Put — “qo‘ymoq”. Zarracha qo‘shilganda u narsani qayerga qo‘yganingizni (put away — joyiga, put on — ustingizga), keyin esa vaqt va odamlarga munosabatni bildiradi: put off — keyinga surmoq, put up with — chidamoq. Bu sahifada 20 ta put birikmasi tom ma’nodan ko‘chma ma’noga qarab berilgan: o‘zbekcha ma’no, hayotiy misol, uslub va olmoshning o‘rni bilan.
Birinchi daqiqada ishlatib ko‘ring: Put the kettle on. Put your phone away. I can’t put up with this heat.
Olmosh qayerga qo‘yiladi
Aksariyat put birikmalari ajraladi: put the fire out ham, put out the fire ham to‘g‘ri. Olmosh bo‘lsa, faqat bitta variant bor: put it out. Put out it — xato. Uch so‘zli put up with esa ajralmaydi: put up with it, put up with him.
Qo‘l bilan qo‘yish: 9 ta tom ma’no
| Phrasal verb | Ma’no | Misol | Uslub · tartib |
|---|---|---|---|
| put on (kiyim) | kiymoq (harakat) | Grandpa put on his best chapan for the wedding. | neytral · ajraladi: put it on |
| put on (vazn) | semirmoq | I put on three kilos after all the autumn weddings. | neytral · odatda ot oxirida |
| put on (choynak, musiqa) | qo‘ymoq, yoqmoq | Put the kettle on, the guests are almost here. | norasmiy (BrE) · put it on |
| put away | joyiga yig‘ishtirmoq | Put the leftover plov away in the fridge. | neytral · ajraladi: put it away |
| put back | joyiga qaytarib qo‘ymoq | Put the scissors back in the drawer when you finish. | neytral · ajraladi: put them back |
| put down | qo‘ldan qo‘ymoq | Put that knife down, you’ll cut yourself. | neytral · ajraladi: put it down |
| put up | o‘rnatmoq, osmoq | We put up a tent near Charvak lake. | neytral · ajraladi: put it up |
| put out | (olov, sigaret) o‘chirmoq | Put out the fire before we leave the campsite. | neytral · ajraladi: put it out |
| put together | (mebel) yig‘moq | It took us three hours to put the new wardrobe together. | neytral · ajraladi: put it together |
Vaqt, pul va reja
| Phrasal verb | Ma’no | Misol | Uslub · tartib |
|---|---|---|---|
| put off (ish) | keyinga surmoq | We put off our trip to Khiva until the autumn. | neytral · ajraladi: put it off |
| put off (odamni) | ko‘nglini sovutmoq, ishtahasini bo‘g‘moq | The smell in the canteen put me off lunch. | norasmiy · ajraladi: put me off |
| put aside | (pul, vaqt) chetga ajratmoq | I put aside 200,000 so‘m every month for a new laptop. | neytral · ajraladi: put it aside |
| put in | (vaqt, kuch) sarflamoq | She put in long hours before her milliy sertifikat exam. | neytral · odatda ot oxirida |
| put forward | (g‘oya, nomzod) taklif qilmoq | The student council put forward a plan for bike parking. | rasmiy · ajraladi: put it forward |
Put off dan keyin fe’l kelsa, u -ing oladi: We put off booking the tickets, put off to book emas. Muddat esa until bilan: put it off until Monday.
Odamlar bilan: chidash, joylashtirish, kamsitish
Bu guruhda zarrachadan ma’noni topish qiyin, shuning uchun har birini o‘z misolingiz bilan yodlang.
| Phrasal verb | Ma’no | Misol | Uslub · tartib |
|---|---|---|---|
| put up with | chidamoq, sabr qilmoq | How do you put up with the noise from the tandir bakery next door? | neytral · ajralmaydi: put up with it |
| put up (odamni) | tunashga joy bermoq | My aunt in Tashkent put me up for a week during the exams. | neytral · ajraladi: put me up |
| put through | (telefonda) ulamoq | Could you put me through to the admissions office, please? | rasmiy · ajraladi: put me through to… |
| put down (odamni) | kamsitmoq, yerga urmoq | Stop putting your little brother down; he’s trying his best. | norasmiy · ajraladi: put him down |
| put across | (fikrni) tushunarli yetkazmoq | She put her ideas across clearly in the job interview. | neytral · ajraladi: put it across |
| put out (odamni) | noqulaylik tug‘dirmoq | Don’t drive me home, I don’t want to put you out. | neytral, muloyim · put you out |
Oxirgisi mehmondo‘st o‘zbek suhbatida juda kerak: kimdir sizga yordam taklif qilsa, Are you sure? I don’t want to put you out deb muloyim javob berasiz.
Zarrachalar xaritasi: put misolida
| Zarracha | Asosiy g‘oya | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| on | ustiga, ishga tushirish | kiyim tanaga, choynak olovga |
| away / back | joyiga | narsa shkafga yoki o‘z joyiga qaytadi |
| up | tik, ko‘rinadigan qilib | chodir, e’lon, rasm devorga |
| out | tugatish, o‘chirish | olov, sigaret |
| off | uzoqlashtirish | reja kelajakka, ishtaha sizdan |
| down | pastga | pichoq stolga, odam “yerga” |
Put bilan adashtiriladigan juftliklar
| Xato gap | To‘g‘ri gap | Izoh |
|---|---|---|
| Put out the TV, please. | Turn off the TV, please. | O‘zbekcha “o‘chir” ikkalasiga ham mos, inglizchada put out faqat olov uchun |
| I can’t put up this noise. | I can’t put up with this noise. | With tushib qolmasin |
| We put off the meeting to Friday. | We put off the meeting until Friday. | Muddat until bilan |
| She put off to call him. | She put off calling him. | Put off + -ing |
| Put me through with the manager. | Put me through to the manager. | Predlog to |
| Put away it. | Put it away. | Olmosh o‘rtada |
| I’m putting on a blue dress today. (kiyib yurish ma’nosida) | I’m wearing a blue dress today. | Put on — kiyish harakati, wear — kiyib yurish |
Oxirgi farq alohida sahifada batafsil: wear, put on va dress farqi.
Dialog: mehmon kelishidan oldin
Malika opa: Your aunt arrives from Andijan at seven. Put the kettle on, please.
Temur: Sure. Is she staying with us?
Malika opa: Yes, we’re putting her up for three nights. Can you put the new bed together in your room?
Temur: Now? I wanted to finish my essay. Can’t I put it off until tomorrow?
Malika opa: You’ve put it off all week! And put your clothes away. I can’t put up with this mess any more.
Temur: OK, OK. Just don’t put me down in front of her like last time.
Temur va onasi dialogda yettita birikma ishlatdi. Ularni ovoz chiqarib o‘qing, keyin rollarni almashtiring.
Mashq: put bilan 15 ta topshiriq
1–10: qavsdagi ma’noga mos put birikmasini to‘g‘ri shaklda yozing. 11–15: xatoni tuzating.
- It’s cold on the Chimgan road. ______ your gloves ______. (kiymoq)
- Firefighters ______ the fire in twenty minutes. (o‘chirmoq)
- I always ______ my dentist appointment. I’m scared! (keyinga surmoq)
- My neighbours are very loud, but I ______ it because they are kind. (chidamoq)
- When you finish reading, ______ the book ______ on the shelf. (joyiga qaytarmoq)
- Could you ______ me ______ to the accounts department? (telefonda ulamoq)
- My cousin ______ us ______ when we visited Samarkand. (tunashga joy bermoq)
- I ______ 50 dollars every month for my IELTS fee. (chetga ajratmoq)
- The long queue at the registration desk ______ me ______ the course. (ko‘nglini sovutmoq)
- We ______ the Navro‘z decorations on Friday evening. (osmoq)
- I can’t put up this heat any more.
- She put away it in the cupboard.
- Please put out the computer before you go home.
- They put off to answer my email.
- He always puts down his classmates to feel important.
Javoblar
- Put … on — kiyish harakati; put them on shaklida ham bo‘ladi.
- put out — olovni o‘chirishdi; Past Simple shakli ham put.
- put off — keyinga suraman; odat bo‘lgani uchun Present Simple.
- put up with — uch so‘zli, ajralmaydi.
- put … back — joyiga qaytarish; ot o‘rtada ham, oxirda ham turishi mumkin.
- put … through — telefon muloqoti, rasmiy uslub.
- put … up — mehmon qilib, joy berdi.
- put aside — pul jamg‘arish; put by ham to‘g‘ri, lekin kamroq ishlatiladi.
- put … off — put me off the course: ishtiyoqni so‘ndirdi.
- put up — bezakni osdik.
- put up with this heat — with tushib qolgan edi.
- put it away — olmosh o‘rtaga o‘tadi.
- turn off / switch off the computer — qurilma uchun put out emas.
- put off answering — put off dan keyin -ing.
- Gap to‘g‘ri — put down “kamsitmoq” ma’nosida ishlatilgan. Tabiiyroq variant: He always puts his classmates down.
Put bilan davom etish
Shu turkumdagi take bilan phrasal verblar va go bilan phrasal verblar sahifalarida boshqa fe’llar xuddi shu tartibda berilgan. Qo‘shni shovqini haqida muloyim gapirish uchun qo‘shnilar bilan inglizcha dialoglari put up with ni real vaziyatda ko‘rsatadi.
Put birikmalarini ovozli suhbatda ishlatish
BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan uy ishlari, mehmon kutish yoki keyinga surib yurgan ishlaringiz haqida gaplashing. I keep putting off my driving lessons kabi rostgo‘y gap suhbatni tabiiy davom ettiradi. Ilova talaffuz va gap tuzilishi bo‘yicha fikr beradi; u rasmiy imtihon bahosi emas, lekin qaysi birikmada tutilib qolganingizni ko‘rsatadi.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
