Take phrasal verbs: 20 ta ibora, misollar va 15 ta mashq

Take yolg‘iz o‘zi “olmoq” degani, lekin kichik zarracha qo‘shilsa, ma’no butunlay boshqa tomonga ketadi: take off — yechmoq yoki samolyot ko‘tarilishi, take up — yangi mashg‘ulotni boshlash, take after — ota-onaga o‘xshash. Quyida 20 ta eng kerakli take birikmasi tom ma’nodan ko‘chma ma’noga qarab guruhlangan. Har birida o‘zbekcha ma’no, O‘zbekiston hayotidan misol, uslub (norasmiy, neytral, rasmiy) va olmosh qayerga qo‘yilishi ko‘rsatilgan.

Tez yutuq uchun hozir uchtasini ovoz chiqarib ayting: I took my coat off. My sister takes after our dad. I want to take up chess.

Jadvaldagi belgilar

• ajraladi — to‘ldiruvchi o‘rtaga ham, oxirga ham qo‘yiladi; olmosh (it, them, her) esa faqat o‘rtaga: take it off, hech qachon take off it.
• ajralmaydi — fe’l va zarracha doim yonma-yon: take after her, take to him.
• to‘ldiruvchisiz — ortidan ot kelmaydi: The plane took off.

Tom ma’no: olib tashlash, chiqarish, qaytarish

Bu guruhda zarracha harakat yo‘nalishini bildiradi, shuning uchun ma’noni taxmin qilish oson.

Boshlash, egallash, zimmaga olish

Endi zarracha yo‘nalish emas, natijani bildiradi. Up bu yerda “yangi narsani boshlash” yoki “joyni to‘ldirish”, over “boshqaruvni qo‘lga olish”.

Odamlar va his-tuyg‘u: ko‘chma ma’no

Bu guruhni zarrachadan taxmin qilib bo‘lmaydi, butun birikmani bitta so‘z kabi yodlang.

Take after holat fe’li, shuning uchun Continuous shaklda ishlatilmaydi: She takes after her father, lekin She is taking after her father xato.

Zarracha nimani qo‘shadi

Hamma take birikmasi mantiqqa bo‘ysunmaydi, lekin yarmidan ko‘pida zarracha yo‘l ko‘rsatadi:

Take after va take to esa istisno: ularni jadvaldagi misol bilan birga eslab qoling.

Take bilan o‘zbek va rus tilida so‘zlashuvchilar adashadigan joylar

Look like faqat tashqi ko‘rinish haqida, take after esa xarakterni ham qamrab oladi va faqat oila a’zosiga nisbatan ishlatiladi. Qo‘shnining o‘g‘li haqida He takes after my brother deyilmaydi, He looks like my brother deyiladi.

Dialog: yangi kafe haqida

Sherzod: I heard you took over the café on Bobur Street. How’s it going?

Kamola: Busy! We took on three new baristas, and the paperwork takes up all my evenings.

Sherzod: Did you take out a loan for the renovation?

Kamola: A small one. But our pistachio latte has really taken off, so I’m not worried.

Sherzod: You take after your dad. He always loved business.

Kamola: True. I’m finally taking Sunday off. Shall we take Grandma out for lunch?

Sherzod: Great idea. Send me the address and I’ll take it down.

Dialogda to‘qqizta take birikmasi bor. Ularni topib, har birini jadvaldagi ma’no bilan solishtiring.

Mashq: 15 ta gap

1–10: bo‘sh joyga take bilan to‘g‘ri birikmani to‘g‘ri zamonda qo‘ying. 11–15: gapdagi xatoni toping.

1. Please ______ your boots ______ before you step on the new carpet.
2. Our flight was delayed, and we finally ______ at midnight.
3. My dad ______ yoga when he turned fifty.
4. Aziza really ______ her grandmother: she is calm and very patient.
5. This sofa ______ too much space. Let’s sell it.
6. The new manager will ______ the project next month.
7. I bought this shirt yesterday, but it’s too small. I’ll ______ it ______.
8. The bank manager explained the terms of the loan, but I couldn’t ______ it all ______.
9. I’m exhausted. I need to ______ a few days ______.
10. The children ______ their new teacher immediately; they love her.
11. He took off it and put it on the chair.
12. My sister is taking after our mother.
13. We took a credit to open a small shop.
14. Take away your jacket, it’s warm inside.
15. I’m sorry I shouted. Don’t take it out of me.

Javoblar

1. take … off — poyabzal yechish; ot (boots) o‘rtada ham turishi mumkin.
2. took off — samolyot ko‘tarildi; to‘ldiruvchisiz, Past Simple.
3. took up — yangi mashg‘ulot boshladi.
4. takes after — xarakter onaga emas, buviga o‘xshaydi; Present Simple, chunki holat.
5. takes up — joy egallaydi; sofa birlikda, shuning uchun -s.
6. take over — boshqaruvni o‘z qo‘liga oladi.
7. take … back — do‘konga qaytarish; olmosh it faqat o‘rtada.
8. take … in — ma’lumotni hazm qilmoq; take it all in tayyor shakl.
9. take … off — take a few days off: vaqt ifodasi o‘rtada.
10. took to — tez yoqtirib qolishdi; took to her, ajralmaydi.
11. He took it off — olmosh o‘rtaga o‘tadi.
12. My sister takes after our mother — holat fe’li Continuous olmaydi.
13. We took out a loan — credit kalka; take out a loan to‘g‘ri birikma.
14. Take off your jacket — kiyim uchun take off; take away “olib ketmoq”.
15. Don’t take it out on me — predlog on, of emas.

Keyingi qadam va bog‘liq sahifalar

Take bilan eng ko‘p aralashtiriladigan fe’l — bring: qaysi biri “olib kelmoq”, qaysi biri “olib ketmoq” ekanini bring va take farqi sahifasida ko‘ring. Shu turkumning keyingi qismlari put bilan phrasal verblar va get bilan phrasal verblar. Umuman qanday yodlash haqida esa phrasal verblarni yodlash usullari qo‘llanmasida yozilgan.

Take birikmalarini Bandi bilan og‘zaki sinash

BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan “oilamda kimga o‘xshayman”, “qaysi hobbini boshlamoqchiman” yoki “ishdan qachon dam olaman” mavzularida ovozli suhbat qiling. Har javobda kamida bitta take birikmasini ishlatishni maqsad qiling: I take after my dad, I want to take up swimming. Ilova talaffuz va grammatika bo‘yicha fikr bildiradi, lekin bu rasmiy baho emas; xato qilgan birikmangizni daftarga yozib, keyingi suhbatda yana ishlating.

BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling