“Yoqimli ishtaha”ning ingliz tilida aynan shunday so‘zma-so‘z iborasi yo‘q. Eng yaqini — Enjoy your meal! (ofitsiant yoki mezbon aytadi), uyda qisqa Enjoy!, biroz tantanali ohangda fransuzchadan olingan Bon appétit!. Oila va do‘stlar orasida ko‘pincha Dig in! (“Qani, boshladik!”) deyiladi, ko‘p xonadonlarda esa ovqat oldidan hech narsa aytilmaydi ham.
Javob oddiy: Thank you! Agar aytgan odam ham siz bilan birga ovqatlanayotgan bo‘lsa — Thanks, you too! Ofitsiantga You too deb yuborish esa klassik kulgili xato: u ovqatlanmayapti.
Ovqat oldidan: kim nima deydi
| Ibora | Tarjima | Kim va qayerda |
|---|---|---|
| Enjoy your meal! | Yoqimli ishtaha! | Ofitsiant, oshpaz, mezbon. Neytral. |
| Enjoy! | Yoqimli ishtaha! | Kafe, uy, do‘stlar. Qisqa va iliq. |
| Bon appétit! | Yoqimli ishtaha! | Biroz rasmiy yoki hazil aralash. |
| Dig in! | Qani, boshlanglar! | Uyda, do‘stlar orasida. |
| Tuck in! | Qani, oling! | Britaniyada, norasmiy. |
| Please, start. / Go ahead, start. | Marhamat, boshlayvering. | Mezbon mehmonni kutib o‘tirmaslikka undaydi. |
| Dinner’s ready! / Lunch is ready! | Ovqat tayyor! | Uyda hammani dasturxonga chaqirish. |
| Let’s eat! | Qani, ovqatlanamiz! | Oila, do‘stlar. |
Ba’zi dindor oilalarda ovqat oldidan qisqa duo o‘qiladi (saying grace). Mehmon bo‘lsangiz, jim kutib turing, keyin boshqalar bilan birga boshlang.
Dasturxon atrofida: taklif qilish va so‘rash
Mezbon sifatida:
- Help yourself to some salad. — Salatdan bemalol oling.
- Would you like some more rice? — Yana guruch solib beraymi?
- Try the somsa, it’s still warm. — Somsadan tatib ko‘ring, hali issiq.
- Can I get you anything else? — Yana biror narsa keltiraymi?
- There’s plenty, so don’t be shy. — Ko‘p, uyalmang.
Mehmon sifatida:
- Could you pass the bread, please? — Nonni uzatib yuborasizmi?
- Yes, please, just a little. — Ha, rahmat, ozginagina.
- Could I have some water, please? — Bir oz suv bersangiz.
- What’s in this sauce? — Bu sousda nima bor?
- I’m allergic to nuts. Is there anything with nuts in it? — Yong‘oqqa allergiyam bor, nimadadir yong‘oq bormi?
Ingliz tilida so‘zlashuvchilar uchun dasturxon ustidan qo‘l cho‘zib narsa olish odobsizlikka yaqin. Uzoqdagi idishni Could you pass…? deb so‘rash odat.
Taomni maqtash
Maqtov mezbon uchun eng yaxshi “rahmat”:
| Ibora | Tarjima |
|---|---|
| This is delicious! | Bu juda mazali! |
| The lamb is so tender. | Go‘sht juda yumshoq. |
| You’re a great cook! | Siz zo‘r oshpazsiz! |
| I love the spices in this. | Ziravorlari juda yoqdi. |
| Could I have the recipe? | Retseptini bera olasizmi? |
| My compliments to the chef! | Oshpazga tahsin! (restoranda, hazilomuz uyda ham) |
Delicious aslida kuchli so‘z. Kundalik gapda It’s really good, It’s lovely ham tabiiy. O‘zbek taomlarini inglizcha tushuntirish uchun o‘zbek taomlari inglizcha sahifasida tayyor ta’riflar bor.
To‘yganingizni muloyim aytish
O‘zbek xonadonida mezbon likopchani qayta-qayta to‘ldiradi, shuning uchun “to‘ydim”ni aniq aytish kerak. Ingliz tilida bu qo‘pollik emas:
| Ibora | Tarjima | Ohang |
|---|---|---|
| I’m full, thanks. | To‘ydim, rahmat. | Kundalik. |
| I’ve had plenty, thank you. | Yetarlicha yedim, rahmat. | Muloyim. |
| I couldn’t eat another bite. | Endi bir luqma ham sig‘maydi. | Maqtov bilan: shunchalik mazali edi. |
| I’m stuffed! | Qornim yorilay deyapti! | Norasmiy, do‘stlar orasida. |
| Maybe just a tiny bit of dessert. | Shirinlikdan ozgina, xolos. | Rad etmasdan, kamaytirish. |
| It was lovely, but I’m done. | Juda mazali bo‘ldi, lekin bas. | Iliq, qat’iy. |
Dasturxon madaniyati: o‘zbek va ingliz odati farqi
Taklif necha marta qilinadi. O‘zbek mezboni “oling, oling” deb bir necha bor undaydi, mehmon ham avval kamtarlik qiladi. Britaniya yoki Amerikadagi mezbon odatda bir marta taklif qiladi va javobingizni so‘zma-so‘z qabul qiladi. Xohlasangiz, birinchi taklifdayoq Yes, please deng.
Likopchadagi ovqat. Ko‘p ingliz oilalarida o‘zingiz solgan ovqatni oxirigacha yeyish odat. Shuning uchun boshida ozroq soling, keyin qo‘shimcha so‘rang: Is it OK if I have a bit more?
Non. Bizda non dasturxonning markazi, uni ushatib, hurmat bilan qo‘yamiz. Chet ellik mehmonga shunday tushuntirishingiz mumkin: In Uzbekistan, bread is almost sacred. We never put it upside down, and the host usually breaks it by hand for everyone.
Choy. Mezbonning piyolaga ozgina choy quyishi chet elliklarni hayron qoldiradi. Tushuntirish: The host pours only a little tea on purpose. That way they can keep refilling your cup, and it shows they want you to stay longer.
Qachon boshlash. O‘zbek dasturxonida ko‘pincha kattalar boshlashini kutamiz. Ingliz uyida mezbon Please, start, don’t wait for me desa, bemalol boshlang: uzoq kutish noqulaylik tug‘diradi.
Mehmonni uyda kutib olish, “yana oling” odatini inglizcha tushuntirish va eshikdan dasturxongacha bo‘lgan to‘liq suhbat mehmonni inglizcha kutib olish sahifasida.
“Good appetite!” va dasturxondagi boshqa xatolar
| Xato | To‘g‘ri | Izoh |
|---|---|---|
| Good appetite! | Enjoy your meal! / Enjoy! | Ruscha “Приятного аппетита” tarjimasi; tushunarli, lekin g‘alati eshitiladi. |
| Eat, eat! | Help yourself! / Please, have some more. | Takroriy buyruq majburlagandek tuyuladi. |
| Give me bread. | Could you pass the bread, please? | Buyruq shakli qo‘pol. |
| I am satiated. | I’m full. | Kitobiy, kundalik gapda ishlatilmaydi. |
| Ofitsiantga You too! | Thank you! | U siz bilan ovqatlanmayapti. |
| Very tasty food! | This is really tasty! | To‘liq gap tabiiyroq. |
Dialoglar
1. Toshkentda, uyda: britaniyalik hamkasb oshga kelgan.
Nigora: Dinner’s ready! Please, sit down and dig in.
Oliver: Wow, it smells amazing. Is this the famous plov?
Nigora: Yes, my dad made it this morning. Help yourself to the salad too.
Oliver: Thank you. Mmm, the lamb is so tender!
Nigora: I’m glad you like it. Would you like some more?
Oliver: Just a little, please. I don’t want to be too full for dessert.
Nigora: Good plan. There’s halva and fruit later.
Oliver: Then I’ll stop after this. I’ve had plenty, honestly.
2. Londondagi restoranda.
Ofitsiant: Here’s your fish and chips. Enjoy your meal!
Javlon: Thanks, you too! … Oh no.
Ofitsiant: (kulib) Don’t worry, people say that all the time.
Javlon: Sorry! I meant thank you. Could we have some more water, please?
Ofitsiant: Of course. I’ll bring it right over.
Restoranda buyurtma berish va hisob so‘rash iboralari kafeda buyurtma berish inglizcha sahifasida.
Mashq: iborani tanlang
Variantlar: a) Enjoy your meal! b) Thanks, you too! c) Thank you! d) Could you pass the salt, please? e) I’m full, thanks. f) Help yourself! g) Dig in! h) Could I have the recipe?
- 1. Siz ofitsiantsiz va taomni stolga qo‘ydingiz.
- 2. Ofitsiant sizga “Enjoy your meal!” dedi.
- 3. Do‘stingiz bilan birga ovqatlanyapsiz, u “Enjoy!” dedi.
- 4. Tuz stolning narigi chetida turibdi.
- 5. Mezbon uchinchi marta likopchangizni to‘ldirmoqchi.
- 6. Uyingizda do‘stlaringizga ovqat tayyor, hammani boshlashga chaqiryapsiz.
- 7. Mehmonga “bemalol o‘zingiz oling” demoqchisiz.
- 8. Taom shunchalik yoqdiki, uyda o‘zingiz pishirmoqchisiz.
Xatoni tuzating.
- 9. Good appetite, everyone!
- 10. Give me the bread.
Javoblar
1 — a; 2 — c; 3 — b; 4 — d; 5 — e; 6 — g; 7 — f; 8 — h; 9 — Enjoy your meal, everyone! (yoki Dig in, everyone!); 10 — Could you pass the bread, please?
Dasturxon suhbatini Bandi bilan sinab ko‘ring
BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan “mehmondorchilik” yoki “restoran” vaziyatida rolli suhbat qiling: bir safar siz mezbon bo‘lib taom taklif qilasiz, bir safar mehmon bo‘lib to‘yganingizni muloyim aytasiz. Ilova talaffuz va gap tuzilishi bo‘yicha izoh beradi. Rahmat aytishning boshqa usullari, jumladan mehmondan ketayotganda aytiladigan iboralar, rahmat inglizcha sahifasida. Bugungi kichik vazifa: kechki ovqatda oilangizga hazil tariqasida Dig in! deb ko‘ring.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
