Mashinaning asosiy qismlari inglizcha: steering wheel (rul), tyre (balon, shina), wheel (g‘ildirak), bonnet (kapot), boot (bagajnik), engine (motor), brakes (tormoz), seat belt (xavfsizlik kamari) va headlights (faralar). Amerikada bir nechtasi boshqacha: kapot — hood, bagajnik — trunk, shina — tire.
Avtoservisga borsangiz, bitta qolip bilan boshlaysiz: There’s a problem with the brakes. — Tormozda muammo bor. Quyida 40 ta qism uch guruhda, Britaniya va Amerika nomlari jadvali, ustaxonada kerak bo‘ladigan gaplar va mashq.
Tashqi qismlar: kapotdan bagajnikkacha
| № | Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bonnet (AmE: hood) | kapot | Can you open the bonnet? I want to check the oil. |
| 2 | boot (AmE: trunk) | bagajnik | Put the suitcases in the boot. |
| 3 | bumper | bamper | Someone hit my back bumper in the car park. |
| 4 | windscreen (AmE: windshield) | old oyna | A small stone cracked the windscreen. |
| 5 | windscreen wipers | “dvornik”, oyna tozalagich | The wipers don’t work well in heavy rain. |
| 6 | headlights | old faralar | Turn on your headlights, it’s getting dark. |
| 7 | brake lights | stop-chiroqlar | One of your brake lights isn’t working. |
| 8 | indicator (AmE: turn signal) | “povorotnik” | He turned left without using his indicator. |
| 9 | number plate (AmE: license plate) | davlat raqami | The police wrote down the number plate. |
| 10 | tyre /ˈtaɪə/ (AmE: tire) | balon, shina | I think the back tyre is flat. |
| 11 | wheel | g‘ildirak | The mechanic changed the wheel in ten minutes. |
| 12 | door | eshik | The back door doesn’t lock. |
| 13 | wing mirror (AmE: side mirror) | yon ko‘zgu | Check your wing mirror before you change lanes. |
| 14 | roof | tom | We tied the carpet to the roof. |
| 15 | exhaust pipe (AmE: tailpipe) | glushitel trubasi | Black smoke is coming out of the exhaust pipe. |
Talaffuz: tyre — “tayə”, “tir” emas; bumper — “BAM-pə”; wheel — “uil”, w lablar yumaloq, “vil” emas. Windscreenning urg‘usi birinchi bo‘g‘inda: “VIND-skriin” emas, “WIND-skriin”.
Salon ichida: rul, pedallar, asboblar
| № | Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16 | steering wheel | rul | Keep both hands on the steering wheel. |
| 17 | seat belt | xavfsizlik kamari | Please fasten your seat belt. |
| 18 | dashboard | asboblar paneli, “panel” | A red light came on on the dashboard. |
| 19 | speedometer /spiːˈdɒmɪtə/ | spidometr | Look at the speedometer, you’re driving too fast. |
| 20 | accelerator (AmE: gas pedal) | gaz pedali | Press the accelerator gently. |
| 21 | brake pedal | tormoz pedali | The brake pedal feels soft. |
| 22 | clutch | ilashish pedali, “sseplenie” | In a manual car you press the clutch to change gear. |
| 23 | gearstick (AmE: gear shift) | uzatmalar dastagi | Put the gearstick in neutral. |
| 24 | handbrake (AmE: parking brake) | qo‘l tormozi | Don’t forget the handbrake on a hill. |
| 25 | horn | signal | Drivers in Tashkent use the horn a lot. |
| 26 | rear-view mirror | ichki ko‘zgu | I saw the police car in my rear-view mirror. |
| 27 | glove compartment | “bardachok” | The documents are in the glove compartment. |
| 28 | air conditioning | konditsioner | The air conditioning doesn’t work, and it’s 40 degrees! |
| 29 | seat | o‘rindiq | Can you move your seat back a little? |
Speedometer urg‘usi ikkinchi bo‘g‘inda: “spi-DO-mitə”. O‘zbekcha “spidometr” deb aytsangiz, ingliz tushunmay qolishi mumkin. Mexanika va avtomat qutini manual va automatic deysiz: Is your car manual or automatic?
Kapot ostida: motor va texnik qismlar
| № | Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30 | engine /ˈendʒɪn/ | motor, dvigatel | The engine makes a strange noise in the morning. |
| 31 | battery | akkumulyator | The battery is dead, the car won’t start. |
| 32 | oil | moy | It’s time to change the oil. |
| 33 | brake pads | tormoz kolodkalari | Your brake pads are worn, you need new ones. |
| 34 | radiator /ˈreɪdieɪtə/ | radiator | The radiator is leaking. |
| 35 | coolant | antifriz, sovutish suyuqligi | Check the coolant before a long trip. |
| 36 | air filter | havo filtri | They replaced the air filter during the service. |
| 37 | suspension | podveska, osma | The roads in our village are bad for the suspension. |
| 38 | fuel tank | yoqilg‘i baki | The fuel tank is almost empty. |
| 39 | spare tyre | zaxira g‘ildirak, “zapaska” | Is there a spare tyre in the boot? |
| 40 | jack | domkrat | You need a jack to lift the car. |
Engine — “EN-jin”, ikkinchi bo‘g‘in “jin”, “jayn” emas. Radiator — “REY-dieytə”.
Britaniya va Amerika nomlari: bir qarashda
Ingliz tilidagi darslik yoki filmga qarab, bir qism ikki xil nomda uchraydi. Ikkalasi ham to‘g‘ri, faqat bitta matnda aralashtirmang.
| Britaniya | Amerika | O‘zbekcha |
|---|---|---|
| bonnet | hood | kapot |
| boot | trunk | bagajnik |
| windscreen | windshield | old oyna |
| tyre | tire | shina, balon |
| number plate | license plate | davlat raqami |
| indicator | turn signal | povorotnik |
| gearstick | gear shift / stick shift | uzatmalar dastagi |
| petrol | gas / gasoline | benzin |
| car park | parking lot | avtoturargoh |
| motorway | highway / freeway | avtomagistral |
Gaz tuzog‘i: O‘zbekistonda “gaz” deganda ko‘pincha metan yoki propan tushuniladi. Amerikalik uchun gas — benzin! Shuning uchun My car runs on gas demang. To‘g‘risi: My car runs on methane yoki on compressed natural gas (CNG), propan bo‘lsa on LPG. Benzin uchun Britaniyada petrol, Amerikada gas deysiz.
Avtoservisda: muammoni tushuntirish uchun 12 ta gap
Ustaxonada muammoni aniq aytsangiz, ish tez bitadi. Qolip: qism + nima bo‘lyapti + qachon.
- The engine won’t start in the morning. — Ertalab motor o‘t olmaydi.
- There’s a strange noise when I brake. — Tormoz bosganda g‘alati ovoz chiqyapti.
- The check engine light is on. — Paneldagi “check” chirog‘i yonib turibdi.
- I’ve got a flat tyre. — G‘ildiragim teshilib qoldi.
- The car pulls to the left. — Mashina chapga tortyapti.
- The air conditioning blows warm air. — Konditsioner issiq havo chiqaryapti.
- Could you check the oil and the brakes? — Moy va tormozni tekshirib bera olasizmi?
- I’d like an oil change, please. — Moy almashtirmoqchiman.
- How long will it take? — Qancha vaqt ketadi?
- How much will it cost roughly? — Taxminan qancha turadi?
Usta aytishi mumkin bo‘lgan gaplar:
- Your brake pads are worn. — Tormoz kolodkalari yeyilgan.
- We’ll have to order the part. It’ll be ready tomorrow. — Ehtiyot qismni buyurtma qilamiz, ertaga tayyor bo‘ladi.
Dialog: ustaxonada chet ellik haydovchi
Mechanic: Good morning. What’s the problem?
Driver: There’s a strange noise when I brake, and the car pulls to the right.
Mechanic: How long has it been like this?
Driver: About a week. It gets worse when the road is wet.
Mechanic: Let me have a look. Can you open the bonnet and leave the keys in the car?
Driver: Sure. Could you also check the tyres? I think the front one is losing air.
Mechanic: OK. So, your front brake pads are worn, and there’s a small hole in the front tyre. We can fix both today.
Driver: Great. How long will it take, and how much will it cost roughly?
Mechanic: About two hours. I’ll give you the exact price when we finish.
Ruscha nomlar va o‘zbekcha odatdan kelgan xatolar
| Xato | To‘g‘ri | Izoh |
|---|---|---|
| The balloon is flat. | The tyre is flat. | Balloon — havo shari |
| Open the capot. | Open the bonnet / the hood. | “Kapot” inglizcha emas |
| My car runs on gas. (metan) | My car runs on methane. | Gas AmE’da benzin |
| I sit to the car. | I get in the car. | Mashinaga — get in |
| Close the belt. | Fasten your seat belt. | Kamar fasten qilinadi |
| The accumulator is dead. | The battery is dead. | Ruscha so‘z |
| The wheel is punched. | I’ve got a flat tyre / a puncture. | Teshik — puncture |
Mashq: qismni toping
A. Qaysi qism? Inglizcha yozing (Britaniya varianti).
- 1. You put your suitcases here.
- 2. You hold it with both hands when you drive.
- 3. It keeps you safe in your seat.
- 4. It shows how fast you are going.
- 5. It cleans the windscreen when it rains.
- 6. You use it to tell other drivers you are turning.
B. Britaniya so‘ziga Amerika muqobilini yozing.
- 7. bonnet
- 8. petrol
- 9. number plate
C. Xatoni tuzating.
- 10. My car’s balloon is flat.
- 11. The accumulator is dead, so the car won’t start.
- 12. I sat to the taxi and closed the belt.
Javoblar
1 — boot; 2 — steering wheel; 3 — seat belt; 4 — speedometer; 5 — windscreen wipers; 6 — indicator. 7 — hood; 8 — gas (gasoline); 9 — license plate. 10 — My car has a flat tyre. 11 — The battery is dead, so the car won’t start. 12 — I got in the taxi and fastened my seat belt.
Ustaxonadagi suhbatni Bandi bilan o‘ynang
BandMate ilovasida Bandiga rol bering: u usta, siz haydovchi. Mashinangizdagi muammoni qism + nima bo‘layotgani + qachon qolipida tushuntiring, keyin narx va muddatni so‘rang. Talaffuzda tyre, engine, speedometer kabi so‘zlarning urg‘usi noto‘g‘ri bo‘lsa, ilova izoh beradi. Transport turlari va get on / get in farqi transport turlari inglizcha sahifasida, yo‘lovchi bilan gaplashish esa taksida inglizcha sahifasida. Haydovchi bo‘lib ishlash uchun ingliz tili kerak bo‘lsa, logistika ingliz tili sahifasida yuk va hujjat so‘zlari bor.
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