Ikki narsa bir xil bo‘lsa, ingliz tilida as + sifat + as qolipi ishlatiladi: My sister is as tall as my mum — Singlim onamdek baland (bo‘yi onamniki bilan teng). Inkorda not as… as — “…chalik emas”: Our flat isn’t as big as yours — Bizning kvartira siznikichalik katta emas.
O‘zbekchadagi -dek / -day va -chalik qo‘shimchalari aynan shu qolipga to‘g‘ri keladi. Qolgan tenglik va farq iboralari — the same as, similar to, different from — shu sahifada jadval bilan berilgan.
Tenglik va farq iboralari bitta jadvalda
| Qolip | Ma’nosi | Misol | O‘zbekcha |
|---|---|---|---|
| as + sifat + as | bir xil darajada | This bag is as light as a feather. | Bu sumka patdek yengil. |
| not as + sifat + as | …chalik emas | The test wasn’t as hard as I expected. | Test men kutganchalik qiyin emas edi. |
| as + ravish + as | xuddi …dek (harakat) | I came as quickly as I could. | Imkonim boricha tez keldim. |
| as much / many + ot + as | …chalik ko‘p | I don’t earn as much money as my brother. | Akamchalik ko‘p pul topmayman. |
| the same + ot + as | … bilan bir xil | She’s the same age as me. | U men bilan tengdosh. |
| the same as | … bilan bir xil | My phone is the same as yours. | Telefonim siznikining xuddi o‘zi (bir xil model). |
| similar to | …ga o‘xshash | Uzbek is similar to Turkish. | O‘zbek tili turk tiliga o‘xshaydi. |
| different from | …dan farqli | British English is different from American English. | Britaniya inglizchasi Amerika inglizchasidan farq qiladi. |
| like | …ga o‘xshab, …dek | He looks like his father. | U otasiga o‘xshaydi. |
Eng muhim nuqta: as… as ichida sifat oddiy darajada qoladi. As taller as, as more expensive as degan shakl yo‘q.
Not as… as: yumshoq taqqoslash
Ikkita gap bir xil ma’noni beradi, lekin ohangi farq qiladi:
| Qiyosiy daraja bilan | Not as… as bilan |
|---|---|
| My room is smaller than yours. — Xonam siznikidan kichikroq. | My room isn’t as big as yours. — Xonam siznikichalik katta emas. |
| The new teacher is stricter. | The old teacher wasn’t as strict. |
| Chilonzor is cheaper than Yunusobod. | Chilonzor isn’t as expensive as Yunusobod. |
Not as… as ko‘pincha muloyimroq eshitiladi, ayniqsa odam haqida gapirganda. Your essay is worse than Ali’s o‘rniga Your essay isn’t as good as Ali’s deyish yumshoqroq. Ba’zan not so… as ham uchraydi: It’s not so bad as I thought. Ma’no bir xil, lekin not as ko‘proq ishlatiladi.
Gapning ikkinchi qismi qisqarishi mumkin: Samarkand is beautiful, but it isn’t as big. — Ikkinchi as va solishtiriladigan narsa aytilmaydi, chunki kontekstdan tushunarli.
Nearly, just, twice: as… as ni aniqlashtirish
| Ibora | Ma’nosi | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| just as | xuddi o‘shandek | The cheap headphones are just as good as the expensive ones. |
| nearly / almost as | deyarli … dek | My son is almost as tall as me now. |
| not quite as | unchalik emas (sal kam) | The sequel isn’t quite as funny as the first film. |
| twice as… as | ikki barobar | A taxi costs twice as much as the metro. |
| three times as… as | uch barobar | Their garden is three times as big as ours. |
| as soon as possible | iloji boricha tez | Please reply as soon as possible. |
Twice as much as — “ikki barobar ko‘p”. O‘zbekchada “ikki barobar qimmat” deymiz, inglizchada twice as expensive as yoki twice the price of deyiladi. Two times more expensive ham og‘zakida eshitiladi, lekin imtihonda twice as expensive as xavfsizroq.
Rasmlarda: bir xil va bir xil emas
Rasmlarga qarab o‘z oilangiz haqida gap tuzing: My dad is as tall as my uncle. My sister doesn’t look like my mum. Odamning bo‘yi, sochi va ko‘rinishi haqidagi so‘zlar tashqi ko‘rinishni tasvirlash sahifasida.
The same, similar, different: qaysi predlog
Bu uchta so‘zda xato ko‘pincha predlogda bo‘ladi. Jadvalni yodlab oling:
| To‘g‘ri | Noto‘g‘ri | Izoh |
|---|---|---|
| the same as | the same like, the same with | as bilan |
| similar to | similar with, similar like | to bilan |
| different from | different of | from eng xavfsiz; different to (BrE) va different than (AmE) ham uchraydi |
| look like | look as | He looks like a footballer. |
The same dan oldin deyarli doim the turadi: We live in the same building. O‘zbekchada “bir xil” deganda artikl yo‘q, shuning uchun We have same phone xatosi ko‘p uchraydi.
Malika bozorida: ikki telefonni solishtirish
Kamola Toshkentdagi telefon bozorida sotuvchi bilan gaplashyapti.
Kamola: Hi. I’m looking for a phone for my mum. Something simple.
Seller: This one is popular. And this one is similar, but it’s a newer model.
Kamola: Is the camera different?
Seller: Not really. They have the same camera. The newer one has a bigger battery.
Kamola: Is it much more expensive?
Seller: No, it isn’t as expensive as you think. Only about ten percent more.
Kamola: Is the screen as big as on my phone?
Seller: Almost as big. Your phone is a bit wider.
Kamola: My mum’s eyes aren’t as good as they were. Can she make the text bigger?
Seller: Of course. It works the same as on your phone.
Kamola: Great, I’ll take the newer one.
Dialogda similar, different, the same camera, not as expensive as, as big as, almost as big, not as good as, the same as bor. Narxlar va modellar misol uchun, haqiqiy do‘kon narxlari boshqacha bo‘lishi mumkin.
As taller as va the same like: o‘zbekchadan o‘tadigan xatolar
| Noto‘g‘ri | To‘g‘ri | Sababi |
|---|---|---|
| He is as taller as me. | He is as tall as me. | as… as ichida oddiy daraja |
| My bag is as your bag. | My bag is the same as yours. / My bag is like yours. | as yolg‘iz kelmaydi |
| This city is not so big like Tashkent. | This city is not as big as Tashkent. | ikkinchi so‘z ham as |
| Her dress is similar with mine. | Her dress is similar to mine. | similar to |
| We are same age. | We are the same age. | the kerak |
| He doesn’t work as much hours as me. | He doesn’t work as many hours as me. | hours sanaladi — many |
| Tea is two times cheaper as coffee. | Tea is half as expensive as coffee. | “ikki barobar arzon” — half as expensive |
Oxirgi qator ko‘pchilikni chalg‘itadi: rus va o‘zbek tilidagi “ikki barobar arzon” qolipi inglizchada half the price of yoki half as expensive as bilan beriladi.
Mashq: 14 ta savol
A. As… as yoki not as… as bilan to‘ldiring.
- 1. My laptop is old, but it’s (fast) ______ yours. (bir xil)
- 2. The film wasn’t (good) ______ the book.
- 3. I can’t run (quickly) ______ my brother.
- 4. Tashkent in January isn’t (cold) ______ Moscow.
- 5. She has (many) ______ books ______ a small library.
- 6. This bag costs twice (much) ______ that one.
B. Predlog yoki so‘zni qo‘ying: as, to, from, like, the.
- 7. Her handwriting is very similar ______ yours.
- 8. My answer is the same ______ Anvar’s.
- 9. Life in a village is very different ______ life in a big city.
- 10. You look ______ your grandfather.
- 11. We were born in ______ same year.
C. Xatoni tuzating.
- 12. Nodir is as older as Ravshan.
- 13. This phone is the same like mine.
- 14. I don’t have as much friends as my sister.
Javoblar
- 1. as fast as — tenglik, sifat oddiy darajada.
- 2. as good as — inkor gapda not as… as.
- 3. as quickly as — fe’l bilan ravish (run quickly).
- 4. as cold as — Toshkent qishi Moskvanikichalik sovuq emas.
- 5. as many… as — books sanaladi.
- 6. as much as — narx, twice as much as.
- 7. to — similar to.
- 8. as — the same as.
- 9. from — different from.
- 10. like — look like.
- 11. the — the same year.
- 12. Nodir is as old as Ravshan. — as… as ichida oddiy daraja.
- 13. This phone is the same as mine.
- 14. I don’t have as many friends as my sister. — friends sanaladi.
-er va the most bilan solishtirish sifat darajalari sahifasida, good → better kabi yodlanadigan shakllar esa good, better, best maqolasida. Hammasini aralashtirib takrorlash uchun sifat darajalari mashqlari ga o‘ting.
Oilangizni as… as bilan tasvirlang
Bu qolip IELTS Speaking’da ham, kundalik suhbatda ham tabiiy eshitiladi: It’s not as busy as it used to be kabi gap nutqni jonli qiladi. BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan ovozli suhbatda oilangiz, shahringiz yoki ikki narsani solishtirib gapirishingiz mumkin; ilova the same like yoki as taller as kabi xatolarni ko‘rsatadi. Hozir oila a’zolaringiz haqida uchta gap ayting: biri as… as, biri not as… as, biri the same… as bilan.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
