Harakat fe’llari (action verbs) — tana bilan bajariladigan ishlar: walk — yurmoq, run — yugurmoq, jump — sakramoq, carry — ko‘tarib bormoq, push — itarmoq, pull — tortmoq, throw — otmoq, catch — ushlab olmoq. Ularni yodlashning eng tez yo‘li — o‘qish emas, bajarish: fe’lni ayting va o‘sha harakatni qiling.
Hozir o‘rningizdan turing va uch buyruqni bajaring: Stand up. Clap your hands. Sit down. Bu sahifadagi 60 fe’lning uchtasini allaqachon bildingiz.
Jadvallarda ikkinchi ustun — o‘tgan zamon shakli. Qalin yozilganlari noto‘g‘ri fe’llar, ularni alohida yodlang.
Oyoq va butun tana: 15 ta fe’l
| Fe’l | O‘tgan zamon | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| walk | walked | yurmoq | I walk to school every day. |
| run | ran | yugurmoq | He ran to catch the bus. |
| jump | jumped | sakramoq | The kids jumped into the pool. |
| hop | hopped | bir oyoqda sakramoq | Hop on your left foot! |
| climb | climbed | tirmashib chiqmoq | We climbed Big Chimgan last summer. |
| crawl | crawled | emaklamoq | The baby crawled under the table. |
| kick | kicked | tepmoq | Kick the ball to me! |
| step | stepped | qadam qo‘ymoq | Step back from the edge. |
| stand (up) | stood | turmoq, o‘rnidan turmoq | Everyone stood up when the teacher came in. |
| sit (down) | sat | o‘tirmoq | Sit down, please. |
| kneel | knelt / kneeled | tiz cho‘kmoq | She knelt to tie her shoe. |
| lie (down) | lay | yotmoq, cho‘zilmoq | I lay on the sofa and fell asleep. |
| dance | danced | raqsga tushmoq | Everybody danced at the wedding. |
| swim | swam | suzmoq | We swam in Charvak lake. |
| ride | rode | minmoq, haydamoq (velosiped, ot) | He rides his bike to work. |
Lie (yotmoq) — lay — lain; lie (yolg‘on gapirmoq) — lied. Lay (qo‘ymoq) esa alohida fe’l: lay the table — dasturxon yozmoq. Bu uchtasini ona tilida so‘zlashuvchilar ham adashtiradi.
Qo‘l bilan: 20 ta fe’l
| Fe’l | O‘tgan zamon | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| carry | carried | ko‘tarib bormoq | Can you carry this box upstairs? |
| lift | lifted | ko‘tarmoq | Bend your knees when you lift something heavy. |
| push | pushed | itarmoq | Push the door, don’t pull it. |
| pull | pulled | tortmoq | Pull the rope harder! |
| throw | threw | otmoq, uloqtirmoq | He threw the ball over the fence. |
| catch | caught | ushlab olmoq | Catch the keys! |
| hold | held | ushlab turmoq | Hold my bag for a second. |
| drop | dropped | tushirib yubormoq | I dropped my phone on the metro stairs. |
| pick up | picked up | yerdan olmoq | Pick up your toys, please. |
| put down | put down | qo‘ymoq, yerga qo‘ymoq | Put the bag down here. |
| hit | hit | urmoq | The ball hit the window. |
| knock | knocked | taqillatmoq | Knock before you come in. |
| wave | waved | qo‘l silkitmoq | She waved to us from the train. |
| clap | clapped | qarsak chalmoq | The audience clapped for five minutes. |
| point | pointed | barmoq bilan ko‘rsatmoq | Don’t point at people. |
| press | pressed | bosmoq | Press the green button. |
| pour | poured | quymoq | Grandma poured the tea back into the pot three times. |
| stir | stirred | aralashtirmoq | Stir the sumalak all night. |
| cut | cut | kesmoq | Cut the carrots into thin strips for plov. |
| shake | shook | silkitmoq; qo‘l berib ko‘rishmoq | Shake the bottle before use. / They shook hands. |
Choy qaytarish — o‘zbek dasturxonining odati, uni inglizcha shunday aytasiz: pour the tea into a bowl and back into the pot a few times. Ovqat tayyorlashdagi boshqa fe’llar (fry, boil, chop) ovqat pishirish fe’llari sahifasida.
Tana va bosh: 10 ta fe’l
| Fe’l | O‘tgan zamon | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| bend | bent | egilmoq | Bend down and touch your toes. |
| stretch | stretched | cho‘zilmoq, kerishmoq | Stretch your arms above your head. |
| turn | turned | burilmoq | Turn around slowly. |
| nod | nodded | bosh irg‘amoq (“ha”) | He nodded but didn’t say anything. |
| shrug | shrugged | yelka qismoq (“bilmadim”) | She shrugged: “No idea.” |
| bow | bowed | ta’zim qilmoq | The actors bowed at the end. |
| lean | leaned / leant | suyanmoq, engashmoq | Don’t lean on the door of the metro train. |
| spin | spun | aylanmoq (bir joyda) | The dancer spun on one foot. |
| roll | rolled | dumalamoq | The apple rolled under the car. |
| hug | hugged | quchoqlamoq | My mum hugged me at the airport. |
Nod va shake your head ma’nosi o‘zbekcha imo-ishora bilan bir xil: bosh irg‘ash — “ha”, chayqash — “yo‘q”. Bow esa [bau] deb o‘qiladi; [bou] — kamon yoki bant.
Yurish va yo‘nalish: 15 ta fe’l
| Fe’l | O‘tgan zamon | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| jog | jogged | sekin yugurmoq | I jog in the park before work. |
| sprint | sprinted | jon-jahdi bilan yugurmoq | He sprinted the last hundred metres. |
| hurry | hurried | shoshilmoq | Hurry up, the film starts at seven! |
| chase | chased | quvlamoq | The dog chased the cat up a tree. |
| follow | followed | ergashmoq | Follow me, the exit is this way. |
| stroll | strolled | sayr qilmoq | We strolled along the Ankhor canal. |
| wander | wandered | maqsadsiz aylanmoq | Tourists wander around the old city of Bukhara. |
| sneak | sneaked / snuck | sekin yashirincha kirmoq | He sneaked into the kitchen for a somsa. |
| cross | crossed | kesib o‘tmoq | Cross the road at the traffic lights. |
| drive | drove | haydamoq (mashina) | My sister drove us to Samarkand. |
| fly | flew | uchmoq | The birds flew south. |
| dive | dived / dove (AmE) | sho‘ng‘imoq | He dived into the river. |
| slip | slipped | toyib ketmoq | I slipped on the ice. |
| trip | tripped | qoqilmoq | She tripped over a cable. |
| fall | fell | yiqilmoq | He fell off his bike. |
Slip — sirpanib yiqilmoq (muz, ho‘l pol), trip — oyoq biror narsaga ilinib yiqilmoq. Harakat yo‘nalishini beradigan so‘zlar (into, through, across) harakat predloglari sahifasida.
Buyruq o‘yini: Simon says
Bu inglizzabon bolalarning an’anaviy o‘yini, sinfda ham, uyda ham ishlaydi. Boshlovchi buyruq beradi. Agar buyruq Simon says bilan boshlansa, hamma bajaradi. Agar bu so‘zlarsiz aytilsa, bajarmaslik kerak; bajargan o‘yindan chiqadi.
Namuna raund (boshlovchi aytadi):
- Simon says stand up. → hamma turadi
- Simon says jump three times. → hamma uch marta sakraydi
- Simon says touch your toes. → hamma egiladi
- Sit down. → hech kim o‘tirmaydi! (Simon says aytilmadi)
- Simon says hop on one foot.
- Simon says clap your hands above your head.
- Wave to your friend. → bajarmaysiz
- Simon says turn around.
- Simon says point at the window.
- Simon says pretend to carry a heavy box.
- Simon says freeze! → qotib qolasiz
- Nod your head. → bajarmaysiz
O‘yinni ota-ona bola bilan, o‘qituvchi sinf bilan o‘ynashi mumkin. Tezlikni oshirsangiz, quloq ham, reaksiya ham mashq qiladi. Buyruq gaplar grammatikasi (don’t, let’s, please) ingliz tilida buyruq gaplar sahifasida.
Mashq: fe’lni toping
A. Harakatga mos fe’l.
- 1. Eshikni barmoq bo‘g‘imi bilan urish: ______
- 2. Yelka qisib “bilmadim” deyish: ______
- 3. Chaqaloq qo‘l-oyoqda yurishi: ______
- 4. Ho‘l polda toyib ketish: ______
- 5. Kelgan to‘pni qo‘lga olish: ______
B. O‘tgan zamonga qo‘ying.
- 6. He (throw) the ball and I (catch) it.
- 7. We (swim) in the lake and then (lie) in the sun.
- 8. She (fall) and (hit) her knee.
C. Tarjima qiling.
- 9. Mana bu qutini ko‘tarishga yordam bering.
- 10. Eshikni itaring, tortmang.
Javoblar
1 — knock; 2 — shrug; 3 — crawl; 4 — slip; 5 — catch; 6 — threw, caught; 7 — swam, lay; 8 — fell, hit; 9 — Help me carry this box, please. yoki Can you help me lift this box?; 10 — Push the door, don’t pull it.
Fe’llarni tana bilan mustahkamlang
Fe’lni aytish va shu harakatni qilish uni xotirada ikki yo‘l bilan bog‘laydi. BandMate ilovasida Bandiga kuningizni harakat fe’llari bilan aytib bering: This morning I jogged in the park, then I carried my little brother to the kindergarten and ran to the bus stop. Bandi What happened next? deb suhbatni davom ettiradi, ilova esa walked, jumped, clapped oxiridagi -ed talaffuzini tekshiradi. Noto‘g‘ri fe’llarning to‘liq jadvali irregular verbs sahifasida.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
