Turn — “burmoq, burilmoq”. Eski radiolarda tugmani burab yoqishgan, shuning uchun turn on — yoqmoq, turn off — o‘chirmoq, turn up — ovozni yoki issiqni kuchaytirmoq, turn down — pasaytirmoq. Ko‘chma ma’noda esa turn down taklifni rad etish, turn into — boshqa narsaga aylanish, turn out — oxir-oqibat nimadir bo‘lib chiqish. Quyida 18 ta birikma ma’no guruhlari bo‘yicha, misol, uslub va so‘z tartibi bilan.
Bir daqiqalik mashq: Turn it on. Turn it up. Turn it down. Turn it off. To‘rt gapni qo‘l harakati bilan ayting, tugmani buragandek.
Turn it off: olmoshning o‘rni
Qurilma bilan bog‘liq turn birikmalari ajraladi. Ot bo‘lsa, ikki tartib ham to‘g‘ri: turn off the tap / turn the tap off. Olmosh bo‘lsa, faqat o‘rtada: turn it off, turn them up. Turn off it — eng ko‘p eshitiladigan xatolardan biri. Turn into, turn to va turn against esa ajralmaydi: turn into it, turn to her.
Tugma va qurilma: tom ma’no
| Phrasal verb | Ma’no | Misol | Uslub · tartib |
|---|---|---|---|
| turn on | yoqmoq | Turn on the subtitles, I can’t follow their accent. | neytral · ajraladi: turn them on |
| turn off | o‘chirmoq | Turn off the tap while you brush your teeth. | neytral · ajraladi: turn it off |
| turn up | (ovoz, issiq) kuchaytirmoq | Turn up the heating, it’s freezing in here. | neytral · ajraladi: turn it up |
| turn down | (ovoz, issiq) pasaytirmoq | Please turn the music down, the baby is asleep. | neytral · ajraladi: turn it down |
| turn over | ag‘darmoq; varaqni o‘girmoq | Turn the fish over after five minutes. | neytral · ajraladi: turn it over |
Yo‘nalish: ortga, chetga, yo‘ldan
| Phrasal verb | Ma’no | Misol | Uslub · tartib |
|---|---|---|---|
| turn around | ortiga o‘girilmoq; orqaga qaytmoq | We had to turn around because the road to Chimgan was closed. | neytral · to‘ldiruvchisiz |
| turn back | yo‘ldan qaytmoq | It started snowing, so the hikers turned back. | neytral · to‘ldiruvchisiz |
| turn off (yo‘l) | asosiy yo‘ldan burilmoq | Turn off the highway at the Gazalkent exit. | neytral · turn off + yo‘l |
| turn away | kiritmay qaytarib yubormoq | The restaurant was full, so they turned us away. | neytral · ajraladi: turn us away |
Yo‘l ko‘rsatishda turn left va turn right oddiy fe’l, phrasal verb emas; ular haqida yo‘l so‘rash va ko‘rsatish sahifasida.
O‘zgarish va natija
| Phrasal verb | Ma’no | Misol | Uslub · tartib |
|---|---|---|---|
| turn into | …ga aylanmoq; aylantirmoq | In winter, the pond in the park turns into an ice rink. | neytral · turn X into Y |
| turn out (natija) | bo‘lib chiqmoq | The “quick” repair turned out to cost twice as much. | neytral · turn out to be, it turned out that |
| turn out (odamlar) | yig‘ilmoq, kelmoq | Thousands turned out for the Navro‘z concert. | neytral · to‘ldiruvchisiz |
| turn up (narsa) | topilib qolmoq | My lost earphones turned up in my coat pocket. | norasmiy · to‘ldiruvchisiz |
| turn in | uxlashga yotmoq | I’m turning in early, the bus to Samarkand leaves at six. | norasmiy · to‘ldiruvchisiz |
Odamlar va qarorlar: ko‘chma ma’no
| Phrasal verb | Ma’no | Misol | Uslub · tartib |
|---|---|---|---|
| turn down (taklif) | rad etmoq | Aziz turned down a job in Moscow to stay near his parents. | neytral · ajraladi: turn it down |
| turn to | (yordam so‘rab) murojaat qilmoq | When I have a problem, I turn to my older brother. | neytral · ajralmaydi: turn to him |
| turn against | qarshi bo‘lib qolmoq | The fans turned against the coach after five defeats. | neytral · ajralmaydi |
| turn over (to) | (topilmani) topshirmoq | The taxi driver turned the wallet over to the police. | neytral · ajraladi: turn it over to… |
Zarrachalar turn bilan
| Zarracha | Ma’no | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| on / off | tok yoki suv keladi / to‘xtaydi | chiroq, televizor, jo‘mrak |
| up / down | ko‘proq / kamroq | ovoz, issiqlik; up yana “paydo bo‘lish” |
| around / back | yo‘nalish teskariga | mashina, sayyoh |
| into | holat o‘zgaradi | suv muzga, hobbi ishga |
| out | yakuniy natija | “bo‘lib chiqdi” |
| over | ag‘darilish, qo‘ldan qo‘lga o‘tish | baliq, hamyon |
Turn up ning ikki ma’nosi bor: turn up the volume — ovozni ko‘tar, My keys turned up — kalitlarim topildi. Birinchisida to‘ldiruvchi bor, ikkinchisida yo‘q, shunga qarab ajrating.
Turn va o‘zbekcha “och/yop”, “bo‘ldi” muammosi
| Xato gap | To‘g‘ri gap | Izoh |
|---|---|---|
| Open the tap, please. | Turn on the tap, please. | “Jo‘mrakni och” so‘zma-so‘z; suv va tok uchun turn on |
| Close the water. | Turn off the water. | Xuddi shu sabab |
| He turned into a doctor. (kasb ma’nosida) | He became a doctor. | Turn into sehrli yoki to‘satdan o‘zgarish uchun; kasb — become |
| Make the music more quiet. | Turn the music down. | Tushunarli, lekin tabiiy emas |
| He turned down to help me. | He refused to help me. | Turn down + ot, keyin infinitiv kelmaydi |
| I turned back home at seven. | I came back home at seven. | Turn back yo‘lning o‘rtasida qaytish |
| The film is over, turn off it. | The film is over, turn it off. | Olmosh o‘rtada |
Dialog: qish oqshomi uyda
Dadasi: Who turned the heating up? The gas bill will be huge.
Laziza: Sorry, Dad, it was freezing. By the way, my phone won’t turn on.
Dadasi: Did you turn it off during the lesson? Maybe the battery is dead.
Laziza: Maybe. Also, I turned down the internship at the bank.
Dadasi: What? Why?
Laziza: It turned out they don’t pay anything. I want to turn my drawing hobby into a job.
Dadasi: Hmm. Well, you can always turn to me for advice. Now turn the TV down, your grandmother is asleep.
Dialogda sakkizta turn birikmasi bor: ularni qurilma, o‘zgarish va qaror guruhlariga ajratib yozing.
Mashq: turn bilan 15 ta gap
1–10: on, off, up, down, into, out, to, around, away, up (topilmoq) dan mosini qo‘ying. 11–15: xatoni tuzating.
- I can’t hear the news. Can you turn it ______?
- It’s late. Turn ______ the lights and go to sleep.
- The small café on our street has turned ______ a popular restaurant.
- My glasses turned ______ under the car seat.
- The new teacher turned ______ to be very kind.
- Mirzo turned ______ the offer because the salary was too low.
- If you ever need help, you can turn ______ your neighbours.
- The road was blocked, so we turned ______ and went home.
- Turn ______ the laptop and open the presentation.
- The club was full, so the guard turned us ______.
- Can you open the water? I want to wash my hands.
- It’s too loud. Please turn down it.
- After university, she turned into an engineer.
- They turned down to sell the house.
- The weather turned out beautiful, so we had a picnic.
Javoblar
- up — ovozni kuchaytirish; it o‘rtada.
- off — chiroqni o‘chirish.
- into — kafe restoranga aylandi.
- up — ko‘zoynak topilib qoldi; to‘ldiruvchisiz.
- out — turn out to be — bo‘lib chiqdi.
- down — taklifni rad etdi.
- to — yordam so‘rab murojaat qilish.
- around — yo‘ldan orqaga qaytdik; back ham to‘g‘ri.
- on — noutbukni yoqish.
- away — ichkariga kiritmadi.
- Can you turn on the water/tap? — suv uchun turn on.
- turn it down — olmosh o‘rtada.
- she became an engineer — kasb uchun become.
- They refused to sell the house yoki They turned down an offer for the house — turn down dan keyin infinitiv kelmaydi.
- Gap to‘g‘ri: turn out + sifat — ob-havo yaxshi bo‘lib chiqdi.
Turn dan keyingi qadamlar
Shu turkumning qo‘shni qismlari: look bilan phrasal verblar va give bilan phrasal verblar. Uy va kundalik vaziyatlardagi 30 ta eng kerakli birikma kundalik suhbat uchun phrasal verblar sahifasida jamlangan.
Turn birikmalarini Bandi bilan jonli sinash
BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan uy, ob-havo yoki rad etgan takliflaringiz haqida gaplashing: “Why did you turn it down?” degan savolga javob berish turn down va turn out ni birga ishlatishga majbur qiladi. Ilova talaffuz va grammatika bo‘yicha fikr beradi; bu rasmiy baho emas, lekin turn off it kabi tartib xatosini tez payqashga yordam beradi.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
