Safarda eng ko‘p kerak bo‘ladigan phrasal verblar harakat tartibini aytadi: uydan set off (yo‘lga chiqmoq), aeroportda check in (ro‘yxatdan o‘tmoq), samolyotga get on (chiqmoq), manzilda get off (tushmoq), mehmonxonadan check out (chiqib ketmoq), kimnidir pick up (olib ketmoq) va drop off (olib borib qo‘ymoq). Quyida 25 ta shunday fe’l bitta safar hikoyasida, keyin jadvalda ma’nosi, uslubi va o‘zbekcha izohi bilan berilgan.
Birinchi yutuq: in taksi va yengil mashina uchun, on avtobus, poyezd va samolyot uchun. Get in the taxi, lekin get on the bus.
Hikoya: Toshkentdan Barselonaga, Istanbul orqali
Avval o‘qing, keyin qalin fe’llarning ma’nosini matndan taxmin qilib ko‘ring. Javoblar keyingi bo‘limdagi jadvalda.
Aziz and his sister Lola set off at four in the morning. Their dad dropped them off at Tashkent airport, and their mum came too, to see them off.
They checked in, went through passport control and waited at the gate. The flight was held up for forty minutes because of fog, but finally they got on the plane, and it took off just after seven.
They stopped over in Istanbul for three hours. Lola wanted to look around the airport shops; Aziz just wanted coffee.
In Barcelona, a driver from the hostel picked them up. When they got out of the car, Aziz realised he had left his phone charger on the back seat. The driver had already left, but he turned back to bring it.
They checked into the hostel at midnight. For four days they got around by metro, ate out every evening and came across a tiny Uzbek café near the market.
On Sunday they checked out at eleven, headed back to the airport and got back to Tashkent on Monday morning, tired and happy.
25 ta fe’l: ma’no, misol, uslub
Jo‘nash va aeroport
| Phrasal verb | Ma’no | Misol | Uslub |
|---|---|---|---|
| set off / set out | yo‘lga chiqmoq | We set off for Chimgan before sunrise to avoid traffic. | neytral |
| see (someone) off | kuzatib qo‘ymoq | The whole family came to the station to see Grandpa off. | neytral |
| drop (someone) off | olib borib qo‘ymoq | Can you drop me off at the Kosmonavtlar metro? | neytral |
| check in | (reysga) ro‘yxatdan o‘tmoq | You can check in online 24 hours before the flight. | neytral |
| go through | (nazoratdan) o‘tmoq | It took ages to go through security in Istanbul. | neytral |
| get on / get off | (avtobus, poyezd, samolyot) chiqmoq / tushmoq | Get on the Afrosiyob at platform 2 and get off in Samarqand. | neytral |
| hold up | ushlab qolmoq, kechiktirmoq | Sorry I’m late, I was held up at the border. | neytral, ko‘pincha majhul |
| take off | (samolyot) havoga ko‘tarilmoq | The plane to Urgench took off on time. | neytral |
| touch down | (samolyot) qo‘nmoq | We touched down in Namangan in heavy rain. | neytral, yangiliklarda ko‘p |
| stop over | tranzit to‘xtamoq | We’re stopping over in Dubai for one night. | neytral |
Manzilda: transport va shahar
| Phrasal verb | Ma’no | Misol | Uslub |
|---|---|---|---|
| pick (someone) up | (mashinada) olib ketmoq | My cousin will pick us up from Bukhara station. | neytral |
| get in / get out of | (taksi, mashina) o‘tirmoq / tushmoq | Get in, quickly — the driver can’t wait here. | neytral |
| pull over | (mashinani) chetga olib to‘xtatmoq | Could you pull over near the pharmacy, please? | neytral |
| turn back | orqaga qaytmoq | The road to the pass was closed, so we turned back. | neytral |
| get around | (shahar bo‘ylab) yurmoq | In Tashkent it’s easy to get around by metro. | neytral |
| look around | aylanib ko‘rmoq | We had an hour to look around the old town of Khiva. | neytral |
| check out (joyni) | borib ko‘rmoq | You should check out the rooftop café near Registon. | norasmiy |
| come across | tasodifan topib olmoq | We came across a pottery workshop in Rishton. | neytral |
| eat out | tashqarida (kafe, restoranda) ovqatlanmoq | On holiday we eat out almost every night. | neytral |
| hang around | (bekor) kutib turmoq | We hung around the station for two hours. | norasmiy |
Mehmonxona va qaytish
| Phrasal verb | Ma’no | Misol | Uslub |
|---|---|---|---|
| check in / check into | (mehmonxonaga) joylashmoq | We checked into a guesthouse inside Ichan Qal’a. | neytral |
| check out | (mehmonxonadan) chiqib ketmoq | What time do we have to check out? | neytral |
| put (someone) up | (uyiga) mehmon qilib joylashtirmoq | Our relatives in Fergana put us up for a week. | neytral |
| head back | qaytishga yo‘l olmoq | It’s getting dark. Let’s head back to the hotel. | norasmiy-neytral |
| get back | qaytib kelmoq | When did you get back from Turkey? | neytral |
Bir fe’lning ikki ma’nosi bor: check out mehmonxonada “xonani topshirib chiqish”, do‘stlar orasida esa “borib ko‘rish”. Qaysi ma’no ekanini gapning qolgan qismi ko‘rsatadi.
Safar haqidagi o‘zbekcha iboralar
Inglizcha fe’llarning so‘zma-so‘z o‘zbekchasi yo‘q, lekin ma’no jihatdan yaqin iboralar bor:
- see off — o‘zbek oilasida mehmonni ko‘chagacha kuzatib qo‘yish odat, yo‘lga chiqqanga Oq yo‘l! deyiladi. Inglizcha muqobili: Have a safe trip!
- get around / look around — Ko‘p yashagan emas, ko‘p yurgan biladi. Yangi shaharni metro va piyoda aylanib o‘rganish shu maqolga mos.
Telefon dialogi: Lola onasiga qo‘ng‘iroq qiladi
Ona: Lola, have you landed? Is everything OK?
Lola: Yes, we touched down twenty minutes ago. We’re waiting for the driver to pick us up.
Ona: Did you get on the flight in Istanbul without problems?
Lola: Almost. We were held up at security, so we had to run to the gate.
Ona: Oh dear. And where are you staying?
Lola: We’ll check into the hostel tonight. Tomorrow we want to look around the old town.
Ona: Good. Don’t hang around the streets late at night.
Lola: Don’t worry. We’ll head back early.
Dialogda sakkizta phrasal verb bor. Qaysilari hikoyada ham bor edi? Ikkala matnni solishtiring va farqini sezing: hikoyada o‘tgan zamon, dialogda kelasi zamon ko‘p.
Yo‘lda o‘zbek sayohatchilari chalkashtiradigan joylar
| Xato | To‘g‘ri | Sabab |
|---|---|---|
| I went out from the bus. | I got off the bus. | Ruscha “выйти из автобуса” kalkasi |
| Get in the bus, it’s leaving. | Get on the bus, it’s leaving. | Avtobus, poyezd, samolyot — on |
| Pick me from the airport. | Pick me up from the airport. | Up tushib qolmaydi |
| Our flight was held on for an hour. | Our flight was held up for an hour. | Kechikish — hold up; hold on — “kutib turing” |
| The plane flew up at seven. | The plane took off at seven. | Ko‘tarilish uchun take off |
| My brother saw me off to the airport. | My brother saw me off at the airport. | Joyga at; olib borsa, took me to the airport |
Yana bir kichik narsa: enter the plane grammatik jihatdan tushunarli, lekin tabiiy nutqda get on the plane yoki rasmiy e’lonlarda board the plane deyiladi.
Mashq: 15 ta gap
1–10: qavsdagi ma’noga mos phrasal verbni to‘g‘ri shaklda yozing. 11–15: xatoni tuzating.
- We ______ at dawn to reach Nurota before lunch. (yo‘lga chiqmoq)
- Online ______ closes one hour before departure. (ro‘yxatdan o‘tish)
- Excuse me, where do I ______ for the bazaar? (tushmoq)
- Can you ______ me ______ at the corner? I’ll walk from there. (olib borib qo‘ymoq)
- Our train was ______ for an hour because of snow. (kechiktirmoq)
- My uncle ______ us ______ for three nights when we visited Qo‘qon. (uyida joylashtirmoq)
- We found the hotel by chance; we just ______ it while walking. (tasodifan topmoq)
- Guests must ______ by 12:00 and leave the key at reception. (mehmonxonadan chiqmoq)
- The driver ______ because I felt sick. (chetga to‘xtatmoq)
- When are you ______ from your trip to Almaty? (qaytib kelmoq)
- I’ll pick up you at six.
- We got in the train in Tashkent.
- The plane landed off in Samarqand.
- My parents came to see me off to the station.
- We came across with a nice café in Bukhara.
Javoblar
- set off (yoki set out) — o‘tgan zamon: tongda yo‘lga chiqdik.
- check-in — bu yerda ot sifatida, chiziqcha bilan yoziladi: online check-in.
- get off — transportdan tushish.
- drop … off — olmosh o‘rtada: drop me off.
- held up — majhul nisbat: was held up.
- put … up — put us up: bizni uyiga joylashtirdi.
- came across — tasodifan topdik.
- check out — mehmonxonani tark etish.
- pulled over — mashinani yo‘l chetiga olib to‘xtatdi.
- getting back — When are you getting back? Rejalashtirilgan kelajak uchun Present Continuous.
- I’ll pick you up at six — olmosh fe’l bilan zarracha orasida.
- We got on the train — poyezd uchun on.
- The plane landed yoki touched down — land off degan birikma yo‘q.
- see me off at the station — joyga at.
- We came across a nice café — come across dan keyin with kerak emas, ot to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri keladi.
Keyingi bosqich: vaziyatdagi to‘liq dialoglar
Fe’llarni bilganingizdan keyin ularni real sahnada eshiting. Aeroportdagi check-in’dan samolyotgacha bo‘lgan sahnalar aeroportda inglizcha dialog sahifasida, mehmonxonadagi suhbat mehmonxonada check-in dialogi sahifasida. Phrasal verb bo‘lmagan tayyor iboralar (Could you use the meter?) sayohat uchun inglizcha iboralar ro‘yxatida jamlangan.
Safar hikoyangizni Bandi bilan aytib berish
BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan so‘nggi safaringiz haqida ovozli suhbat qiling: qachon yo‘lga chiqdingiz, sizni kim kuzatib qo‘ydi, qayerda to‘xtadingiz. Hikoyada kamida oltita fe’lni jadvaldan ishlating. Ilova talaffuz va grammatika bo‘yicha fikr bildiradi (rasmiy baho emas), shuning uchun get in va get on ni adashtirsangiz, darhol bilib olasiz.
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