Shifokorda inglizcha gaplashish uchta ishdan iborat: simptomni aytish (I’ve had a stomach ache since Monday), savollarga qisqa va aniq javob berish (It’s worse at night. About six out of ten) va retseptni tushunib, qaytarib aytish (So, one tablet twice a day after meals?). Shifokor sizni tushunmasa emas, siz shifokorni tushunmasangiz xavfli, shuning uchun eng muhim gap: Sorry, could you explain that more simply?
Bu sahifa faqat til haqida. Tibbiy maslahat bermaydi: dialoglardagi dori va tavsiyalar namuna, o‘zingiz uchun qaror shifokor bilan qabul qilinadi.
Simptomni aytish: 8 ta qolip
Qabulga kirishdan oldin shu qoliplardan uchtasini o‘zingizga moslab yozib oling. Hayajonda so‘z esdan chiqadi, qog‘oz esa chiqmaydi.
| Qolip | Misol | O‘zbekcha |
|---|---|---|
| I’ve got a… | I’ve got a bad cough. | Qattiq yo‘talim bor |
| My … hurts. | My lower back hurts. | Belimning pasti og‘riyapti |
| I feel… | I feel dizzy and tired. | Boshim aylanyapti, holsizman |
| It started… | It started three days ago. | Uch kun oldin boshlandi |
| I’ve had it for / since… | I’ve had this rash since Friday. | Juma kunidan beri toshma bor |
| It’s worse when… | It’s worse when I lie down. | Yotganimda kuchayadi |
| It comes and goes. | The pain comes and goes. | Og‘riq kelib-ketib turadi |
| I’ve already taken… | I’ve already taken paracetamol. | Paratsetamol ichdim |
Og‘riq so‘zlari (ache, sore, pain, hurt) orasidagi farq va kasalliklar nomlari kasalliklar nomi inglizcha sahifasida batafsil berilgan.
Shifokor beradigan savollar: siz eshitasiz
| Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Javob namunasi |
|---|---|---|
| What seems to be the problem? | Nima bezovta qilyapti? | I’ve got a pain in my stomach. |
| When did it start? | Qachon boshlandi? | On Sunday evening. |
| Where exactly does it hurt? | Aniq qayeri og‘riyapti? | Here, on the right side. |
| Can you describe the pain? | Og‘riqni tasvirlab bering | It’s a sharp pain. / It’s a dull ache. |
| On a scale of one to ten…? | 1 dan 10 gacha qanchalik? | About six. |
| Is it constant, or does it come and go? | Doimiymi yoki kelib-ketadimi? | It comes and goes. |
| Have you got a temperature? | Haroratingiz bormi? | Yes, 38 this morning. |
| Are you taking any medication? | Biror dori ichyapsizmi? | Only vitamins. |
| Are you allergic to anything? | Biror narsaga allergiyangiz bormi? | Yes, to penicillin. |
| Do you have any long-term conditions? | Surunkali kasalligingiz bormi? | No, none. |
| Have you eaten anything unusual? | G‘ayrioddiy narsa yedingizmi? | I had street food on Saturday. |
| Could you lie down on the couch? | Kushetkaga yoting | Sure. |
| Does it hurt when I press here? | Bu yerni bossam og‘riydimi? | Yes, a little. / Ouch, yes! |
| Take a deep breath in… and out. | Chuqur nafas oling… chiqaring | — |
| I’d like you to have a blood test. | Qon tahlili topshiring | Where do I go for that? |
Sharp pain — sanchiqli, keskin og‘riq; dull ache — to‘mtoq, zirqirab turadigan og‘riq. Shifokor aynan shu farqni so‘raydi, shuning uchun ikkalasini yodlang.
1-dialog. Chet elda: qorin og‘rig‘i bilan klinikada
A — Myunxenda ishlayotgan muhandis Jasur, B — shifokor. Qabulga yozilish qismi doctor appointment English sahifasida; bu yerda xonaga kirgandan keyingi suhbat.
B: Good morning, Mr Tursunov. Have a seat. What seems to be the problem?
A: Good morning. I’ve had a pain in my stomach since Sunday evening.
B: I see. Where exactly does it hurt?
A: Mostly here, in the middle, just above my belly button.
B: Is the pain constant, or does it come and go?
A: It comes and goes. It’s worse after I eat.
B: On a scale of one to ten, how bad is it?
A: Usually about five. Last night it was seven.
B: Any other symptoms? Nausea, a temperature?
A: I felt a bit sick yesterday, but I haven’t got a temperature.
B: Have you eaten anything unusual recently?
A: Not really. But I’ve been drinking a lot of coffee because of a deadline.
B: Are you taking any medication at the moment?
A: No, nothing.
B: Okay. Could you lie down on the couch for me? Does it hurt when I press here?
A: Yes, a little.
B: And here?
A: No, that’s fine.
B: Right. It doesn’t look serious, but I’d like you to have a blood test to be sure. I’m also going to prescribe something to protect your stomach.
A: Sorry, what does “prescribe” mean exactly?
B: It means I’ll give you a prescription, a paper for the pharmacy, so you can get the medicine.
A: Ah, okay. Thank you.
Jasur tushunmagan so‘zni uyalmasdan so‘radi. Tibbiyotda bu odatiy: Sorry, I don’t understand that word deyish sizning haqingiz.
2-dialog. Toshkentda: chet ellik hamkasbga tarjimon bo‘lasiz
Britaniyalik hamkasbingiz Tom Chimgonda sayrda oyog‘ini burab oldi. Siz uni Toshkentdagi xususiy klinikaga olib keldingiz. Shifokor o‘zbekcha gapiradi, siz Tomga inglizcha yetkazasiz. A — siz, B — Tom.
A: Tom, the doctor is asking how exactly you fell.
B: I stepped on a stone and my foot turned inwards.
A: Okay, I’ve told her. She wants to know if you heard a sound, like a crack.
B: No, I don’t think so.
A: Can you move your toes?
B: Yes, but it hurts to stand on it.
A: She says it’s probably a sprain, not a break. But she wants an X-ray to be sure.
B: Fine. Is that here in the clinic?
A: Yes, on the second floor. We don’t need to go anywhere else.
Rentgendan keyin:
A: Good news. It isn’t broken. It’s a bad sprain.
B: What a relief. What do I need to do?
A: She says keep your foot up, put ice on it, and don’t walk much for a few days. She’s writing the name of a cream and some painkillers.
B: Could you ask her if I can fly home next week?
A: She says yes, but ask for an aisle seat and move your foot during the flight.
B: Great. Thank you so much for translating. I couldn’t do this without you.
A: No problem. Let’s get you to the pharmacy.
Tarjimon sifatida She says…, She wants to know…, She’s asking if… qoliplari juda qo‘l keladi: gapni o‘zingizdan emas, shifokordan yetkazayotganingiz aniq bo‘ladi. Dorixonada nima deyishni dorixonada inglizcha sahifasidan ko‘ring.
3-dialog. Qabul oxirida: retsept va keyingi qadam
A — Toronto universitetida o‘qiyotgan Nilufar, B — shifokor. Tashxis qo‘yildi, endi eng muhim qism: ko‘rsatmani to‘g‘ri tushunish.
B: So, it’s a throat infection. I’m giving you a course of antibiotics.
A: How do I take them?
B: One tablet three times a day, with food, for seven days.
A: Let me check I’ve got that right. One tablet, three times a day, with meals, for a week?
B: Exactly. And please finish the whole course, even if you feel better after three days.
A: Okay. Are there any side effects?
B: Some people get an upset stomach. If you get a rash or have trouble breathing, stop taking them and call us straight away.
A: Understood. Can I still go to lectures?
B: Stay at home for the next two days. I can write you a sick note for the university.
A: Yes, please. Do I need to come back?
B: Only if you don’t feel better in a week. Book another appointment at reception.
A: Thank you, doctor.
Retsept iboralari:
- a course of antibiotics — antibiotik kursi
- three times a day — kuniga uch mahal; twice a day — ikki mahal
- with food / after meals / on an empty stomach — ovqat bilan / ovqatdan keyin / och qoringa
- side effects — nojo‘ya ta’sirlar
- a sick note — kasallik haqida ma’lumotnoma
- a follow-up appointment — nazorat qabuli
Nilufar ko‘rsatmani o‘z so‘zlari bilan qaytarib aytdi (Let me check I’ve got that right…). Bu eng foydali odat: xato shu yerda ushlanadi.
Qabulda o‘zbek va rus tilida gapiruvchilar yo‘l qo‘yadigan xatolar
| Xato | To‘g‘ri | Izoh |
|---|---|---|
| My stomach is ill. | I’ve got a stomach ache. | A’zo “kasal” bo‘lmaydi, og‘riydi. |
| I have temperature. | I’ve got a temperature. / I’ve got a fever. | A artikli kerak. |
| I am sick three days. | I’ve been ill for three days. | Davom etayotgan holat: Present Perfect + for. |
| I drank a pill. | I took a pill. | Dori “ichiladi” emas, take qilinadi. |
| Write me some medicine. | Could you prescribe something for it? | Dori prescribe qilinadi. |
| I have pressure. | I’ve got high blood pressure. | Ruscha “давление” to‘liq aytiladi. |
| Ichim og‘riyapti → My inside hurts. | I’ve got a stomach ache. | Joyini aniq ko‘rsating: here. |
Rol mashqi: 8 ta vaziyat
- 1. Shifokorga ikki kundan beri tomog‘ingiz og‘riyotganini ayting.
- 2. Og‘riq ovqatdan keyin kuchayishini ayting.
- 3. Shifokor Are you allergic to anything? dedi. Sizda yong‘oqqa allergiya bor.
- 4. Shifokor prescription so‘zini ishlatdi, siz tushunmadingiz.
- 5. Ko‘rsatmani qaytarib tekshiring: ikki tabletka, kuniga ikki mahal, ovqatdan keyin.
- 6. Universitet uchun ma’lumotnoma so‘rang.
- 7. Siz tarjimonsiz: chet ellik mehmonga shifokor harorati bor-yo‘qligini so‘rayotganini yetkazing.
- 8. Siz tarjimonsiz: shifokor rentgen kerak deyapti.
Javoblar
1 — I’ve had a sore throat for two days.
2 — It’s worse after I eat.
3 — Yes, I’m allergic to nuts.
4 — Sorry, what does “prescription” mean?
5 — Let me check: two tablets, twice a day, after meals?
6 — Could you write me a sick note for the university, please?
7 — The doctor is asking if you’ve got a temperature.
8 — She says you need an X-ray to be sure.
Favqulodda vaziyatlar haqida eslatma
Qabul — rejali tashrif. Og‘ir holatda qabul kutilmaydi: turgan mamlakatingizning tez yordam raqamini oldindan bilib qo‘ying va telefoningizga yozib oling. Bu raqamlar davlatga qarab farq qiladi, ularni shu mamlakatning rasmiy saytidan tekshiring. Telefonda qanday gapirish kerakligi favqulodda yordam so‘rash inglizcha sahifasida.
Qabul suhbatini Bandi bilan tayyorlang
BandMate ilovasida Bandidan shifokor rolini o‘ynashni so‘rang: u sizga yuqoridagi savollarni beradi, siz esa o‘z simptomingizni tasvirlaysiz. Ilova Present Perfect va artikl xatolarini ko‘rsatadi, stomach, throat, temperature kabi so‘zlar talaffuziga izoh beradi. Bu mashq tibbiy maslahat emas, faqat tilni tayyorlaydi. Chet elga ketishdan oldin 1-dialogni o‘z ismingiz bilan ikki marta ovoz chiqarib o‘qing.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
