Give — “bermoq”. Zarracha qo‘shilganda “kimga va qanday berish” aniqlashadi: give back — egasiga qaytarib bermoq, give away — tekinga berib yubormoq, give out — ko‘p odamga tarqatmoq. Ko‘chma ma’noda esa berilgan narsa — kuch yoki qarshilik: give up — urinishni to‘xtatmoq, give in — bosimga yon bermoq. Quyida 16 ta give birikmasi o‘zbekcha ma’no, misol, uslub va olmosh tartibi bilan.
Tez yutuq: Give it back. Don’t give up on me. I give in! Uchinchisi bahsda hazil bilan “mayli, sen yutding” degani.
Give it back: tartib qoidasi
Deyarli barcha give birikmalari ajraladi. Ot bilan ikki tartib mumkin (give away the sofa / give the sofa away), olmosh bilan faqat bittasi: give it away, give them out. Ikki to‘ldiruvchi bo‘lsa: Give me back my charger yoki Give my charger back to me; olmosh bo‘lsa — Give it back to me. Give up on va give in to esa ajralmaydi.
Qo‘ldan qo‘lga: tom ma’no
| Phrasal verb | Ma’no | Misol | Uslub · tartib |
|---|---|---|---|
| give back | qaytarib bermoq | Give me back my charger when you’re done. | neytral · ajraladi: give it back |
| give away (narsa) | tekinga bermoq, hadya qilmoq | Before moving, we gave our old sofa away to the neighbours. | neytral · ajraladi: give it away |
| give out | tarqatmoq | Volunteers gave out free water at the Tashkent marathon. | neytral · ajraladi: give them out |
| give in (hujjat) | topshirmoq | Give in your application forms by Friday. | neytral (BrE) · ajraladi: give it in |
| give off | (hid, issiqlik, tutun) chiqarmoq | The tandir gives off a lovely smell of fresh bread. | neytral · odatda ot oxirida |
| give up (joy) | (joyini) bo‘shatib bermoq | He gave up his seat to an elderly woman on the metro. | neytral · ajraladi: give it up |
To‘xtash, taslim bo‘lish, yon berish
| Phrasal verb | Ma’no | Misol | Uslub · tartib |
|---|---|---|---|
| give up (odat) | tashlamoq, voz kechmoq | My uncle gave up energy drinks after his heart check-up. | neytral · + ot yoki -ing |
| give up (urinish) | taslim bo‘lmoq | I give up. What’s the answer to the riddle? | norasmiy · to‘ldiruvchisiz |
| give up on | (birovdan) umidini uzmoq | My teacher never gave up on me, even when my marks were terrible. | neytral · ajralmaydi: give up on him |
| give in | yon bermoq, bo‘ysunmoq | The kids begged for ice cream until their mum gave in. | neytral · give in to + odam/narsa |
| give out (kuch, qurilma) | ishdan chiqmoq, tugamoq | Halfway up Big Chimgan, my legs gave out. | norasmiy · to‘ldiruvchisiz |
| give yourself up | (politsiyaga) o‘zini topshirmoq | The thief gave himself up to the police the next day. | neytral · o‘zlik olmoshi o‘rtada |
| give up (vaqt) | (vaqtini) fido qilmoq | She gives up her Saturdays to teach children English for free. | neytral · ajraladi |
Give up va give in farqi: give up — o‘zingiz urinishni to‘xtatasiz (qiyin masala, dieta); give in — boshqa birovning bosimiga yon berasiz (bolaning iltimosi, raqibning talabi).
Sir va jamiyat: ko‘chma ma’no
| Phrasal verb | Ma’no | Misol | Uslub · tartib |
|---|---|---|---|
| give away (sir) | oshkor qilib qo‘ymoq | Don’t give away the ending of the series! | neytral · ajraladi: give it away |
| give back (to) | (jamiyatga) qarzini uzmoq, hissa qo‘shmoq | After his success, he wants to give back to his mahalla. | neytral · give back to + jamoa |
| give way | yo‘l bermoq; qulab tushmoq | Give way to pedestrians at the zebra crossing. / The old bridge gave way. | neytral; yo‘l belgisida rasmiy · to‘ldiruvchisiz |
Give way texnik jihatdan fe’l + ot (way), lekin xuddi phrasal verb kabi yodlanadi. Ruscha “уступить дорогу” ning to‘g‘ridan to‘g‘ri tarjimasi — aynan shu.
Zarracha give ga nima qo‘shadi
| Zarracha | G‘oya | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| back | egasiga qaytish | zaryadlagich, qarz, jamiyatga hissa |
| away | sizdan butunlay ketish | eski mebel, sir |
| out | ko‘pchilikka yoki oxirigacha | varaqalar tarqatish; kuch tugashi |
| up | butunlay, oxirigacha voz kechish | odat, urinish, joy |
| in | ichkariga, bo‘ysunish | hujjat topshirish; bosimga yon berish |
| off | tashqariga taralish | hid, issiqlik, tutun |
Give bilan “topshirmoq” va “berib yubormoq” chalkashligi
| Xato gap | To‘g‘ri gap | Izoh |
|---|---|---|
| I gave my exam yesterday. | I took my exam yesterday. | “Imtihon topshirdim” — take/sit an exam; give in faqat hujjat uchun |
| He gave up his old clothes to a charity. | He gave his old clothes away to a charity. | Hadya — give away; give up — voz kechish |
| I gave up to eat sugar. | I gave up eating sugar. | Give up + -ing |
| Give me back it. | Give it back to me. | Olmosh o‘rtada |
| Finally the teacher gave up and let us go early. | Finally the teacher gave in and let us go early. | Iltimosga yon berdi — give in |
| Give the road to the ambulance! | Give way to the ambulance! | Ruscha “уступить” — give way |
| She gave up from her dream. | She gave up on her dream. | From emas, on |
Dialog: ko‘chishdan bir hafta oldin
Rustam: Are you really moving to Samarkand next week?
Shahnoza: Yes. I’m giving away most of my furniture. Do you want the bookshelf?
Rustam: Sure! Oh, and I still have your hair dryer. I’ll give it back tomorrow.
Shahnoza: Thanks. Did you give in your thesis?
Rustam: Almost. I nearly gave up last month, but my supervisor didn’t give up on me.
Shahnoza: Lucky you. Mine only gave in when I cried in her office!
Rustam: Ha! And please don’t give away our surprise for Diyora’s birthday.
Dialogda yettita give birikmasi bor. Give up va give in qaysi vaziyatda ishlatilganiga e’tibor bering.
Mashq: give bilan 15 ta gap
1–10: back, away, out, in, off, up, up on, way dan mosini qo‘ying (birini ikki marta ishlatish mumkin). 11–15: xatoni tuzating.
- The teacher gave ______ the test papers and said “Start”.
- Please give ______ my book when you finish it.
- This old heater gives ______ a strange smell.
- My grandfather gave ______ smoking twenty years ago.
- The children cried for a puppy, and finally Dad gave ______.
- Drivers must give ______ to people on the zebra crossing.
- We gave ______ all our baby clothes to a young family in our mahalla.
- Don’t give ______ me! I know I can pass next time.
- You must give ______ your documents to the dekanat before June.
- Oops, I almost gave ______ the secret about the party.
- I gave my IELTS exam last Saturday.
- She gave up to drink coffee in the evening.
- Could you give back it to me?
- My brother gave up his old laptop to his classmate for free.
- After two hours of arguing, I gave up to my sister and let her choose the film.
Javoblar
- out — ko‘pchilikka tarqatdi.
- back — egasiga qaytarish; give me back my book.
- off — hid taratmoqda.
- up — odatni tashladi.
- in — bolalarning iltimosiga yon berdi.
- way — piyodaga yo‘l berish.
- away — tekinga berib yubordik.
- up on — mendan umidingizni uzmang.
- in — hujjatni topshirish (BrE); hand in ham to‘g‘ri.
- away — sirni oshkor qilish.
- I took (sat) my IELTS exam — imtihon uchun give emas.
- gave up drinking coffee — give up + -ing.
- give it back to me — olmosh o‘rtada.
- gave his old laptop away — tekinga berish give away.
- I gave in to my sister — bosimga yon berish give in to.
Give bilan bog‘liq keyingi sahifalar
Give back va take back juftligini solishtirish uchun take bilan phrasal verblar sahifasini oching. Turkumning oldingi qismi — turn bilan phrasal verblar, keyingisi — break, set va make bilan phrasal verblar. Bularni qanday uzoq muddat yodda saqlash haqida phrasal verblarni yodlash usullari sahifasida.
Give birikmalarini Bandi bilan og‘zaki sinab ko‘rish
BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan “nimani tashlagansiz yoki tashlamoqchisiz”, “kimga nima hadya qilgansiz” mavzularida gaplashing. I gave up… va I gave away… bilan boshlangan ikki-uch gaplik hikoya yetarli. Ilova talaffuz va grammatika bo‘yicha fikr bildiradi; bu rasmiy baho emas, ammo give up bilan give in ni aralashtirgan joyingizni ko‘rsatadi.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
