Kvartira ijarasi inglizcha: savollar, ko‘rish va shartnoma

Chet elda kvartira ijaraga olayotganda inglizchada to‘rt narsani aniq so‘rash kerak: oylik narx va unga nima kiradi, deposit qancha va qachon qaytadi, shartnoma qancha muddatga va uni qanday bekor qilish mumkin, buzilgan narsani kim tuzatadi. Quyida e’longa qo‘ng‘iroqdan tortib ko‘chib kirgandan keyingi muammogacha beshta to‘liq dialog bor, har biridan keyin o‘zbekcha izoh.

Dialoglardagi summalar va shartlar misol uchun olingan. Ijara qonunlari davlatga, hatto shaharga qarab farq qiladi va o‘zgarib turadi: masalan, Angliyada ijara qoidalari 2026-yilda yangilangan. Shartnoma imzolashdan oldin o‘sha davlat hukumatining rasmiy saytini tekshiring.

Avval asosiy so‘zlar

1-dialog: e’longa qo‘ng‘iroq

Agent: Good morning, City Lettings. How can I help?

Siz: Hi. I’m calling about the one-bedroom flat on Park Road. Is it still available?

Agent: Yes, it is. It’s available from the first of November.

Siz: Great. How much is the rent?

Agent: It’s nine hundred a month.

Siz: Are bills included?

Agent: No, bills aren’t included. You’d pay electricity, gas, water and internet separately.

Siz: Do you know roughly how much the bills are per month?

Agent: The last tenant paid around a hundred and fifty, but it depends on usage.

Siz: OK. Is it furnished?

Agent: Yes, it’s fully furnished.

Siz: Could I arrange a viewing?

Agent: Sure. Are you free on Thursday at five?

Siz: Thursday at five is perfect. What’s the exact address?

Izohlar:

• I’m calling about… — … bo‘yicha qo‘ng‘iroq qilyapman. Suhbatni birinchi gapda mavzuga olib kiradi.
• Is it still available? — hali bo‘shmi? Birinchi beriladigan savol.
• Are bills included? — kommunal to‘lovlar narxga kiradimi? Juda muhim: “900” va “900 + bills” orasida katta farq bor.
• Roughly — taxminan. Aniq raqam so‘ramasdan chamani bilish usuli.

2-dialog: kvartirani ko‘rish

Agent: So, this is the living room, and the kitchen is through here.

Siz: It’s bright. Which way do the windows face?

Agent: South, so you get the sun most of the day.

Siz: How is the flat heated?

Agent: There’s central heating. The boiler was replaced last year.

Siz: Is there any damp or mould? I can see a dark mark on the bathroom ceiling.

Agent: That was a small leak from upstairs. It’s been fixed, but I’ll ask the landlord to repaint it.

Siz: Could you put that in writing, please?

Agent: Of course.

Siz: Can I check the water pressure in the shower?

Agent: Go ahead.

Siz: And what’s the internet like here?

Agent: Most tenants use fibre broadband. You’d need to set it up yourself.

Siz: How far is it to the nearest bus stop?

Agent: About five minutes on foot. The train station is fifteen minutes away.

Siz: Is it quiet at night?

Agent: Yes, it’s mostly families in this building.

Izohlar:

• Which way do the windows face? — derazalar qaysi tomonga qaragan? Isitish va yorug‘lik uchun muhim.
• Damp / mould — namlik / mog‘or. Sovuq va nam iqlimli davlatlarda eng ko‘p uchraydigan muammo; devor burchaklari va deraza atrofiga qarang.
• Could you put that in writing? — buni yozma ravishda bera olasizmi? Og‘zaki va’dani yozma qilish odati.
• Water pressure — suv bosimi. Dushni o‘zingiz ochib ko‘rish normal holat.

3-dialog: pul, deposit va hujjatlar

Siz: I’m interested in the flat. What do I need to pay before I move in?

Agent: One month’s rent in advance and a deposit of five weeks’ rent.

Siz: Where is the deposit held?

Agent: It’s protected in a government-approved deposit scheme. You’ll get the details after you sign.

Siz: When do I get it back?

Agent: At the end of the tenancy, after the final inspection. We can only deduct money for damage or unpaid rent.

Siz: What documents do you need from me?

Agent: Your passport, your visa or residence permit, and proof of income or a reference from your employer.

Siz: I’m a student. I don’t have a salary here.

Agent: Then you’ll need a guarantor, or some landlords accept a few months’ rent in advance.

Siz: Is there a holding deposit to reserve the flat?

Agent: Yes, one week’s rent. It’s taken off your first payment.

Izohlar:

• In advance — oldindan. One month’s rent in advance — birinchi oy puli oldindan.
• Where is the deposit held? — garov puli qayerda saqlanadi? Angliyada ko‘p ijaralarda uy egasi depositni davlat tasdiqlagan himoya sxemasiga qo‘yishi shart. Boshqa davlatlarda qoidalar boshqa.
• Deduct — ushlab qolmoq. Unpaid rent — to‘lanmagan ijara.
• Guarantor — kafil: siz to‘lay olmasangiz, uning o‘rniga to‘laydigan odam. Chet eldagi talabalardan ko‘p so‘raladi.
• Holding deposit — kvartirani band qilish uchun kichik to‘lov.

4-dialog: shartnoma shartlari

Siz: Before I sign, could I ask a few questions about the contract?

Landlord: Of course.

Siz: How long is the tenancy?

Landlord: It’s a rolling contract, month to month.

Siz: How much notice do I need to give if I want to move out?

Landlord: Two months’ notice, in writing.

Siz: Can the rent go up during the tenancy?

Landlord: I review it once a year, and I’d tell you in advance.

Siz: Who is responsible for repairs?

Landlord: I handle anything to do with the building, heating, plumbing and appliances. You just need to report problems quickly.

Siz: Am I allowed to put pictures on the walls?

Landlord: Small nails are fine. Please ask before you paint anything.

Siz: What about guests? My parents might visit from Uzbekistan for a month.

Landlord: That’s fine for a visit. Just let me know the dates.

Siz: And is professional cleaning required when I move out?

Landlord: No, just leave it as clean as you found it.

Izohlar:

• Rolling contract / month to month — har oy avtomatik uzayadigan shartnoma. Fixed-term — aniq muddatli (masalan, 12 oy).
• Give notice — oldindan ogohlantirmoq. Two months’ notice, in writing — ikki oy oldin, yozma shaklda.
• Who is responsible for repairs? — ta’mir uchun kim javobgar? O‘zbekcha “remont” so‘zini ishlatmang: tuzatish repairs, to‘liq yangilash renovation.
• Am I allowed to…? — …ga ruxsat bormi? Uy hayvoni (pets), mehmon, boshqaga ijaraga berish (subletting) haqida ham shunday so‘rang.
• Leave it as clean as you found it — qanday toza olgan bo‘lsangiz, shunday topshiring. Ko‘chib kirgan kuni har bir xonani suratga oling.

5-dialog: ko‘chib kirgandan keyin muammo

Siz: Hi, it’s Aziz from flat 4. Sorry to bother you, but the boiler stopped working last night.

Landlord: Oh no. Is there any hot water?

Siz: No, no hot water and no heating. The display shows an error code, F28.

Landlord: OK, I’ll call a plumber. When are you at home?

Siz: I’m at home all day tomorrow, or after six today.

Landlord: I’ll try to get someone there this evening. Can he use the spare key if you’re out?

Siz: I’d rather be here, if that’s OK. Could you text me the time?

Landlord: Sure, I’ll send you a message as soon as I hear back.

Siz: Thank you. Also, the kitchen tap has been dripping for a few days. Could the plumber look at it too?

Landlord: Good idea. I’ll let him know.

Izohlar:

• Sorry to bother you — bezovta qilganim uchun uzr. Muloyim boshlash.
• The boiler stopped working — qozon ishlamay qoldi. There’s no hot water deng, The hot water is not emas.
• I’d rather be here — o‘zim bo‘lganim ma’qul. Kalitni boshqalarga berishdan muloyim bosh tortish.
• Has been dripping for a few days — bir necha kundan beri tomchilayapti (Present Perfect Continuous).

Shu muammoni yozma xabar bilan ham yuborish mumkin, bu keyinchalik dalil bo‘ladi:

Hi Mr Taylor, the boiler in flat 4 stopped working last night (error F28), so there is no heating or hot water. I’m at home tomorrow all day. Could you arrange a repair? Thanks, Aziz

O‘zbek o‘rganuvchilar ko‘p adashadigan joylar

Firibgarlikdan ehtiyot bo‘ling

Uy egasi “chet eldaman, kvartirani ko‘rsata olmayman, avval depositni pul o‘tkazmasi bilan yuboring” desa, bu klassik firibgarlik belgisi. Kvartirani ko‘rmasdan va shartnomani o‘qimasdan pul yubormang. Shubha bo‘lsa, I’d like to see the flat and the contract before I pay anything deng.

Mashq: bo‘sh joyni to‘ldiring

Har bir bo‘sh joyga bitta so‘z yozing.

1. I’m calling about the flat on Park Road. Is it still ______?
2. Are bills ______ in the rent?
3. Is the flat furnished or ______?
4. Could I arrange a ______ for Thursday?
5. Is there any damp or ______ in the bathroom?
6. The ______ is five weeks’ rent.
7. As a student, you’ll need a ______ who can pay if you can’t.
8. How much ______ do I need to give before I move out?
9. Who is ______ for repairs?
10. Sorry to ______ you, but the boiler has stopped working.

Javoblar: 1 — available; 2 — included; 3 — unfurnished; 4 — viewing; 5 — mould (AmE mold); 6 — deposit; 7 — guarantor; 8 — notice; 9 — responsible; 10 — bother.

Qanday mashq qilish kerak

1. Qo‘ng‘iroqdan oldin kerakli 8–10 savolni telefoningizga yozib oling va ko‘rish paytida ro‘yxatdan belgilab boring.
2. 1-dialogni sherik bilan o‘ynang; sherik narx, sana va shartlarni o‘zgartirsin.
3. Telefonda tushunmay qolsangiz, qayta so‘rash iboralari inglizcha telefon suhbati sahifasida bor.

Uy mavzusi IELTS Speaking Part 1’da ham keladi: Do you live in a house or a flat? Bu savollarga javob namunalari Part 1 home va accommodation sahifasida. Safarga oid boshqa iboralar esa sayohat uchun 60 ta inglizcha ibora sahifasida.

BandMate bilan rol o‘ynash

BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan ovozli suhbatda agent yoki uy egasi rolini o‘ynatib, narx, deposit va shartnoma haqidagi savollarni ovoz chiqarib mashq qilishingiz mumkin. Ilova talaffuz bo‘yicha fikr beradi. U huquqiy maslahat bermaydi: shartnoma shartlarini doim rasmiy manba yoki mutaxassis bilan tekshiring.

Manbalar

• GOV.UK: Tenancy deposit protection — Angliyada ijarachi depositini himoya qilish qoidalari.
• GOV.UK: How to rent — Angliyadagi ijara qo‘llanmasi va 2026-yildagi o‘zgarishlar haqida izoh.

BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling