Uy ishlari ingliz tilida umumiy nom bilan housework (sanalmaydi) yoki household chores (sanaladi) deyiladi. Ko‘pchilik uy ishi do bilan aytiladi: do the dishes, do the laundry, do the ironing, do the shopping. Make esa biror narsa hosil bo‘lganda keladi: make the bed, make dinner, make a mess. Oilada kim nima qilishini aytish uchun My mum does most of the cooking, We take turns kabi iboralar yetarli.
Tezkor misol: I make the bed, my brother does the dishes, and we both do the shopping on Saturdays. Bu gapda ikkala fe’l ham to‘g‘ri joyida.
Oshxona va ovqat bilan bog‘liq ishlar
| Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| do the dishes / do the washing-up (UK) | idish yuvmoq | Whoever cooks doesn’t do the dishes. |
| dry the dishes | idishni artmoq | I wash, and my sister dries the dishes. |
| cook / make dinner | ovqat qilmoq | Dad makes dinner on Fridays. |
| set the table | dasturxon tuzamoq | Can you set the table for six? |
| clear the table | dasturxonni yig‘ishtirmoq | The kids clear the table after lunch. |
| wipe the table | stolni artmoq | Wipe the table before you put the bread down. |
| do the shopping | oziq-ovqat xarid qilmoq | We do the shopping at the supermarket on Sundays. |
| put the shopping away | xaridni joy-joyiga qo‘ymoq | Help me put the shopping away, please. |
| take out the rubbish (UK) / trash (US) | axlatni chiqarmoq | It’s your turn to take out the rubbish. |
Tozalash ishlari
| Inglizcha | Talaffuz | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| clean the house | uyni tozalamoq | We clean the house before guests arrive. | |
| tidy (up) my room | /ˈtaɪdi/ | xonamni yig‘ishtirmoq | Tidy up your room before you go out. |
| vacuum the carpet | /ˈvækjuːm/ | gilamni changyutgich bilan tozalamoq | I vacuum the carpets twice a week. |
| sweep the floor | /swiːp/ | polni supurmoq | Grandma sweeps the courtyard every morning. |
| mop the floor | /mɒp/ | pol yuvmoq | Don’t walk here, I’ve just mopped the floor. |
| dust the shelves | /dʌst/ | javonlarning changini artmoq | Nobody likes dusting the bookshelves. |
| clean the windows | derazalarni yuvmoq | Before Navruz we clean all the windows. | |
| clean the bathroom | vannaxonani tozalamoq | Cleaning the bathroom is the worst job. | |
| shake out the carpets | gilam qoqmoq | In spring we shake out the carpets in the yard. | |
| air the room | /eə/ | xonani shamollatmoq | Open the window and air the room. |
| put things away | narsalarni joyiga qo‘ymoq | Put your things away, the guests are coming! |
Vacuum yozuvda ikki u bilan, lekin o‘qilishi ikki bo‘g‘in: “VEK-yum”, urg‘u boshida. Changyutgichning o‘zi vacuum cleaner, Britaniyada og‘zaki hoover.
Kir, dazmol va boshqa ishlar
| Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| do the laundry / do the washing | kir yuvmoq | I do the laundry on Sunday mornings. |
| hang out the washing | kirni yoymoq | Hang out the washing on the balcony. |
| fold the clothes | kiyimlarni taxlamoq | Can you fold the clothes while I cook? |
| do the ironing / iron a shirt | dazmol qilmoq | He irons his own shirts. |
| change the sheets | choyshabni almashtirmoq | We change the sheets every week. |
| water the plants | gullarga suv quymoq | Don’t forget to water the plants. |
| feed the cat | mushukka ovqat bermoq | My little brother feeds the cat. |
| look after my younger siblings | ukalarimga qaramoq | After school I look after my younger siblings. |
| fix things | narsalarni tuzatmoq | My dad fixes everything himself. |
| pay the bills | kommunal to‘lovlarni to‘lamoq | I pay the bills online. |
Iron so‘zida r eshitilmaydi: /ˈaɪən/, “ayen”. “Ayron” deyish o‘zbek o‘quvchilarida juda ko‘p uchraydi, chunki yozuvga qarab o‘qiymiz.
Make yoki do?
Qoida ikki qismdan iborat. Do — takrorlanadigan ish, vazifa, faoliyat. Make — biror narsa yaratish, tayyorlash yoki natija chiqarish.
| Do | Make |
|---|---|
| do the housework | make the bed |
| do the dishes / the washing-up | make breakfast / lunch / dinner |
| do the laundry / the washing | make tea / coffee |
| do the ironing | make a mess |
| do the shopping | make a noise |
| do the cleaning | make a list |
| do some gardening | make a cake |
| do the chores | make time (for something) |
Istisno bilan tanishing: make the bed ish bo‘lsa ham make bilan keladi. Bunday birikmalarni qoida bilan emas, butun holicha yodlash oson. Uy ishlaridan tashqaridagi misollar (make a decision, do homework, make a mistake) make va do farqi sahifasida.
Oilada ish taqsimoti haqida gapirish
O‘zbek oilasida uy ishlari ko‘pincha an’anaga qarab bo‘linadi, lekin bu haqida inglizcha gapirganda neytral iboralar kerak bo‘ladi.
| Ibora | Ma’nosi | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| do most of the … | …ning ko‘p qismini qilmoq | My mum does most of the cooking. |
| be responsible for | …ga javobgar bo‘lmoq | I’m responsible for the shopping. |
| take turns | navbat bilan qilmoq | My brothers take turns washing the car. |
| share / split the chores | ishlarni bo‘lishmoq | We split the chores equally. |
| help out (with) | yordamlashmoq | Everyone helps out when guests come. |
| a cleaning rota | navbatchilik jadvali | Our dorm has a cleaning rota on the door. |
| I don’t mind … | …ga qarshi emasman | I don’t mind ironing; it’s relaxing. |
| I can’t stand … | …ni yomon ko‘raman | I can’t stand cleaning the bathroom. |
Mahallaga xos tadbirni ham tushuntira olasiz: On hashar days, the whole mahalla cleans the streets and plants trees together. “Hashar”ni a community clean-up day deb izohlash yetarli.
Namuna javob va dialog
IELTS Speaking Part 1’da Do you help with the housework? kabi savol tushishi mumkin. Quyidagi javob mashq uchun namuna, rasmiy savol emas:
Yes, I do. I live with my parents and two younger brothers, so there’s always something to do. My mum does most of the cooking, but I’m responsible for the shopping and I do the dishes after dinner. My brothers take turns taking out the rubbish. Honestly, I don’t mind washing up, but I can’t stand ironing – I always leave it until the last minute.
Yotoqxonada yashovchi ikki talaba ishlarni bo‘lishmoqda:
Sardor: We need a plan. The kitchen is a mess again.
Ali: I know. How about a cleaning rota? We can put it on the fridge.
Sardor: Good idea. I can do the dishes on weekdays if you do the shopping.
Ali: Deal. What about the bathroom?
Sardor: Let’s take turns. One week you, one week me.
Ali: Fine. And the rubbish? Nobody ever takes it out.
Sardor: Whoever fills the bin takes it out. Simple.
Ali: OK, but I’m not ironing your shirts.
O‘zbek o‘quvchilari ko‘p qiladigan xatolar
| Xato | To‘g‘ri |
|---|---|
| I make the dishes. | I do the dishes. |
| I do the bed every morning. | I make the bed every morning. |
| I help to my mother. | I help my mother. |
| I do a lot of houseworks. | I do a lot of housework. |
| I clean the dust. | I dust the furniture. |
| I wash the floor with a broom. | I sweep the floor. (supurgi bilan) / I mop the floor. (latta bilan) |
| Throw the rubbish. | Take out the rubbish. |
| iron “ayron” | /ˈaɪən/, “ayen” |
O‘zbekcha “yordam bermoq” fe’li -ga qo‘shimchasi bilan keladi, shuning uchun help to xatosi tug‘iladi. Inglizcha help to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri kishiga bog‘lanadi: help my dad, help him with the car.
Mashq: make yoki do
- 1. Can you ______ the bed before you leave?
- 2. I usually ______ the washing-up after lunch.
- 3. Who’s going to ______ dinner tonight?
- 4. My sister hates ______ the ironing.
- 5. Please don’t ______ a mess in the kitchen.
- 6. We ______ the shopping on Saturday mornings.
- 7. Let me ______ some tea for our guests.
- 8. He never ______ any housework.
- 9. Could you ______ a list of what we need?
- 10. I ______ the laundry twice a week.
Qo‘shimcha: “Men har kuni idish yuvaman, akam esa dazmol qiladi” gapini inglizcha yozing.
Javoblar
1 — make; 2 — do; 3 — make; 4 — doing; 5 — make; 6 — do; 7 — make; 8 — does; 9 — make; 10 — do. Qo‘shimcha: I do the dishes every day, and my brother does the ironing.
Kun tartibingizdagi boshqa ishlar (get up, take the metro, go to bed) kundalik ishlar inglizcha sahifasida. Oila a’zolarini to‘g‘ri nomlash uchun oila a’zolari inglizcha qo‘llanmasiga qarang.
BandMate bilan mashq
BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan “oilada kim nima qiladi” mavzusida suhbatlashing: u Who does the cooking in your family? kabi savollar beradi, make/do xatosini ko‘rsatadi va iron, vacuum talaffuzi bo‘yicha izoh beradi. IELTS Speaking mock rejimida esa yuqoridagi namuna javob kabi Part 1 savollariga vaqt bilan javob berib ko‘rishingiz mumkin. AI bergan baho rasmiy IELTS bali emas, lekin qayerda to‘xtab qolayotganingizni ko‘rsatadi.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
