Eslatma: Past Simple o‘tmishda tugagan ish uchun, fe’l ikkinchi shaklga o‘tadi: to‘g‘ri fe’llarga -ed qo‘shiladi (worked), noto‘g‘ri fe’llar o‘z shaklini oladi (went, ate). Inkor va so‘roqda esa did keladi va asosiy fe’l birinchi shaklga qaytadi: I didn’t go. Did you eat? Imlo, vaqt so‘zlari va ishlatish holatlari Past Simple qoidasi sahifasida.
Bu yerda 40 ta topshiriq bor. Birinchi ikki bosqich fe’l shaklini, uchinchisi did ni tekshiradi, to‘rtinchisi esa kichik hikoya: unda bir nechta qoida birdaniga kerak bo‘ladi. Javoblarni har bosqichdan keyin emas, hammasini tugatgandan keyin oching.
1-bosqich: -ed qo‘shish imlosi (1–10)
- 1. We ______ (plan) the trip for months.
- 2. Grandpa ______ (carry) the watermelon home from the bazaar.
- 3. The lesson ______ (end) at noon.
- 4. I ______ (try) the samsa from the new tandir.
- 5. The taxi driver ______ (drop) us at the corner.
- 6. She ______ (enjoy) the concert at Humo Arena.
- 7. My brother ______ (cook) dinner for all of us last night.
- 8. Dilnoza ______ (prefer) the red dress.
- 9. I ______ (wait) forty minutes for the marshrutka.
- 10. He ______ (apply) for a grant last year.
2-bosqich: noto‘g‘ri fe’llar (11–20)
- 11. Mum ______ (bring) a big bag of apricots from Fergana.
- 12. I ______ (sleep) only five hours last night.
- 13. Our team ______ (win) 3–1 on Sunday.
- 14. Bobur ______ (lose) his passport at the airport.
- 15. We ______ (eat) norin at a wedding on Saturday.
- 16. She ______ (teach) at this school for thirty years before she retired.
- 17. The price of flour ______ (rise) twice last year.
- 18. I ______ (think) about you yesterday.
- 19. They ______ (build) a new bridge over the Anhor canal.
- 20. The phone ______ (ring) at midnight.
3-bosqich: did bilan inkor va so‘roq (21–30)
A. Inkor gapga aylantiring. Ehtiyot bo‘ling: ikki gapda did kerak emas.
- 21. We went to the cinema.
- 22. She sent the documents.
- 23. The shop had my size.
- 24. I was at home.
- 25. They could find the address.
B. So‘roq gap tuzing.
- 26. you / sleep / well?
- 27. where / you / buy / this dress?
- 28. how much / the tickets / cost?
- 29. who / call / you / at midnight?
- 30. what time / the wedding / finish?
4-bosqich: hikoyani to‘ldiring (31–40)
Sardorning birinchi ish kuni. Qavsdagi fe’llarni Past Simple’ga qo‘ying.
Last Monday Sardor (31) ______ (start) his first job at a bank in Tashkent. He (32) ______ (get) up at six, (33) ______ (put) on his new suit and (34) ______ (leave) home early. But the train (35) ______ (not / come) for twenty minutes, so he (36) ______ (take) a taxi. He (37) ______ (arrive) at 8:55 and (38) ______ (feel) very nervous. His manager (39) ______ (smile) and said, “Welcome! (40) ______ you ______ (find) us easily?”
Javoblar
1-bosqich: imlo
1 — planned; 2 — carried; 3 — ended; 4 — tried; 5 — dropped; 6 — enjoyed; 7 — cooked; 8 — preferred; 9 — waited; 10 — applied.
- 1, 5, 8. Oxiri bitta unli + bitta undosh bo‘lgan fe’lda undosh ikkilanadi: planned, dropped. Prefer ikki bo‘g‘inli, lekin urg‘u oxirgi bo‘g‘inda (preFER), shuning uchun u ham preferred. Visit da urg‘u birinchi bo‘g‘inda, shuning uchun visited (bitta t).
- 2, 4, 10. Undosh + y → -ied: carried, tried, applied. 6. Unli + y → faqat -ed: enjoyed.
- 3 va 9. -t yoki -d bilan tugagan fe’lda -ed alohida bo‘g‘in bo‘lib o‘qiladi: end-ed, wait-ed. 7 da esa bo‘g‘in qo‘shilmaydi, faqat /t/ eshitiladi: cookt.
2-bosqich: noto‘g‘ri fe’llar
11 — brought; 12 — slept; 13 — won; 14 — lost; 15 — ate; 16 — taught; 17 — rose; 18 — thought; 19 — built; 20 — rang.
- 11, 16, 18. Brought, taught, thought yozilishi har xil, lekin hammasining oxiri bir xil o‘qiladi: /ɔːt/. Ularni bitta guruh qilib yodlang.
- 13. Won “van” deb o‘qiladi, one so‘zi bilan bir xil.
- 17. Rise – rose – risen (ko‘tarilmoq) va raise – raised (ko‘tarmoq) — boshqa-boshqa fe’llar. Narx o‘zi ko‘tariladi: rose.
- 20. Ring – rang – rung. Ringed shakli yo‘q.
Qolgan fe’llarni tartib bilan takrorlash uchun noto‘g‘ri fe’llar ro‘yxati bor.
3-bosqich: did
- 21. We didn’t go to the cinema. Went inkorda go ga qaytadi.
- 22. She didn’t send the documents.
- 23. The shop didn’t have my size. Hadn’t my size eski va kitobiy, bugungi nutqda didn’t have.
- 24. I wasn’t at home. Be fe’li did olmaydi: I didn’t be — xato.
- 25. They couldn’t find the address. Could ning o‘zi inkor yasaydi.
- 26. Did you sleep well?
- 27. Where did you buy this dress?
- 28. How much did the tickets cost? Cost uch shaklda ham bir xil, lekin did bor joyda baribir birinchi shakl.
- 29. Who called you at midnight? Savol egani so‘rayapti, shuning uchun did kerak emas. Who did call you? — xato.
- 30. What time did the wedding finish?
4-bosqich: hikoya
31 — started; 32 — got; 33 — put; 34 — left; 35 — didn’t come; 36 — took; 37 — arrived; 38 — felt; 39 — smiled; 40 — Did … find.
- 33. Put uch shaklda bir xil: put – put – put. Gapda He put on ko‘rinsa, bu o‘tgan zamon, chunki he puts bo‘lardi.
- 35. Didn’t came emas: did dan keyin doim birinchi shakl.
- 40. Qo‘shtirnoq ichida bo‘lsa ham savol o‘tgan voqea haqida, shuning uchun Did you find…?
Ball jadvali
| Ball | Natija | Keyingi qadam |
|---|---|---|
| 36–40 | Past Simple ishonchli | Uzoq davom etgan ishlar bilan birga ishlating: Past Continuous mashqlari |
| 28–35 | Ko‘p narsa joyida | Xato qilgan fe’llaringizni alohida varaqqa yozing va har biri bilan gap tuzing |
| 18–27 | Noto‘g‘ri fe’llar yoki did chalkash | Noto‘g‘ri fe’llar testi bilan V2 shakllarini mustahkamlang |
| 0–17 | Asos hali yo‘q | Qoida sahifasini o‘qing va 1–2-bosqichdan qayta boshlang |
“-di” qo‘shimchasidan inglizchaga: uchta tuzoq
O‘zbekchada “bordim”, “bormadim”, “bordingmi” — hammasida fe’l o‘zi o‘zgaradi. Shuning uchun inglizchada ham fe’lni ikki marta o‘zgartirib yuborish oson: Did you went? Qoidani bitta gap bilan eslang: o‘tgan zamon belgisi gapda bir marta bo‘ladi, yo fe’lda (went), yo did da. Ikkinchi tuzoq — was bilan fe’lni qo‘shish: I was go to Samarkand emas, I went to Samarkand. Uchinchisi — so‘z tartibi: Where you bought it? emas, Where did you buy it?
| Noto‘g‘ri | To‘g‘ri | Nima bo‘ldi |
|---|---|---|
| Did you went to Chorsu? | Did you go to Chorsu? | O‘tgan zamon ikki marta |
| I was go to Samarkand. | I went to Samarkand. | was ortiqcha |
| Where you bought it? | Where did you buy it? | did tushib qolgan |
| I didn’t was at home. | I wasn’t at home. | be bilan did ishlatilmaydi |
| I came before two days. | I came two days ago. | “ikki kun oldin” — ago |
Oxirgi xato o‘zbekcha “ikki kun oldin” iborasini so‘zma-so‘z ko‘chirishdan keladi. Ago va before farqi alohida: ago va before.
Hikoyani Bandiga gapirib bering
Past Simple eng ko‘p hikoya aytganda kerak bo‘ladi: kecha nima qildingiz, dam olish kuni qayerga bordingiz. BandMate ilovasida Bandi sizdan o‘tgan hafta haqida so‘raydi va siz ovoz chiqarib aytib berasiz. Suhbatdan keyin qaysi fe’l noto‘g‘ri shaklda qolganini yoki did dan keyin V2 qo‘yganingizni ko‘rasiz. Bu sun’iy intellekt izohi, o‘qituvchi bahosi emas. Sinab ko‘ring: Sardorning hikoyasiga o‘xshab, o‘zingizning birinchi ish yoki o‘qish kuningizni sakkiz gapda ayting.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
