Win + musobaqa yoki mukofot: win a match, win a medal, win the cup. Beat + raqib: beat Iran, beat my brother at chess. Bitta gapda: We beat Team B and won the match. — B jamoani yutdik va o‘yinda g‘alaba qozondik.
O‘zbekcha yutmoq ikkalasini ham qoplaydi: “o‘yinni yutdik” ham, “Eronni yutdik” ham. Inglizchada esa savol beriladi: “Nimani yutdingiz — o‘yinni yoki odamni?” O‘yin, sovrin — win; odam, jamoa — beat. Pulga kelsak, ish bilan topilgan pul — earn, asta-sekin orttirilgan narsa — gain.
To‘rt fe’l bir jadvalda
| Win | Beat | Earn | Gain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ma’no | g‘alaba qozonmoq; sovrin olmoq | raqibdan ustun kelmoq | mehnat evaziga olmoq | asta-sekin orttirmoq, foyda olmoq |
| Orqasidan nima keladi | o‘yin, musobaqa, sovrin, saylov, bahs, lotereya | odam, jamoa, rekord | pul, maosh; hurmat, ishonch | tajriba, vazn, ishonch, mashhurlik |
| Misol | win the final, win a prize | beat Japan 2–1 | earn a living, earn respect | gain experience, gain weight |
| O‘tgan zamon | won – won | beat – beaten | earned | gained |
| O‘zbekcha | yutmoq, g‘olib bo‘lmoq, yutib olmoq | yutmoq, yengmoq | ishlab topmoq; munosib bo‘lmoq | orttirmoq, to‘plamoq; semirmoq |
| Ruscha | выиграть, победить | обыграть, победить, выиграть у | зарабатывать, заслужить | получить, набрать, приобрести |
Rus tilida so‘zlashuvchilar uchun tuzoq: выиграть у Ирана so‘zma-so‘z win Iran bo‘lib chiqadi. Inglizchada win orqasidan raqib kelmaydi: beat Iran yoki rasmiyroq defeat Iran. Win against Iran esa to‘g‘ri, chunki orada against bor.
Win: nima yutildi?
Win orqasidan g‘alaba yoki mukofotning nomi keladi:
- o‘yin va musobaqa: win a game, win the match, win the league, win the tournament
- sovrin: win a medal, win first prize, win a trophy, win an award, win a scholarship
- boshqa: win an election, win an argument, win the lottery, win a bet
Ob’ektsiz ham ishlatiladi: Who won? — Kim yutdi? We won 3–0. Win ning o‘tgan zamoni won [wʌn], xuddi one kabi o‘qiladi.
Pul bilan: win money — o‘yinda, lotereyada, tanlovda yutib olish. Ish bilan topilgan pul uchun win emas, earn.
Beat: kimni yutdik?
Beat orqasidan raqib keladi: odam, jamoa, maktab, mamlakat:
- Our city team beat the team from Namangan in the semi-final.
- My little sister always beats me at chess.
- Our school team beat School No. 12 by two goals.
Qaysi o‘yinda — at: beat someone at chess / tennis / cards. Qancha hisobda — beat someone 3–1 yoki by two goals.
Beat raqib bo‘lmagan narsalar bilan ham: beat a record (rekordni yangilamoq), beat the traffic (tirbandlikka qolmaslik uchun erta chiqmoq), beat an illness (kasallikni yengmoq). Eng muhimi — “yengilgan” tomon beat dan keyin turadi.
Yutqazish tomoni: lose a match, lose to someone: We lost to Japan. Lose ning imlo va miss bilan farqi lose va loose sahifasida.
Earn, gain va make money
Earn — mehnat evaziga: earn money, earn a salary, earn a living (tirikchilik qilmoq). Ko‘chma ma’noda — munosib bo‘lmoq: earn respect, earn a place in the team. Ish haqi so‘zlari (salary, wage, income) farqi alohida sahifada.
Make money — umumiy “pul topmoq”, qanday yo‘l bilan bo‘lsa ham: He makes money selling phones. Bu earn dan norasmiyroq.
Gain — asta-sekin orttirmoq yoki foyda ko‘rmoq: gain experience, gain confidence, gain weight, gain popularity. Gain money deyish mumkin, lekin kundalik nutqda kam; ot sifatida financial gain ko‘proq uchraydi.
Uchalasini bir gapda solishtiring: During my internship I earned a small salary, gained a lot of experience and won an award for the best project.
Rasmlarda: sport, mukofot va daromad
Bir fe’l almashsa, gap boshqa bo‘ladi
| Birinchi gap | Ikkinchi gap |
|---|---|
| We won the final. — Finalda g‘olib bo‘ldik. | We beat the finalists. — Finalchilarni yengdik (qaysi bosqichda ekani aniq emas). |
| She won a lot of money. — Ko‘p pul yutib oldi (tanlov, lotereya). | She earned a lot of money. — Ko‘p pul ishlab topdi. |
| He gained five kilos. — Besh kilo semirdi. | He won five kilos of sugar. — Tanlovda besh kilo shakar yutdi. |
| They beat the record. — Rekordni yangiladi. | They won the record. — Bunday gap yo‘q; rekord “yutilmaydi”. |
| I won the argument. — Bahsda men haq chiqdim. | I beat him in the argument. — Mumkin, lekin won the argument tabiiyroq. |
“Eronni yutdik” → We won Iran: 10 ta xato
| Xato | To‘g‘ri | Izoh |
|---|---|---|
| We won Iran 2–1. | We beat Iran 2–1. | raqib — beat |
| She beat the competition and got a medal. | She won the competition. | musobaqa — win (beat the competition = raqiblarni yengmoq, boshqa ma’no) |
| I want to win a lot of money in IT. | I want to earn a lot of money in IT. | ish bilan — earn |
| He earned the lottery. | He won the lottery. | omad — win |
| I won my brother at chess. | I beat my brother at chess. | raqib + at |
| He gained the match. | He won the match. | o‘yin — win |
| I want to earn experience. | I want to gain experience. | tajriba — gain |
| Our team winned. | Our team won. | noto‘g‘ri fe’l |
| They have beat us twice. | They have beaten us twice. | V3 — beaten |
| We lost from Japan. | We lost to Japan. | lose to |
Ikkinchi qatorga e’tibor bering: beat the competition ham bor, lekin u “musobaqani” emas, “raqiblarni” anglatadi (biznesda: beat the competition = raqobatchilardan ustun kelmoq).
Dialog: kurash turniridan keyin
Nodir: Did your brother win yesterday?
Ulug‘bek: Yes! He beat three guys in one day and won the gold medal.
Nodir: Wow. Who did he beat in the final?
Ulug‘bek: A wrestler from Khorezm, much bigger than him. Everyone thought my brother would lose.
Nodir: Did he win any money?
Ulug‘bek: A small prize. But he says the real thing is that he gained confidence. He wants to earn a place in the national youth team.
Nodir: He’s earned it. Tell him congratulations!
Sport turlarining nomlari va play, go, do bilan qanday aytilishi — sport turlari sahifasida.
Mashq: win, beat, earn, gain yoki lose? (15 ta gap)
Fe’lni kerakli shaklda qo‘ying.
- Real Madrid ______ Barcelona 3–1 last night.
- Who ______ the World Cup in 2022?
- My father ______ his living as a taxi driver.
- I ______ three kilos during the holidays. Too much plov!
- She ______ first prize in the regional English olympiad.
- Nobody can ______ my grandmother at backgammon.
- He ______ a lot of experience working at IT Park.
- Our team played well, but we ______ to a stronger team.
- You need to ______ your teacher’s trust again.
- They have never ______ us at home.
- How much does a nurse ______ in your city?
- Which party ______ the election?
- The runner ______ the world record by two seconds.
- After a year in London, he ______ confidence in speaking.
- I didn’t ______ the lottery, but I found 10,000 so‘m in my old jacket.
Javoblar
- beat — raqib jamoa (o‘tgan zamon ham beat).
- won — musobaqa nomi keladi (javob: Argentina).
- earns — ish bilan tirikchilik, earn a living.
- gained — vazn orttirdim.
- won — sovrin.
- beat — raqib (buvim), at backgammon.
- gained — tajriba.
- lost — lose to + raqib.
- earn — hurmat, ishonchga munosib bo‘lish.
- beaten — Present Perfect, V3.
- earn — maosh.
- won — saylov.
- beat — rekordni yangiladi.
- gained — ishonch orttirdi.
- win — lotereya.
12 va undan ko‘p to‘g‘ri bo‘lsa, win/beat farqi sizda bor. 1, 6 va 10-savollarda xato qilsangiz, “odam bo‘lsa — beat” qoidasini qayta o‘qing.
Sport haqida gapirib mashq qilish
IELTS Speaking Part 1 da sport savollari tez-tez uchraydi: “Do you like watching sports?”, “Have you ever won anything?”. Shu savollarga namuna javoblar IELTS sport savollari sahifasida.
BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan sevimli jamoangiz, oxirgi o‘yin yoki o‘zingiz yutgan tanlov haqida gaplashing. “Who did they beat?”, “What did you win?” kabi savollarga javob berganda fe’llar o‘z-o‘zidan kerak bo‘ladi; AI noto‘g‘ri fe’lni belgilab, to‘g‘risini ko‘rsatadi. Bu mashq uchun yordam, rasmiy baho emas.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
