Ko‘p qavatli uydagi kvartira inglizcha a flat (Britaniya) yoki an apartment (Amerika), binoning o‘zi a block of flats. Alohida turgan hovli-joy — a detached house, devori qo‘shni bilan tutash uy — a semi-detached yoki terraced house. O‘zbek hovlisini esa nomi bilan aytib, izohlaysiz: a house with a courtyard, surrounded by a high wall.
Hozir o‘zingiz haqingizda bitta gap ayting: I live in a flat on the fourth floor yoki I live in a house with a big courtyard.
Uy turlari: 20 ta so‘z
| Inglizcha | Talaffuz | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| flat (BrE) / apartment (AmE) | [flet] / [e-PART-ment] | kvartira | We rent a two-bedroom flat in Yunusabad. |
| block of flats / apartment building | [blok ov flets] | ko‘p qavatli uy | Our block of flats has nine floors. |
| high-rise / tower block | [HAY-rayz] | osmono‘par turar joy | New high-rises are going up along the ring road. |
| studio (flat) | [STYU-di-ou] | bir xonali (oshxona bilan birga) | As a student, I lived in a tiny studio. |
| penthouse | [PENT-haus] | eng yuqori qavatdagi hashamatli kvartira | The penthouse has a roof terrace. |
| detached house | [di-TECHT haus] | alohida turgan uy | Most houses in our mahalla are detached. |
| semi-detached house | [SE-mi di-TECHT] | bir devori qo‘shniniki bilan tutash uy | They live in a semi-detached house with a small garden. |
| terraced house (BrE) / row house (AmE) | [TE-rist haus] | qator tutash uylar | Terraced houses are common in English cities. |
| townhouse | [TAUN-haus] | shahardagi ko‘p qavatli tutash uy | A narrow townhouse has rooms on three floors. |
| bungalow | [BAN-ga-lou] | bir qavatli uy | My grandparents moved into a bungalow — no stairs. |
| cottage | [KO-tij] | qishloqdagi kichik uy | They rented a stone cottage in the countryside. |
| farmhouse | [FARM-haus] | fermer uyi | The farmhouse stands next to the fields. |
| villa | [VI-la] | hashamatli dala hovli, villa | They spent the holiday in a villa by the sea. |
| mansion | [MEN-shn] | qasr, katta hashamatli uy | The old merchant’s mansion is now a museum. |
| country house / dacha | [KAN-tri haus] | dala hovli | We go to our dacha in Bo‘stonliq every summer. |
| cabin | [KE-bin] | tog‘dagi yog‘och uycha | We stayed in a wooden cabin near Chimgan. |
| yurt | [yort] | o‘tov, kigiz uy | Tourists can sleep in a yurt near Aydarkul. |
| caravan / mobile home | [KE-re-ven] | g‘ildirakli uy | Some families in Britain live in caravans. |
| dormitory / hall of residence | [DOR-mi-to-ri] | yotoqxona | First-year students usually live in a hall of residence. |
| hut | [hat] | kulba, chayla | The shepherd sleeps in a small hut in summer. |
Cottage so‘zini rus tilidagi “kottej” (katta hashamatli uy) bilan adashtirmang. Inglizcha cottage — kichik, oddiy, ko‘pincha eski qishloq uyi. Katta zamonaviy uy — a large detached house yoki a villa.
Semi-detached ni inglizlar qisqa qilib a semi deydi: They bought a semi in Leeds.
O‘zbek hovlisini inglizcha tushuntirish
Hovli so‘zi uchun ingliz tilida bitta aniq so‘z yo‘q. Yard amerikacha “uy oldidagi maydon” degani, courtyard esa devor bilan o‘ralgan ichki hovli. O‘zbek hovlisiga courtyard yaqinroq. Xorijlik mehmonga shunday tushuntirish mumkin:
In Uzbekistan, many families live in a hovli. It is a one- or two-storey house built around a courtyard, with a high wall and a big metal or wooden gate facing the street. From the street you see only the wall and the gate, but inside there is a yard with fruit trees, a grapevine over a frame, a vegetable patch and a raised wooden platform called a so‘ri, where the family eats in summer. Often two or three generations live in the same hovli, and when a son marries, a new room or a small house is built for him in the same yard.
Hovli bilan bog‘liq so‘zlar:
| O‘zbekcha | Inglizcha | Izoh |
|---|---|---|
| darvoza | gate | a big double gate |
| devor | wall | hovli devori — a courtyard wall |
| ayvon | veranda, covered terrace | tomi bor ochiq joy |
| so‘ri | raised wooden platform | yozda ustida o‘tirib ovqatlanadi |
| tok ishkomi | grapevine on a frame | We sit in the shade of the grapevine. |
| tomorqa | vegetable patch, kitchen garden | We grow tomatoes in the vegetable patch. |
| tandir | clay oven | Bread is baked in a clay oven. |
| mehmonxona (uyda) | guest room | hotel emas! |
| tom | roof | a flat roof yoki a sloping roof |
Diqqat: uydagi “mehmonxona” — guest room yoki living room, hotel emas. Hotel — pul to‘lab tunaydigan joy.
House, home va flat orasidagi farq, go home va at home grammatikasi house va home farqi sahifasida alohida tushuntirilgan.
Uy e’lonini o‘qish: 3 ta namuna
Quyidagi e’lonlar mashq uchun yozilgan, narxlar ham o‘ylab topilgan. Ingliz tilidagi saytlarda e’lon qisqartmalar bilan yoziladi.
1. Spacious 2-bed flat, city centre
3rd floor, no lift. Fully furnished, newly renovated kitchen. 5 min walk to metro. Bills not incl. £1,100 pcm, deposit 5 weeks. No pets, no smokers. Available now.
2. 3-bed semi-detached house with garden
Quiet residential street. Large south-facing garden, off-street parking for 2 cars. Unfurnished. Close to primary school. Long let only. £1,450 pcm.
3. Studio for students
Ground floor studio, en-suite shower room, shared kitchen. All bills incl. (Wi-Fi, heating). 10 min by bus to the university. £750 pcm.
| Qisqartma / so‘z | Ma’nosi |
|---|---|
| 2-bed | ikki yotoqxonali (mehmonxona alohida sanalmaydi) |
| pcm (per calendar month) | oyiga |
| bills (not) incl. | kommunal to‘lovlar narxga kiradi (kirmaydi) |
| fully furnished / unfurnished | jihozlari bilan / jihozsiz |
| en-suite | xonaning o‘z hammomi bor |
| south-facing | janubga qaragan (quyosh ko‘p tushadi) |
| off-street parking | ko‘chada emas, uy hovlisida mashina joyi |
| long let | uzoq muddatli ijara |
| ground floor | birinchi qavat (Britaniyada) |
Britaniyada ground floor — bizning birinchi qavat, first floor esa ikkinchi qavat. Amerikada first floor — birinchi qavat. Ijara dialoglari va shartnoma savollari kvartira ijarasi inglizcha sahifasida.
Cottage emas “kottej”: uy turlaridagi tuzoqlar
| Noto‘g‘ri | To‘g‘ri | Izoh |
|---|---|---|
| I live in a 9-floors house. | I live in a nine-storey block of flats. | Bino qavati — storey (AmE story). |
| We have a big cottage in the city. | We have a big detached house. | cottage kichik qishloq uyi. |
| I live on the 5 floor. | I live on the fifth floor. | Tartib son: fifth. |
| Our home has a yard. (hovli uchun) | Our house has a courtyard. | Devor bilan o‘ralgan — courtyard. |
| a two-rooms flat | a two-room flat / a one-bedroom flat | Sifat oldida ko‘plik yo‘q. |
| We came to the mehmonxona. | We went into the living room. | Uydagi xona — living room. |
Mashq: uy turini toping
A. Ta’rifga mos so‘z.
- 1. A house with only one floor.
- 2. A house that shares one wall with the house next door.
- 3. A small, old house in a village.
- 4. A round felt tent of nomads.
- 5. A very large and expensive house.
B. E’lonlarni qayta o‘qing va javob bering.
- 6. Which home is best for a family with a car?
- 7. In which ad is the internet included in the price?
- 8. Why is flat 1 difficult for someone with heavy shopping bags?
C. Tarjima qiling.
- 9. Biz besh qavatli uyning uchinchi qavatida yashaymiz.
- 10. Buvimning hovlisida tok va so‘ri bor.
Javoblar
1 — bungalow; 2 — semi-detached house; 3 — cottage; 4 — yurt; 5 — mansion; 6 — the semi-detached house (2), it has off-street parking; 7 — the studio (3), all bills including Wi-Fi are included; 8 — it’s on the third floor and there is no lift; 9 — We live on the third floor of a five-storey block of flats.; 10 — My grandmother’s courtyard has a grapevine and a raised wooden platform (a so‘ri).
Uyingizni Bandiga tasvirlab bering
BandMate ilovasida Bandiga qayerda yashashingizni gapirib bering: uy turi, qavat, hovli yoki balkon, sizga nimasi yoqadi. Masalan: I live in a hovli in Namangan. It has a big gate, three fruit trees and a so‘ri where we have dinner in summer. Bandi xorijlik mehmondek savol beradi (What is a so‘ri?), siz esa izohlashni mashq qilasiz; ilova detached, storey, courtyard talaffuzini tekshiradi. IELTS’dagi uy haqida monolog uchun IELTS Speaking Part 2: describe a house sahifasiga o‘ting.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
