Eslatma: will gapirayotgan paytda qabul qilingan qaror, fikrga asoslangan taxmin, va’da va taklif uchun; be going to oldindan o‘ylangan niyat va ko‘z oldidagi belgi uchun; Present Continuous esa vaqti va joyi kelishilgan reja uchun ishlatiladi. Will ning to‘rt vazifasi Future Simple (will) qoidasi sahifasida, will bilan going to farqi esa be going to va will sahifasida tushuntirilgan.
O‘zbek tilida kelajak uchun asosan bitta shakl bor: “boraman”. Inglizchada esa uchta yo‘l, va qaysi birini tanlash gapirayotgan odamning niyatiga bog‘liq. Shuning uchun bu mashqlarda fe’l shaklini bilish yetmaydi: har gapda “qaror hozir qilindimi, oldinmi?”, “belgi bormi?”, “kelishilganmi?” degan savollarni o‘zingizga bering. 30 ta topshiriq, javoblar oxirida.
1-bosqich: will va won’t (1–7)
- 1. “It’s cold in here.” — “I ______ (close) the window.”
- 2. I think Uzbekistan ______ (win) the next match.
- 3. Don’t tell Mum about the scratch on the car. She ______ (worry).
- 4. I promise I ______ (not / forget) your birthday this year.
- 5. ______ you ______ (lend) me your charger for a minute?
- 6. The car ______ (not / start). I’ll call a mechanic.
- 7. Perhaps we ______ (see) snow in Tashkent this December.
2-bosqich: will yoki going to (8–16)
- 8. Look at that driver! He ______ (hit) the kerb!
- 9. “We don’t have any bread.” — “Oh, I ______ (buy) some on my way home.”
- 10. I’ve saved enough money. I ______ (buy) a laptop next month.
- 11. “Why are you carrying a tin of paint?” — “I ______ (paint) the gate.”
- 12. I’m sure you ______ (love) Samarkand.
- 13. My sister is nine months pregnant. She ______ (have) the baby any day now.
- 14. “The printer isn’t working again.” — “Don’t worry, I ______ (help) you.”
- 15. We’ve decided: we ______ (not / celebrate) in a restaurant this year.
- 16. There isn’t a single cloud in the sky. It ______ (be) a hot day.
3-bosqich: kelishilgan reja — Present Continuous (17–23)
- 17. I ______ (meet) the bank manager at 10 tomorrow. It’s in my calendar.
- 18. My cousin ______ (get) married on 12 October. The invitations are ready.
- 19. What ______ you ______ (do) on Saturday evening?
- 20. We ______ (fly) to Istanbul on Friday. We’ve got the tickets.
- 21. The school concert ______ (start) at 5 p.m., according to the programme.
- 22. I ______ (not / come) to the gym tonight. I’m having dinner with my parents.
- 23. Dilshod ______ (take part) in a kurash tournament next Sunday. He registered last week.
4-bosqich: xatoni toping va tarjima qiling (24–30)
24–27 da xatoni tuzating. 28–30 ni inglizchaga o‘giring.
- 24. I will to call you tonight.
- 25. When I will finish university, I will work at IT Park.
- 26. Look at those clouds! It will rain.
- 27. Maybe she comes tomorrow, I’m not sure.
- 28. Ertaga qo‘ng‘iroq qilaman, va’da beraman.
- 29. Yozda Turkiyaga bormoqchimiz.
- 30. Kechqurun nima qilyapsan? — Do‘stlarim bilan futbol o‘ynayman, soat yettiga kelishganmiz.
Javoblar
1-bosqich
1 — ’ll close; 2 — will win; 3 — will worry; 4 — won’t forget; 5 — Will … lend; 6 — won’t start; 7 — will see.
- 1. Qaror shu soniyada qilindi — will. Og‘zaki nutqda deyarli doim qisqa shakl: I’ll.
- 2 va 7. I think, perhaps, probably, I’m sure — shaxsiy fikr, shuning uchun will.
- 6. Won’t bu yerda kelajak emas, “ko‘nmayapti, ishlamayapti” degan ma’no: mashina o‘t olmayapti.
2-bosqich
8 — ’s going to hit; 9 — ’ll buy; 10 — ’m going to buy; 11 — ’m going to paint; 12 — ’ll love; 13 — ’s going to have; 14 — ’ll help; 15 — aren’t going to celebrate; 16 — ’s going to be.
- 8, 13, 16. Belgi ko‘z oldida: haydovchi tez ketyapti, homiladorlik, tiniq osmon. Shunday paytda going to. 16 da will be ham xato emas, lekin belgi aniq bo‘lgani uchun going to tabiiyroq.
- 9 va 14. Vaziyat hozir ma’lum bo‘ldi va qaror shu zahoti qilindi — will.
- 10, 11, 15. Qaror oldinroq qilingan: pul yig‘ilgan, bo‘yoq sotib olingan, “qaror qildik” deyilgan. Bu going to.
3-bosqich
17 — ’m meeting; 18 — ’s getting married; 19 — are … doing; 20 — ’re flying; 21 — starts; 22 — ’m not coming; 23 — ’s taking part.
- 17, 18, 20, 23. Vaqt belgilangan va boshqa odamlar bilan kelishilgan: kalendar, taklifnoma, chipta, ro‘yxatdan o‘tish. Going to ham xato bo‘lmaydi, lekin ona tili egalari bunday rejalarni ko‘proq Present Continuous bilan aytadi.
- 19. Birovning rejasini so‘raganda eng tabiiy savol: What are you doing on Saturday? What will you do? esa ko‘proq “endi nima qilasan?” degan ohangda eshitiladi.
- 21. Bu shaxsiy reja emas, rasmiy jadval — Present Simple: starts. Poyezd, dars, konsert jadvallari shunday aytiladi.
4-bosqich
- 24. I will call you tonight. Will dan keyin to qo‘yilmaydi, xuddi can dan keyingidek.
- 25. When I finish university, I will work at IT Park. When, after, before, as soon as, if dan keyin kelajak ma’nosida ham Present Simple keladi. Bu qoida first conditional sahifasida if misolida batafsil ko‘rsatilgan.
- 26. Look at those clouds! It’s going to rain. Belgi bor — going to.
- 27. Maybe she’ll come tomorrow. Maybe, perhaps noaniq taxminni bildiradi, bunday gapda will kerak.
- 28. I’ll call you tomorrow, I promise. Va’da — will.
- 29. We’re going to go to Turkey in the summer. Yoki qisqaroq: We’re going to Turkey in the summer. “-moqchimiz” — oldindan niyat, shuning uchun going to.
- 30. What are you doing this evening? — I’m playing football with my friends. We’re meeting at seven. Kelishilgan uchrashuv bor, shuning uchun ikkala qismda ham Present Continuous. I will play desangiz, reja hozir tug‘ilgandek eshitiladi.
Natija: qaysi shaklni ko‘proq adashtirdingiz
Har to‘g‘ri javob 1 ball. 29 va 30 da mazmuni to‘g‘ri, zamoni to‘g‘ri tanlangan har qanday variantni hisoblang.
| Ball | Holat | Keyingi qadam |
|---|---|---|
| 27–30 | Uchala yo‘lni ajratasiz | Kelajakning boshqa shakllari: kelasi zamonni ifodalash usullari |
| 20–26 | Will va going to ba’zan almashadi | 2-bosqichdagi har gap uchun “belgi bormi, qaror qachon qilindi?” deb yozib chiqing |
| 12–19 | Present Continuous rejasi hali notanish | 3-bosqichni qayta ishlang, o‘z kalendaringizdan uchta reja yozing |
| 0–11 | Shakllar hali chalkash | Qoida sahifalarini o‘qing, keyin 1-bosqichdan boshlang |
Uchinchi bosqichda xato ko‘p bo‘lsa, bu tabiiy: maktab darsliklarida kelajak ko‘pincha faqat will bilan o‘rgatiladi. Real suhbatda esa odamlar rejalar haqida ko‘proq I’m meeting…, I’m going to… deydi. Barcha zamonlarni aralash tekshirish uchun ingliz tili zamonlar testi bor.
To‘rtta savol bilan tekshiruv
Keyingi safar kelajak haqida gapirishdan oldin o‘zingizga shu savollarni bering:
| Savol | Ha bo‘lsa |
|---|---|
| Qaror hozir, gapirayotgan paytda qilindimi? | I’ll… |
| Oldindan o‘ylangan niyatmi yoki ko‘z oldida belgi bormi? | I’m going to… / It’s going to… |
| Vaqt va joy boshqa odam bilan kelishilganmi? | I’m meeting… / We’re flying… |
| Rasmiy jadval yoki dastur bo‘yichami? | The train leaves… / The concert starts… |
Rejalaringizni Bandi bilan gapirib ko‘ring
BandMate ilovasida Bandi sizdan dam olish kuni, ta’til yoki keyingi yil uchun rejalaringizni so‘raydi. Bitta suhbatda uchala shakl ham kerak bo‘ladi: kelishilgan uchrashuv, oldindan o‘ylangan niyat va “balki” bilan boshlanadigan taxmin. Suhbatdan keyin will o‘rniga boshqa shakl kerak bo‘lgan joylarni ko‘rasiz. Bu sun’iy intellekt izohi, rasmiy baho emas. Sinab ko‘ring: shu hafta uchun bitta kelishilgan reja, bitta niyat va bitta taxmin ayting.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
