Inglizchada savdolashish (bargaining yoki haggling) uchun beshta ibora yetadi: How much is it? (narx), That’s a bit expensive (munosabat), Can you do it for 50,000? (o‘z narxingiz), What’s your best price? (oxirgi narx) va Okay, it’s a deal (kelishuv). Sotuvchi tomonida esa asosiy iboralar: It’s handmade, Special price for you, That’s my last price.
Hozir ovoz chiqarib ayting: It’s a bit expensive for me. Can you do it for eighty thousand? Bu gap Chorsu bozorida ham, Istanbulning Katta bozorida ham tushuniladi.
Savdolashish 5 qadamda: xaridor iboralari
| Qadam | Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Narx so‘rash | How much is this scarf? / How much is a kilo of apricots? | Bu ro‘mol qancha? / Bir kilo o‘rik qancha? |
| 2. Munosabat | Hmm, that’s a bit expensive. / That’s more than I wanted to spend. | Biroz qimmat / Mo‘ljallaganimdan ko‘p |
| 3. Taklif | Can you do it for 60,000? / How about 60,000? / Would you take 60,000? | 60 mingga berasizmi? |
| 4. Chegirma yo‘li | What’s your best price? / If I buy two, can you give me a discount? | Oxirgi narx? / Ikkita olsam, arzonroq qilasizmi? |
| 5a. Kelishuv | Okay, it’s a deal. / Fine, I’ll take it. | Kelishdik / Mayli, olaman |
| 5b. Rad etish | Thanks, I’ll think about it. / Maybe later, thank you. | Rahmat, o‘ylab ko‘raman |
Yana ikkita foydali gap: Can I taste it? (tatib ko‘rsam bo‘ladimi? — quruq meva va ziravorlar uchun) va Is the price per kilo or per piece? (narx kilosigami yoki donasigami?).
Sotuvchi aytadi: bozorchi va hunarmand uchun 12 ibora
Bu bo‘lim sotuvchilar, hunarmandlar va sayyohga yordam beradigan har bir kishi uchun.
| Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Qachon |
|---|---|---|
| Come and have a look! | Kelib ko‘ring! | Xaridorni chaqirish |
| Try some, it’s free. | Tatib ko‘ring, bepul | Quruq meva, holva, non |
| It’s handmade. | Qo‘lda ishlangan | Kulolchilik, so‘zana, do‘ppi |
| It’s from Rishtan / from Margilan. | Rishtondan / Marg‘ilondan | Kelib chiqishini aytish |
| It’s 100% silk / natural cotton. | Toza ipak / tabiiy paxta | Faqat rost bo‘lsa aytiladi |
| It’s 80,000 for one, 150,000 for two. | Bittasi 80 ming, ikkitasi 150 ming | To‘plam narxi |
| Special price for you. | Siz uchun alohida narx | Norasmiy, samimiy |
| Okay, 70,000. That’s my last price. | Mayli, 70 ming. Oxirgi narx | Chegaraga yetganda |
| Sorry, I can’t go any lower. | Afsuski, bundan tushirolmayman | Rad etish |
| Do you want a bag? | Paket kerakmi? | Xariddan keyin |
| Do you have smaller notes? | Maydaroq pulingiz bormi? | Qaytim yo‘q bo‘lsa |
| Enjoy it! Come again. | Yaxshi ishlating! Yana keling | Xayrlashish |
Sotuvchi sifatida eng muhim narsa — sonni aniq aytish. Kalkulyator yoki telefon ekranida narxni ko‘rsatish ham juda odatiy va xato ehtimolini kamaytiradi.
Fifteen yoki fifty? Narxdagi eng xavfli adashish
Fifteen (15) va fifty (50) quloqqa o‘xshash eshitiladi. Farq urg‘uda: fif-TEEN (oxirida uzun “iin”) va FIF-ty (boshida urg‘u, oxiri qisqa “ti”). Xuddi shunday thirteen/thirty, fourteen/forty. Bozorda bu xato fifteen thousand o‘rniga fifty thousand degan tushunmovchilikka olib keladi. Ishonchingiz komil bo‘lmasa, so‘rang: Sorry, one-five or five-zero? Katta sonlarni tez aytishni katta sonlarni o‘qish sahifasida mashq qiling.
1-dialog. Chorsu bozorida: siz sotuvchisiz
Siz quruq meva rastasida ishlaysiz. A — Fransiyadan kelgan sayyoh Claire, B — siz. Dialogdagi narxlar misol uchun.
B: Hello! Come and have a look. Dried apricots, raisins, almonds!
A: Hi. What’s this one?
B: Dried apricots from Fergana. Very sweet. Try some, it’s free.
A: Mmm, delicious. How much is a kilo?
B: A hundred and twenty thousand som per kilo.
A: Hmm, that’s a bit expensive. I only need half a kilo. Can you do it for fifty thousand?
B: Fifty? Sorry, I can’t. Half a kilo is sixty thousand. It’s the best quality.
A: And if I also buy some almonds? What’s your best price for both?
B: Half a kilo of apricots and half a kilo of almonds… Okay, a hundred and forty thousand for both.
A: How about a hundred and thirty?
B: A hundred and thirty-five. That’s my last price.
A: Okay, it’s a deal.
B: Here you are. Do you want a bag?
A: No thanks, I have one. Here’s a hundred and fifty thousand.
B: And fifteen thousand change. Enjoy it! Come again.
2-dialog. Chorsu yonida: do‘st yordam beradi
A — Kanadalik sayyoh Ryan, B — kulolchilik buyumlari sotuvchisi, C — Ryanning toshkentlik tanishi Bekzod.
A: Excuse me, how much is this plate?
B: Two hundred thousand. It’s handmade, from Rishtan.
A (Bekzodga): Is that a normal price?
C: It’s a bit high for a plate this size. You can bargain a little here, it’s normal.
A (sotuvchiga): It’s beautiful, but it’s more than I wanted to spend. Would you take a hundred and fifty?
B: A hundred and fifty is too low. A hundred and eighty.
A: What if I buy two small bowls as well?
B: Plate and two bowls… three hundred thousand.
A: Hmm. Two hundred and seventy?
B: Okay, two hundred and eighty. Special price for you.
A (Bekzodga): Is that okay?
C: That’s fair. The quality is good.
A: Great, I’ll take them. Can you wrap them carefully? I’m flying home tomorrow.
B: Of course. I’ll use paper.
Bekzodning gapiga e’tibor bering: You can bargain a little here, it’s normal. Sayyohga yordam berayotganda “qancha tushirish kerak” deb aniq foiz aytish shart emas; That’s fair yoki It’s a bit high degan baho yetarli.
3-dialog. Chet eldagi buyum bozorida: siz xaridorsiz
Yevropadagi dam olish kunlari bo‘ladigan eski buyumlar bozori (flea market). A — siz, B — sotuvchi.
A: Hi. How much is this camera?
B: Forty euros. It still works perfectly.
A: It looks great. Would you take thirty?
B: Thirty’s a bit low. Thirty-five, and I’ll give you the case as well.
A: Okay, thirty-five with the case. Deal.
B: Lovely. Cash only, I’m afraid.
A: No problem. Here you go.
Ko‘p Yevropa va Amerika shaharlarida oddiy do‘konlarda savdolashilmaydi, lekin flea market, car boot sale (mashina yukxonasidan sotiladigan eski buyumlar bozori) va ikkinchi qo‘l buyumlarda muloyim taklif qilish odatiy. Ohang Chorsudagiga qaraganda yumshoqroq: bir-ikki taklif va tamom.
Madaniy eslatmalar: qayerda savdolashiladi
- Bozorda — ha, supermarketda — yo‘q. O‘zbekiston bozorlarida meva, ziravor, suvenir va kiyim uchun savdolashish odatiy. Narx yozib qo‘yilgan do‘kon, supermarket va kafelarda odatda savdolashilmaydi. Do‘kondagi vaziyatlar do‘konda inglizcha dialog sahifasida.
- Olmoqchi bo‘lmasangiz, boshlamang. Narx kelishilgandan keyin ketib qolish sotuvchiga nisbatan hurmatsizlik hisoblanadi.
- Tabassum bilan. Savdolashish o‘yinga o‘xshaydi; hazil va It’s beautiful, but… degan maqtov qattiq taklifdan ko‘ra yaxshiroq ishlaydi.
- Kilo va dona. Meva va quruq meva odatda kilolab sotiladi: half a kilo, two kilos. Mevalar nomi food vocabulary sahifasida.
- Ish muzokarasi boshqa narsa. Bozordagi Can you do it for…? hamkorlar bilan shartnoma muhokamasiga to‘g‘ri kelmaydi; u yerdagi rasmiy iboralar English negotiation phrases sahifasida.
Bozorda ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar
| Xato | To‘g‘ri | Izoh |
|---|---|---|
| How many is it? | How much is it? | Narx — how much. |
| Make cheaper, please. | Can you make it a bit cheaper? / Can you do a better price? | To‘liq, muloyim gap. |
| Last price? (yolg‘iz) | What’s your last price? | Qisqa shakl qo‘pol eshitilishi mumkin. |
| I give you fifty. | I’ll give you fifty. / How about fifty? | Taklifda will. |
| It is very expensive! (birinchi gap) | It’s a bit expensive for me. | A bit ohangni yumshatadi. |
| One kilo apricot. | A kilo of apricots. | Of va ko‘plik. |
Rol mashqi: ikki tomondan
Xaridor sifatida:
- 1. Ro‘molning narxini so‘rang.
- 2. Narx qimmat ekanini muloyim ayting va 100 000 so‘m taklif qiling.
- 3. Ikkita olsangiz, chegirma so‘rang.
- 4. Narx to‘g‘ri kelmadi. Muloyim rad eting.
Sotuvchi sifatida:
- 5. Sayyohni rastangizga chaqiring va tatib ko‘rishni taklif qiling.
- 6. Buyum qo‘lda ishlangani va Marg‘ilondan ekanini ayting.
- 7. Bundan arzon bera olmasligingizni ayting.
- 8. Qaytim yo‘qligini aytib, maydaroq pul so‘rang.
Namuna javoblar
1 — Excuse me, how much is this scarf?
2 — It’s lovely, but it’s a bit expensive for me. Can you do it for a hundred thousand?
3 — If I buy two, can you give me a discount?
4 — Thanks, but it’s more than I wanted to spend. Maybe later.
5 — Hello! Come and have a look. Try some, it’s free.
6 — It’s handmade, from Margilan. Real silk. (faqat rost bo‘lsa)
7 — Sorry, I can’t go any lower. That’s my last price.
8 — Sorry, I don’t have change. Do you have smaller notes?
Narx aytishni Bandi bilan mashq qiling
Savdolashishda eng ko‘p chalkashadigan narsa — sonlar va tezlik. BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan ovozli rol o‘yini qiling: avval u sotuvchi, siz xaridor, keyin aksincha. Fifteen va fifty kabi o‘xshash sonlarni qanday talaffuz qilganingizga ilova izoh beradi, grammatik xatolarni ham ko‘rsatadi. Toshkentni chet ellikka ingliz tilida qanday tasvirlashni o‘rganmoqchi bo‘lsangiz, Tashkent in English sahifasiga o‘ting.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
