nosi bilan almashtirib o‘qing.
Tarjimadagi xatolar
| Xato | To‘g‘ri | Sabab |
|---|---|---|
| It cost an arm and leg. | It cost an arm and a leg. | Ikkinchi a tushib qolmaydi |
| I save money for a black day. | I save money for a rainy day. | Ruscha “на чёрный день” kalkasi |
| We paid from the nose. | We paid through the nose. | Predlog through |
| They can’t make the ends meet. | They can’t make ends meet. | Artikl yo‘q |
| I’m broken this week. | I’m broke this week. | Broken — singan |
Idiomalarni IELTS Speaking javobiga ko‘plab tiqmang: pul haqidagi savolga bitta o‘rinli ibora yetarli, qolganini oddiy va aniq so‘zlar bilan ayting.
Mashq: 15 ta gap
1–10: mos idiomani qo‘ying. 11–15: xatoni tuzating.
- A two-room flat near the metro ______. We can’t afford it.
- We only had 300 dollars for the whole trip, so we travelled ______.
- My uncle ______ selling air conditioners last summer.
- The hotel charged us 20 dollars for breakfast. We really ______.
- This jacket was only 150,000 soum. It was ______!
- After I lost my job, we had to ______ for a few months.
- Every month I put a little aside ______.
- Buy a good bike, not the cheapest one. ______.
- On a first date in London, many couples ______.
- I can’t lend you anything. I’m ______ until Friday.
- My parents work hard to make the ends meet.
- She paid from the nose for that dress.
- Don’t buy another car! Money doesn’t grow in trees.
- I am broken, can you pay for me?
- Let’s go Holland and split the bill.
Javoblar
- costs an arm and a leg — juda qimmat; uchinchi shaxs -s.
- on a shoestring — juda oz pul bilan.
- made a killing — katta foyda qildi.
- paid through the nose — haddan ortiq to‘ladik.
- a steal — juda arzon.
- tighten our belts — xarajatni qisqartirish.
- for a rainy day — qora kun uchun.
- You get what you pay for — arzonning sho‘rvasi tatimas.
- go Dutch — har kim o‘zi uchun to‘laydi.
- flat broke (yoki strapped for cash) — pulim yo‘q.
- make ends meet — the ortiqcha.
- paid through the nose — predlog through.
- doesn’t grow on trees — daraxtda on.
- I’m broke — broken boshqa ma’no.
- Let’s go Dutch — ibora qotib qolgan, Dutch o‘rniga mamlakat nomini qo‘yib bo‘lmaydi.
Pul mavzusini Bandi bilan mashq qilish
BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan “pulni qanday tejaysiz”, “eng qimmat xaridingiz” yoki “do‘stlar bilan hisobni kim to‘laydi” mavzularida ovozli suhbat qiling va har javobda bittadan idioma ishlating. Ilova o‘rinli ishlatilganini izohlaydi; bu rasmiy baho emas.
Bank, karta va kredit so‘zlari bank so‘zlari inglizcha sahifasida, bozordagi narx savdosi esa savdolashish inglizcha dialogida. Boshqa kundalik iboralar inglizcha idiomalar ro‘yxatida, salary va wage farqi esa salary, wage va income sahifasida.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
