Cleft sentences: It was… that va What I need is… bilan ta’kid

Cleft sentence — bitta oddiy gapni ikkiga bo‘lib, bir qismini alohida ta’kidlash usuli. Ikki asosiy qolip bor:

It + be + ta’kidlangan qism + that/who + qolgan gap: It was Aziz who called you. (Sizga aynan Aziz qo‘ng‘iroq qildi.)
What + gap + be + ta’kidlangan qism: What I need is a long holiday. (Menga kerak narsa — uzoq ta’til.)

O‘zbek tilida xuddi shu vazifani aynan, -ku, -gina yoki gap oxiridagi urg‘u bajaradi. Ingliz tilida esa so‘z tartibi qat’iy bo‘lgani uchun ta’kid ko‘pincha gap tuzilishini o‘zgartirish orqali beriladi.

Bitta gap, to‘rt xil ta’kid

Oddiy gap: Dilnoza sent the report to the manager on Monday. Endi har safar boshqa qismni ajratamiz:

Cleft gap	Nimani ta’kidlaydi	O‘zbekcha
It was Dilnoza* who sent the report to the manager on Monday.*	kim (boshqa odam emas)	Hisobotni aynan Dilnoza yubordi.
It was the report* that Dilnoza sent to the manager on Monday.*	nima (taqdimot emas)	Dilnoza aynan hisobotni yubordi.
It was to the manager* that Dilnoza sent the report.*	kimga	Dilnoza hisobotni aynan menejerga yubordi.
It was on Monday* that Dilnoza sent the report.*	qachon (juma kuni emas)	Dilnoza hisobotni dushanba kuniyoq yubordi.

Bunday gap odatda biror narsaga qarshi yoki tuzatish sifatida aytiladi: — Did Jasur send it on Friday? — No, it was Dilnoza who sent it, and it was on Monday.

It-cleft qoidalari

1. Fe’l zamoni. It is hozirgi yoki umumiy holat uchun, it was o‘tmish uchun: It’s my sister who cooks the plov at home. It was my grandfather who planted these trees.

2. Who yoki that. Odamdan keyin who yoki that, narsa, joy, vaqtdan keyin that: It was the noise that woke me up. Which bu tuzilmada deyarli ishlatilmaydi.

3. Olmosh shakli. So‘zlashuvda It was me who…, rasmiy yozuvda It was I who… ham uchraydi. Kundalik nutq uchun It was me yetarli.

4. Inkor bilan tuzatish. It wasn’t me who broke the window — it was the neighbour’s son. Bu qolip bahs va tushunmovchiliklarda juda foydali.

5. Sabab bilan. It was because of the rain that the concert was cancelled. It’s only when you live alone that you learn to cook.

Bu tuzilmadagi it ham hech narsani anglatmaydi, u faqat ramka. It ning bunday “bo‘sh ega” vazifalari it va there farqi sahifasida tushuntirilgan.

What-cleft va unga o‘xshash qoliplar

What-cleft ta’kidni gap oxiriga suradi — ingliz tilida eng muhim ma’lumot odatda oxirida turadi.

Qolip	Misol	O‘zbekcha
What + S + V + is/was	What I love about Bukhara is the old streets.	Buxoroda eng yoqtirganim — eski ko‘chalar.
What happened was	What happened was that the bus broke down.	Gap shundaki, avtobus buzilib qoldi.
What + S + did was (to) + V	What she did was call the police.	U nima qildi — politsiyaga qo‘ng‘iroq qildi.
All + S + V + is	All I want is a quiet evening.	Bor-yo‘g‘i tinch bir oqshom istayman.
The thing (that)	The thing that worries me is the cost.	Meni tashvishlantiradigan narsa — xarajat.
The reason (why)	The reason why I’m late is the traffic.	Kechikishimning sababi — tirbandlik.
The place where	The place where we met was a small café in Yunusabad.	Tanishgan joyimiz — Yunusoboddagi kichik kafe.
The person who	The person who helped me most was my teacher.	Menga eng ko‘p yordam bergan odam — ustozim.

Yaxshi xabar: o‘zbekcha Menga kerak narsa — …, Meni tashvishlantiradigani — … qoliplari what-cleft bilan deyarli bir xil ishlaydi. Shuning uchun bu tuzilma o‘zbek o‘quvchilariga odatda oson beriladi. Asosiy ehtiyot joylari quyida.

Cleft gapdagi xatolar

Noto‘g‘ri	To‘g‘ri	Izoh
What I need it is a break.	What I need is a break.	ortiqcha it
It was Aziz which told me.	It was Aziz who told me.	odam → who/that
What I want is go home.	What I want is to go home.	is dan keyin to + fe’l
What she did was she called the police.	What she did was call the police.	ikkinchi egani takrorlamang
It is yesterday that I saw him.	It was yesterday that I saw him.	o‘tmish → was
The reason is because I was ill.	The reason is that I was ill.	reason… because ortiqcha

Oxirgi xato so‘zlashuvda ko‘p eshitiladi, lekin IELTS Writing kabi rasmiy yozuvda The reason is that… ni ishlating. Cleft gaplar tarkibidagi who/that qismi aslida nisbiy ergash gap; ularning umumiy qoidalari relative clauses sahifasida.

Speaking da: fikrni aniq va tabiiy aytish

Cleft gaplar ayniqsa og‘zaki nutqda foydali, chunki ular javobning asosiy g‘oyasini oldindan belgilaydi.

Fikr bildirish: What I find most interesting about my job is working with people.
Sabab aytish: The main reason I chose this university is its IT faculty.
Tuzatish: Actually, it wasn’t the price that stopped me, it was the location.
Vaqt yutish va tartib: What I usually do is make a list the night before.

IELTS Speaking Part 3 da fikrni boshlashning boshqa qoliplari bilan birga Part 3 da fikr bildirish sahifasida ko‘ring. Eslatma: bitta javobda bitta cleft yetarli. Har bir gapni What I think is… bilan boshlasangiz, bu ham takrorga aylanadi.

Writing da: asosiy g‘oyani ajratish

Essede cleft gap odatda bir marta, eng muhim fikrni ta’kidlash uchun ishlatiladi:

Many people blame young drivers for road accidents. However, it is poor road design, rather than age, that causes many of the most serious crashes. What cities need is safer crossings and better lighting, not only stricter rules for new drivers.

IELTS baholash mezonlari grammatik tuzilmalarning xilma-xilligi va aniqligini birga baholaydi. Cleft gap xilma-xillikni ko‘rsatish vositalaridan biri, lekin u ball kafolati emas: xatosiz ishlatilgan ikkita oddiy gap bitta xato murakkab gapdan yaxshiroq. Batafsil: IELTS Writing grammar range and accuracy.

Ofisda tushunmovchilik: qisqa suhbat

Rustam: Kamola, did you change the password on the office Wi-Fi? Nobody can connect.

Kamola: It wasn’t me who changed it. It was the IT guy, this morning.

Rustam: Oh, sorry. What I don’t understand is why nobody told us.

Kamola: He sent an email. The problem is that it went to spam.

Rustam: Typical. What we need is a group chat for things like this.

Kamola: Agreed. All I want right now is the new password.

Mashq: cleft gap tuzing

**A. It was… who/that bilan qalin qismni ta’kidlang.**

1. My brother fixed the car.
2. I lost my wallet at Chorsu bazaar.
3. The heat made everyone tired.
4. We met in 2019.
5. Your advice helped me pass the exam.

**B. What… bilan qayta yozing.**

6. I need a good night’s sleep. → What I…
7. I like the people in Samarkand most. → What I…
8. He forgot to switch off the iron. → What happened was…
9. She called her mother. → What she did…
10. I only want some peace and quiet. → All I…

C. Xatoni tuzating.

11. What I want is buy a new laptop.
12. It was my teacher which encouraged me.
13. The reason is because the flight was delayed.
14. What I need it is more practice.

Javoblar

1. It was my brother who (that) fixed the car.
2. It was at Chorsu bazaar that I lost my wallet.
3. It was the heat that made everyone tired.
4. It was in 2019 that we met.
5. It was your advice that helped me pass the exam.
6. What I need is a good night’s sleep.
7. What I like most in Samarkand is the people. (What I like most about Samarkand is its people ham to‘g‘ri)
8. What happened was that he forgot to switch off the iron.
9. What she did was (to) call her mother.
10. All I want is some peace and quiet.
11. What I want is to buy a new laptop.
12. It was my teacher who encouraged me.
13. The reason is that the flight was delayed.
14. What I need is more practice. — ortiqcha it tushadi.

Ta’kidni ovoz bilan ham bering

Og‘zaki nutqda cleft gap ohang bilan birga ishlaydi: ta’kidlangan so‘z kuchliroq aytiladi (It was Dilnoza who sent it). BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan fikr bildirish va tushuntirish talab qiladigan savollarni mashq qiling, javobingizni What I find… is… yoki It was… that… bilan boshlab ko‘ring. Ilova grammatika va talaffuz bo‘yicha mashq uchun fikr beradi, rasmiy baho emas. Ta’kidlashning yana bir, rasmiyroq yo‘li — inversiya: Never have I…, Not only….

Manbalar

BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling