Ingliz tilida chiroyli gaplar: iqtiboslar, status va tahlil

Inglizcha gapni chiroyli qiladigan uch narsa bor: qisqalik, obraz (bahor, yulduz, sahna) va ritm (takror yoki qarama-qarshilik: the best of times… the worst of times). Bu sahifada klassik ingliz adabiyotidan 12 ta iqtibos (muallifi va asari bilan), status uchun 15 ta original gap va to‘rtta gapning grammatik tahlili bor. Barcha tarjimalar bizniki.

Hozir bittasini tanlab, ovoz chiqarib o‘qing: Some days are poems; some days are drafts. — Ba’zi kunlar she’r, ba’zilari qoralama. Nuqtali vergulda qisqa to‘xtang: ritm shu yerda.

Klassik adabiyotdan 12 ta iqtibos

Bu mualliflar ancha oldin vafot etgan, asarlari esa 1929-yildan oldin nashr qilingan, shuning uchun matnlari hamma uchun ochiq. Muallif va asarni doim birga yozing: iqtibosning qadri manbasida.

• 1. “This above all: to thine own self be true.” — William Shakespeare, Hamlet. Eng muhimi: o‘zingga sodiq bo‘l.
• 2. “All the world’s a stage, and all the men and women merely players.” — William Shakespeare, As You Like It. Butun dunyo — sahna, barcha erkak-u ayollar esa shunchaki aktyorlar.
• 3. “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” — William Shakespeare, 18-sonet. Seni yoz kuniga qiyoslaymi?
• 4. “A thing of beauty is a joy for ever.” — John Keats, Endymion (1818). Go‘zal narsa — abadiy quvonch.
• 5. “’Tis better to have loved and lost / Than never to have loved at all.” — Alfred Tennyson, In Memoriam A. H. H. (1850). Sevib yo‘qotgan yaxshiroq, umuman sevmagandan ko‘ra.
• 6. “To err is human, to forgive divine.” — Alexander Pope, An Essay on Criticism (1711). Xato qilish — insonga xos, kechirish — ilohiy fazilat.
• 7. “Hope springs eternal in the human breast.” — Alexander Pope, An Essay on Man (1734). Umid inson qalbida abadiy qaynab turadi.
• 8. “If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?” — Percy Bysshe Shelley, Ode to the West Wind (1820). Qish kelsa, bahor uzoqda qolarmidi?
• 9. “My heart leaps up when I behold / A rainbow in the sky.” — William Wordsworth (1807). Osmonda kamalakni ko‘rsam, yuragim entikib ketadi.
• 10. “‘Hope’ is the thing with feathers.” — Emily Dickinson (1891-yilda nashr etilgan). Umid — patli bir narsa, xuddi qushdek.
• 11. “It was the best of times, it was the worst of times.” — Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities (1859). Bu eng yaxshi zamonlar edi, bu eng yomon zamonlar edi.
• 12. “O my Luve’s like a red, red rose.” — Robert Burns (1794). Mening yorim qip-qizil atirgulga o‘xshaydi.

Iqtibosni status yoki taqdimotga qo‘yganda qo‘shtirnoq, muallif va (bilsangiz) asar nomini qoldiring: “A thing of beauty is a joy for ever.” — John Keats. Ingliz she’riyatiga qiziqsangiz, to‘liq she’rlar va tarjimalar inglizcha she’rlar tarjimasi sahifasida.

Status uchun 15 ta original gap

Bu gaplarni BandMate tahririyati yozgan, ularni erkin ishlatishingiz mumkin.

Hayot va o‘zingiz haqingizda

• Some days are poems; some days are drafts. — Ba’zi kunlar she’r, ba’zilari qoralama.
• I collect sunsets, not things. — Men buyum emas, quyosh botishlarini yig‘aman.
• Quiet mornings, loud dreams. — Sokin tonglar, baland orzular.
• Today is a page I will never read again, so I write it carefully. — Bugun qayta o‘qimaydigan sahifam, shuning uchun uni ehtiyot bilan yozaman.
• A kind word costs nothing and stays for years. — Shirin so‘z hech narsa turmaydi, lekin yillar davomida esda qoladi.

Oila va do‘stlar

• Home is where my mother’s tea is still warm. — Uy — onamning choyi hali ham iliq turgan joy.
• The best conversations happen over a second cup of tea. — Eng yaxshi suhbatlar ikkinchi piyola choy ustida bo‘ladi.
• Old friends don’t need long messages. — Eski do‘stlarga uzun xabar kerak emas.
• My grandmother’s stories were my first library. — Buvimning ertaklari mening birinchi kutubxonam edi.
• Family: the group chat that never goes quiet. — Oila — hech qachon jim bo‘lmaydigan guruh chati.

Tabiat va vaqt

• Spring in Tashkent smells of rain and apricot blossom. — Toshkentda bahor yomg‘ir va o‘rik gulining hidini beradi.
• The mountains don’t hurry, and neither should I. — Tog‘lar shoshmaydi, men ham shoshmasligim kerak.
• Every sunset is a promise of a new morning. — Har bir quyosh botishi yangi tongning va’dasi.
• Plant a tree today, and one day a stranger will thank you in its shade. — Bugun daraxt eking, bir kun uning soyasida notanish odam sizga rahmat aytadi.
• Stars don’t compete; they just shine. — Yulduzlar bellashmaydi, shunchaki porlaydi.

Do‘stingiz yoki yaqiningizga to‘g‘ridan to‘g‘ri aytiladigan iliq gaplar kompliment inglizcha sahifasida, bayram va tug‘ilgan kun uchun esa ingliz tilida tabriklar sahifasida.

4 ta gapning grammatik tahlili

Chiroyli gapni tushunish uchun uning qolipini ko‘rish kerak. Qolipni bilsangiz, o‘zingiz ham shunday gap yasay olasiz.

**1. *To thine own self be true.*** Bu buyruq gap, lekin so‘z tartibi she’riy: to‘ldiruvchi oldinga chiqqan. Oddiy tartibda: Be true to yourself. Thine — your ning eski shakli, unli bilan boshlanadigan so‘z oldida ishlatilgan. Bugungi nutqda thine demang.

**2. *’Tis better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all.*** ’Tis — it is ning qisqa eski shakli. Qolip: It’s better to X than (never) to Y. To have loved — Perfect Infinitive, ya’ni o‘tmishdagi tajriba. O‘zingiz yasang: It’s better to try and fail than never to try at all.

**3. *If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?*** Birinchi tur shart gap (If + Present Simple), lekin ikkinchi qismi javob kutilmaydigan savol. Savolning ma’nosi tasdiq: bahor albatta keladi. Far behind — “ortda, uzoqda”.

**4. *Some days are poems; some days are drafts.*** Parallel tuzilish: ikki qism bir xil qolipda (Some days are…). Nuqtali vergul ikki mustaqil, lekin ma’nosi bog‘liq gapni ulaydi. Shu qolipda: Some friends are sunshine; some friends are umbrellas.

Iqtibosni tekshiring: internetdagi 3 ta mashhur chalkashlik

Internetda ko‘p “chiroyli iqtibos” noto‘g‘ri odamga nisbat beriladi. Uchta keng tarqalgan misol:

• “Be yourself; everyone else is already taken” ko‘pincha Oskar Uayldga nisbat beriladi, lekin uning asarlarida bu gap topilmagan.
• “We are what we repeatedly do…” Aristotelga nisbat beriladi, aslida bu Will Durantning 1926-yilgi kitobida Aristotel fikrini qisqacha bayon qilgan gapi.
• “Be the change you wish to see in the world” Gandiga nisbat beriladi, lekin uning yozganlarida bu shaklda uchramaydi.

Qoida oddiy: iqtibosning kitobi yoki nutqini va yilini topa olmasangiz, muallif nomini yozmang yoki boshqa gap tanlang.

Status yozishda ko‘p uchraydigan 6 ta xato

Mashq: tarjima qiling va muallifni toping

A. Qolip asosida inglizchaga o‘giring.

• 1. Ba’zi kitoblar do‘st; ba’zi kitoblar o‘qituvchi. (Some… are…; some… are…)
• 2. Kechikib bo‘lsa ham kelgan yaxshiroq, umuman kelmagandan ko‘ra. (It’s better to… than never to…)
• 3. O‘zingga sodiq bo‘l. (bugungi tartibda)

B. Iqtibos va muallifni juftlang.

• 4. A thing of beauty is a joy for ever.
• 5. To err is human, to forgive divine.
• 6. It was the best of times, it was the worst of times.
• 7. If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?

Mualliflar: Charles Dickens, Percy Bysshe Shelley, John Keats, Alexander Pope.

Javoblar

1 — Some books are friends; some books are teachers.

2 — It’s better to come late than never to come at all.

3 — Be true to yourself.

4 — John Keats

5 — Alexander Pope

6 — Charles Dickens

7 — Percy Bysshe Shelley

Chiroyli gapni ritmi bilan o‘qishni Bandi bilan mashq qiling

Chiroyli gapni yozish bilan uni chiroyli aytish boshqa-boshqa. BandMate ilovasida bitta iqtibosni ovoz chiqarib o‘qing va Bandidan urg‘u va to‘xtamlar haqida fikr so‘rang: best va worst, loved va lost kabi juftliklar kuchli aytilishi kerak. Keyin shu qolipda o‘zingiz bitta gap tuzib, Bandiga ayting. Kuch beradigan gaplar alohida motivatsiya gaplar ingliz tilida sahifasida jamlangan.

BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling