Tashqi ko‘rinishni tasvirlash inglizcha: bo‘y, soch va yuz

Odamning tashqi ko‘rinishini inglizcha tasvirlash uchun ikki fe’l yetadi: bo‘y, gavda va yosh uchun be (He’s tall and slim. She’s in her thirties.), soch, ko‘z va soqol uchun have / have got (She has long dark hair. He’s got a short beard.). Tartib odatda umumiydan xususiyga boradi: bo‘y va gavda → yosh → yuz va soch → kiyim yoki o‘ziga xos belgi.

Hozir bitta gapni ovoz chiqarib ayting: My brother is tall and slim, and he has short curly hair. Shu gapda tasvirlashning butun formulasi bor.

Savolni ham farqlang: What does he look like? — “U qanaqa ko‘rinishda?” (tashqi ko‘rinish). What is he like? — “U qanaqa odam?” (xarakter). How is he? — “U qalay, yaxshimi?” (sog‘lig‘i, ahvoli).

short and tall — past bo‘yli bola va baland bo‘yli yigit — **short and tall**past bo‘yli bola va baland bo‘yli yigit

tall — baland bo‘yli yigit tokchaning yuqorisiga qo‘l cho‘zmoqda — **tall**baland bo‘yli yigit tokchaning yuqorisiga qo‘l cho‘zmoqda

a beard — qora soqolli erkak — **a beard**qora soqolli erkak

long dark hair — uzun qora sochli ayol — **long dark hair**uzun qora sochli ayol

fair wavy hair — sarg‘ish to‘lqinsimon sochli ayol — **fair wavy hair**sarg‘ish to‘lqinsimon sochli ayol

a long plait — uzun o‘rilgan sochli ayol — **a long plait**uzun o‘rilgan sochli ayol

curly hair and glasses — jingalak sochli, ko‘zoynakli yigit — **curly hair and glasses**jingalak sochli, ko‘zoynakli yigit

dark eyes — qora ko‘zli qiz — **dark eyes**qora ko‘zli qiz

Bo‘y va gavda: muloyim so‘z qayerda

Ingliz tilida odamning tanasi haqida to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri gapirish ko‘pincha qo‘pol eshitiladi. O‘zbek tilida “semiz” deb hazil qilish mumkin bo‘lgan joyda inglizzabon suhbatdosh xafa bo‘lishi mumkin. Shuning uchun jadvalda har so‘zning ohangi ko‘rsatilgan.

Inglizcha	O‘zbekcha	Ohang	Misol
tall	baland bo‘yli	neytral	Aziz is very tall; he plays basketball.
of medium height	o‘rta bo‘yli	neytral	She’s of medium height, about 1.65.
not very tall	uncha baland emas	muloyim	My dad isn’t very tall, but he’s strong.
short	past bo‘yli	ehtiyot bo‘ling	He’s a bit short for a volleyball player.
slim	xushbichim, ozg‘in	ijobiy	She’s slim because she walks everywhere.
slender	nozik, kelishgan	ijobiy, adabiyroq	The dancer was tall and slender.
thin	oriq	neytral, ba’zan salbiy	He looks thin after his illness.
skinny	juda oriq, qoq suyak	salbiy	Odam haqida aytmang.
well-built	gavdali, baquvvat	ijobiy	He’s well-built, like a wrestler.
stocky	yo‘g‘on suyakli, kalta-baquvvat	neytral	The farmer was short and stocky.
a bit heavy / a bit overweight	biroz to‘laroq	muloyim	My uncle is a bit heavy, but very active.
plump / chubby	to‘lagina (bola haqida)	yumshoq	What a chubby baby!
overweight	ortiqcha vaznli	tibbiy, rasmiy	Shifokor tilida ishlatiladi.
fat	semiz	qo‘pol	Odamning yuziga aytmang.

Talaffuz: height /haɪt/ “xayt” deb o‘qiladi, “heyt” emas. Build /bɪld/ — “bild”, u o‘qilmaydi.

Yosh: raqamsiz aytish

Yoshni aniq bilmasangiz yoki aytish noqulay bo‘lsa, taxminiy iboralar ishlatiladi.

Inglizcha	O‘zbekcha	Misol
young	yosh	The new teacher is very young.
in his / her twenties	yigirma yoshlarda	She’s in her twenties, maybe 25.
in his early thirties	o‘ttizdan sal oshgan	He’s in his early thirties.
in her late forties	ellikka yaqin	My aunt is in her late forties.
middle-aged	o‘rta yoshli	A middle-aged man opened the door.
elderly	keksa, yoshi ulug‘	An elderly lady sat next to me on the metro.
old	qari	Muloyimroq: elderly yoki older.

a boy — futbol to‘pi ushlagan o‘g‘il bola — **a boy**futbol to‘pi ushlagan o‘g‘il bola

a girl with plaits — o‘rilgan sochli, kitob quchoqlagan qiz — **a girl with plaits**o‘rilgan sochli, kitob quchoqlagan qiz

a man with short dark hair — qisqa qora sochli erkak — **a man with short dark hair**qisqa qora sochli erkak

a woman with her hair up — sochini yig‘ib olgan ayol — **a woman with her hair up**sochini yig‘ib olgan ayol

a grey beard and a doppi — oq soqolli, do‘ppili bobo — **a grey beard and a doppi**oq soqolli, do‘ppili bobo

grey hair and a headscarf — oq sochli, ro‘mol o‘ragan buvi — **grey hair and a headscarf**oq sochli, ro‘mol o‘ragan buvi

glasses — ko‘zoynak — **glasses**ko‘zoynak

Soch: uzunlik, shakl, rang

Soch tasvirida sifatlar qat’iy tartibda keladi: uzunlik → shakl → rang → hair. Long curly black hair, lekin black long curly hair emas. Nega aynan shunday ekani sifatlar tartibi sahifasida jadval bilan tushuntirilgan.

Guruh	Inglizcha	O‘zbekcha
uzunlik	short, shoulder-length, long	qisqa, yelkagacha, uzun
shakl	straight, wavy, curly	tekis, to‘lqinsimon, jingalak
rang	black, dark, brown, fair, blonde, red, grey	qora, to‘q, jigarrang, och, sariq, malla, oq (chal)
turmak	in a ponytail, in a plait (US: braid), in a bun	dumcha qilib, o‘rilgan, tugun qilib
boshqa	bald, losing his hair	kal, sochi to‘kilayotgan

She has shoulder-length wavy brown hair.
My grandmother’s hair is grey, and she wears it in a bun.
He’s losing his hair, so he keeps it very short. (He’s going bald ham to‘g‘ri, lekin yuzma-yuz losing his hair yumshoqroq.)

Hair — sanalmaydigan ot. She has long hair to‘g‘ri; a long hair yoki long hairs — bu “bir necha tola soch” degani: There are hairs on the sofa. Fe’l ham birlikda: Her hair is long.

Yuz, ko‘z va o‘ziga xos belgilar

Inglizcha	O‘zbekcha	Misol
a round / an oval face	dumaloq / cho‘zinchoq yuz	She has a round face and dimples.
dark / brown / green / blue eyes	qora / jigarrang / yashil / ko‘k ko‘z	Both my sisters have dark eyes.
dimples	kulganda yuzdagi chuqurcha	Her dimples show when she laughs.
freckles	sepkil	He has freckles on his nose.
pale / tanned skin	oqish / qorayib ketgan teri	He’s tanned after a summer in the village.
a beard / a moustache	soqol / mo‘ylov	My grandfather has a white beard.
clean-shaven	soqol-mo‘ylovsiz	My dad is always clean-shaven.
wrinkles	ajin	She has laughter wrinkles around her eyes.
a scar	chandiq	He has a small scar on his chin.
wear glasses	ko‘zoynak taqmoq	She wears glasses for reading.
wear a headscarf	ro‘mol o‘ramoq	My mum wears a colourful headscarf.
wear a doppi	do‘ppi kiymoq	Older men in our mahalla often wear a doppi.

Umumiy baho uchun: good-looking (ikkala jins uchun), handsome (odatda erkak), pretty / beautiful (odatda ayol), attractive. Plain va ugly odam haqida aytilmaydi. Kiyim va aksessuarlar uchun so‘zlar kiyimlar inglizcha sahifasida.

Qo‘pol eshitiladigan gapni yumshatish

O‘zbekchadan so‘zma-so‘z tarjima ko‘pincha keskin chiqadi. Chap ustundagi gap grammatik jihatdan to‘g‘ri, lekin inglizzabon quloqqa qo‘pol.

Qo‘pol	Muloyim	Nima o‘zgardi
She’s fat.	She’s a bit heavy. / She’s quite curvy.	a bit yumshatadi
He’s short.	He’s not very tall.	inkor + qarama-qarshi so‘z
She’s old.	She’s elderly. / She’s in her seventies.	aniq yosh o‘rniga davr
He’s bald.	He’s losing his hair. / He shaves his head.	holat o‘rniga jarayon
She’s skinny.	She’s very slim.	ijobiy so‘z
He’s ugly.	Tashqi ko‘rinish o‘rniga xarakterni ayting.	—

“Semirib ketibsan” yoki “ozib ketibsan” deb so‘rashish ko‘p o‘zbek oilalarida g‘amxo‘rlik belgisi. Ingliz tilidagi muhitda You’ve put on weight deyish odatda noqulay vaziyat yaratadi. Xavfsiz variant: You look well! yoki You look great!

Tipik xatolar: “She is long hair” va boshqalar

Xato	To‘g‘ri	Izoh
She is long hair.	She has long hair.	Soch uchun have.
He has 25 years.	He’s 25. / He’s in his twenties.	Yosh uchun be.
She has a black long hair.	She has long black hair.	Artikl yo‘q, tartib: uzunlik → rang.
He is with beard.	He has a beard.	With faqat ot oldidan: the man with a beard.
How does he look like?	What does he look like?	How va like birga kelmaydi.
Her eyes is brown.	Her eyes are brown.	Eyes ko‘plik.

O‘zbek tilida “u” jinsga qarab o‘zgarmaydi, shuning uchun tasvir o‘rtasida he va she aralashib ketadi. Kimni tasvirlayotganingizni boshida aniq ayting va har gapda tekshiring.

Namuna tasvir: IELTS Part 2 uchun odam

IELTS Speaking Part 2 da ko‘pincha odamni tasvirlash so‘raladi. Quyidagi matn mashq uchun yozilgan namuna, rasmiy imtihon savoli emas. Tashqi ko‘rinish qismi qisqa bo‘lsin: imtihonchi ko‘proq nima uchun bu odam muhimligini eshitmoqchi.

I’d like to talk about my neighbour, Karim aka. He’s in his late sixties and he’s lived in our mahalla for as long as I can remember. He isn’t very tall, but he’s well-built, because he still works in his garden every morning. He has a round, tanned face, a short grey beard and very bright eyes, and he almost always wears a doppi and an old blue jacket. When he smiles, you can see laughter wrinkles around his eyes. What I like most about him is that he notices everyone: he knows every child’s name and he always asks how our exams went.

E’tibor bering: matnda old yoki short yo‘q, lekin tasvir aniq. Shu kabi to‘liq javob va boshqa kartalar IELTS Speaking people cue cards sahifasida. Xarakterni tasvirlash uchun so‘zlar esa qo‘shni sahifa — xarakter sifatlari inglizcha.

Mashq

A. So‘zlarni to‘g‘ri tartibda yozing.

1. hair / black / long / straight
2. eyes / big / brown
3. hair / grey / short / curly

B. Muloyimroq qilib qayta yozing.

4. Your uncle is fat.
5. The new manager is short.
6. The woman next door is old.

C. Xatoni tuzating.

7. My sister is long hair.
8. How does your brother look like?
9. He has 40 years and he is with moustache.
10. Her hairs are very beautiful.

Javoblar

1 — long straight black hair; 2 — big brown eyes; 3 — short curly grey hair; 4 — Your uncle is a bit heavy (yoki a bit overweight); 5 — The new manager isn’t very tall; 6 — The woman next door is elderly (yoki in her seventies); 7 — My sister has long hair; 8 — What does your brother look like?; 9 — He’s 40 and he has a moustache; 10 — Her hair is very beautiful.

Bandi bilan odamni tasvirlab ko‘ring

BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan suhbatda oila a’zongiz yoki do‘stingizni tasvirlang: Bandi What does she look like? va What is she like? deb aralash so‘raydi, siz esa farqini ushlashingiz kerak bo‘ladi. Ovozli javobda he/she aralashsa yoki she is long hair desangiz, ilova izoh beradi. Keyin yuqoridagi namunani o‘zingiz tanigan odam bilan qayta tuzing va bir daqiqada aytib ko‘ring.

BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling