Dorixona ingliz tilida pharmacy (Britaniyada so‘zlashuvda chemist’s, Amerikada drugstore), farmatsevt — pharmacist, dori — medicine, shifokor yozib bergan retsept — prescription. Retseptsiz sotiladigan dori — over the counter. Dori so‘rash uchun eng oddiy qolip: Have you got anything for a sore throat? Dori “ichilmaydi”, olinadi: take a tablet.
Bu sahifa til o‘rganish uchun. Qaysi dorini, qancha va qanday olishni har doim farmatsevt yoki shifokor bilan aniqlang.
Dori turlari
| № | Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tablet, pill | tabletka | Take one tablet with a glass of water. |
| 2 | capsule | kapsula | Swallow the capsule whole; don’t open it. |
| 3 | syrup, cough mixture | sirop, yo‘tal siropi | This cough syrup tastes of cherry. |
| 4 | drops | tomchi | Put two drops in each eye. |
| 5 | eye drops / ear drops | ko‘z / quloq tomchisi | Do you sell eye drops for dry eyes? |
| 6 | nasal spray | burun spreyi | A nasal spray can help with a blocked nose. |
| 7 | ointment | malham | Rub the ointment gently into the skin. |
| 8 | cream | krem | I need a cream for insect bites. |
| 9 | lozenges, throat sweets | so‘rib yutiladigan tabletka | Suck a lozenge slowly; don’t chew it. |
| 10 | sachet, powder | poroshok (paketchada) | Dissolve one sachet in warm water. |
| 11 | inhaler | ingalyator | She always has her inhaler in her bag. |
| 12 | injection | ukol | The nurse gave me an injection. |
| 13 | painkiller | og‘riq qoldiruvchi | Can I buy painkillers without a prescription? |
| 14 | antibiotics | antibiotik | Antibiotics don’t work against a cold. |
| 15 | antihistamine | allergiyaga qarshi dori | The pharmacist suggested an antihistamine for my hay fever. |
| 16 | vitamins | vitaminlar | My mum takes vitamin D in winter. |
Talaffuz: pharmacy /ˈfɑːməsi/ — ph = /f/, urg‘u birinchi bo‘g‘inda. Ointment /ˈɔɪntmənt/ — “oyntment”. Syrup /ˈsɪrəp/ — “sirep”. Capsule /ˈkæpsjuːl/ — “kepsyul”.
Birinchi yordam va dorixonadagi boshqa narsalar
| № | Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| 17 | plasters (UK), Band-Aids (US) | leykoplastir | A box of plasters, please. |
| 18 | bandage | bint | Wrap the bandage around your ankle. |
| 19 | antiseptic | antiseptik | Clean the cut with antiseptic. |
| 20 | thermometer | termometr | I need a digital thermometer. |
| 21 | cotton wool (UK), cotton balls (US) | paxta | Put some antiseptic on cotton wool. |
| 22 | sun cream, sunscreen | quyoshdan himoya kremi | Do you have sun cream for children? |
| 23 | leaflet | dori ichidagi yo‘riqnoma | Read the leaflet before you start. |
| 24 | side effects | nojo‘ya ta’sirlar | Does it have any side effects? |
| 25 | expiry date | yaroqlilik muddati | Check the expiry date on the box. |
Yorliqni o‘qish: doza iboralari
Quyidagi iboralar ingliz tilidagi dori qutilari va yorliqlarida tez-tez uchraydi. Raqamlar misol uchun berilgan; o‘z dozangizni qutidan va farmatsevtdan bilib oling.
| Yorliqda | Ma’nosi |
|---|---|
| Take one tablet three times a day. | Kuniga uch marta bittadan. |
| Take with food / after meals. | Ovqat bilan / ovqatdan keyin. |
| Take on an empty stomach. | Och qoringa. |
| Swallow whole with water. Do not chew. | Butunligicha suv bilan yuting, chaynamang. |
| Leave at least 4 hours between doses. | Ikki qabul orasida kamida 4 soat. |
| Do not exceed the stated dose. | Ko‘rsatilgan dozadan oshirmang. |
| Shake well before use. | Ishlatishdan oldin yaxshilab chayqating. |
| For external use only. | Faqat tashqi foydalanish uchun (ichilmaydi). |
| May cause drowsiness. If affected, do not drive. | Uyqu keltirishi mumkin; shunday bo‘lsa, mashina haydamang. |
| Complete the course. | Kursni oxirigacha tugating. |
| Keep out of the sight and reach of children. | Bolalar ko‘rmaydigan va yeta olmaydigan joyda saqlang. |
| Store below 25°C. | 25°C dan past haroratda saqlang. |
| EXP 03/2027 | Yaroqlilik muddati: 2027-yil mart. |
Britaniya retseptlaridagi qisqartmalar. Shifokor yozuvida lotincha qisqartmalar uchraydi: od — kuniga bir marta, bd — kuniga ikki marta, tds — kuniga uch marta, qds — kuniga to‘rt marta, prn — kerak bo‘lganda. Farmatsevt odatda ularni qutiga oddiy inglizcha qilib yozib beradi. Tushunmasangiz, so‘rang: Could you write it on the box, please?
Dialog 1: chet elda, retseptsiz dori so‘rash
Seulda o‘qiyotgan Bekzod ingliz tilida gapiradigan farmatsevtga murojaat qildi. Mashq uchun yozilgan dialog.
Pharmacist: Hello. How can I help you?
Bekzod: Hi. Have you got anything for a sore throat and a cough?
Pharmacist: Is it for you?
Bekzod: Yes, it’s for me.
Pharmacist: How long have you had it?
Bekzod: About three days. It’s a dry cough, and it’s worse at night.
Pharmacist: Do you have a temperature?
Bekzod: No, I don’t think so.
Pharmacist: Are you taking any other medicines? Any allergies?
Bekzod: No other medicines. I’m not allergic to anything.
Pharmacist: OK. These lozenges will soothe your throat, and this is a syrup for a dry cough. The dose is on the label. Don’t take more than it says.
Bekzod: Does the syrup make you sleepy?
Pharmacist: It might, so take it in the evening. And drink plenty of warm water. If you’re not better in a week, or if you get a high temperature, please see a doctor.
Bekzod: Thank you. How much is that altogether?
Farmatsevtning savollariga e’tibor bering: kim uchun, qachondan beri, boshqa dori ichyapsizmi, allergiya bormi. Javobni oldindan tayyorlab qo‘ysangiz, suhbat oson kechadi. Alomatlarni aniq aytish uchun so‘zlar kasalliklar nomi inglizcha sahifasida.
Dialog 2: Samarqanddagi dorixonada sayyohga yordam
Endi rollar almashadi: siz Samarqanddagi dorixonada ishlaysiz, oldingizga ko‘p yurib oyog‘ini qavartirgan sayyoh keldi.
Tourist: Hello, do you speak English?
Siz: Yes, a little. How can I help?
Tourist: I’ve been walking all day and I have blisters on my feet.
Siz: I see. We have blister plasters. They’re softer than normal plasters.
Tourist: Great. Is one box enough?
Siz: There are six in a box. Clean the skin first. Here’s an antiseptic spray.
Tourist: How do I use it?
Siz: Spray it on the skin, wait a minute, then put the plaster on. It’s for external use only.
Tourist: Perfect. Can I pay by card?
Siz: Yes, of course. And if it gets red or very painful, please see a doctor.
Mutaxassis kerak bo‘lsa, qaysi shifokorga borishni aytish uchun shifokorlar nomi inglizcha sahifasi foydali.
Ko‘p uchraydigan xatolar
| Xato | To‘g‘ri | Izoh |
|---|---|---|
| I drink tablets. | I take tablets. | Dori uchun take. Siropni ham take. |
| Give me a recipe. | Here’s my prescription. | Recipe — faqat ovqat retsepti. |
| Tablets from headache. | Something for a headache. | “…dan” emas, for. |
| Where is apteka? | Where’s the nearest pharmacy? | Apteka inglizcha emas. |
| I need medicaments. | I need some medicine. | Medicament kam ishlatiladi. |
| Two plaster. | Two plasters / a box of plasters. | Ko‘plikni unutmang. |
Yana bir nozik nuqta: drugs so‘zi kontekstga qarab dori ma’nosini ham beradi, lekin kundalik gapda ko‘pincha giyohvand moddalarni eslatadi. Dorixonada medicine deng.
Mashq
A. Inglizcha ayting.
- 1. malham
- 2. leykoplastir
- 3. ko‘z tomchisi
- 4. yaroqlilik muddati
- 5. retsept (shifokor yozgan)
B. Yorliqdagi iborani tarjima qiling.
- 6. Shake well before use.
- 7. Take on an empty stomach.
- 8. For external use only.
C. Bo‘sh joyni to‘ldiring: take, for, counter, dose, leaflet.
- 9. Have you got anything ______ a runny nose?
- 10. Can I buy this over the ______?
- 11. Please read the ______ before you start.
- 12. ______ one capsule twice a day.
- 13. Don’t take more than the stated ______.
Javoblar
1 — ointment; 2 — plasters (US: Band-Aids); 3 — eye drops; 4 — expiry date; 5 — prescription; 6 — Ishlatishdan oldin yaxshilab chayqating; 7 — Och qoringa iching; 8 — Faqat tashqi foydalanish uchun; 9 — for; 10 — counter; 11 — leaflet; 12 — Take; 13 — dose.
Shifokor qabulidan dorixonagacha bo‘lgan butun jarayon uchun shifokor qabulida inglizcha sahifasini ham ko‘ring.
BandMate bilan mashq
BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan farmatsevt va xaridor rolini o‘ynang: alomatni tushuntiring, dozani qayta so‘rang, Could you write it down, please? deb iltimos qiling. Ilova pharmacy, ointment, syrup talaffuzi bo‘yicha izoh beradi. Bu faqat til mashqi, dori tanlashda farmatsevt maslahatiga tayaning.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
