Ishni o‘zingiz emas, boshqa odam (usta, sartarosh, tikuvchi) siz uchun qilsa, inglizchada have + narsa + V3 qolipi ishlatiladi: I had my hair cut yesterday. — Kecha sochimni oldirdim. Agar I cut my hair desangiz, tinglovchi qaychini o‘zingiz ushlaganingizni tasavvur qiladi.
So‘zlashuvda have o‘rniga ko‘pincha get keladi: I need to get my car washed. Odamni ko‘ndirib biror ish qildirganda esa boshqa qolip bor: I got my brother to help me. Ikkalasi ham quyida misollar bilan.
O‘zbekchada bitta qo‘shimcha, inglizchada butun qolip
O‘zbek tilida bu ma’no fe’lning o‘ziga qo‘shiladi: -tir, -dir, -t, -giz (orttirma nisbat). Kesdim → kesdirdim, tuzatdim → tuzattirdim, tikdim → tiktirdim. Inglizchada fe’l o‘zgarmaydi. Uning o‘rniga have va uchinchi shakl (V3) qo‘shiladi, tartib esa qat’iy:
have / get + narsa + V3 (past participle)
| O‘zbekcha | Inglizcha |
|---|---|
| Sochimni oldirdim. | I had my hair cut. |
| Mashinamni yuvdiraman. | I’ll have my car washed. |
| Ko‘ylak tiktiryapman. | I’m having a dress made. |
| Kvartirani ta’mirlatdik. | We had our flat renovated. |
| Pasportga rasm tushirishim kerak. | I need to have my passport photos taken. |
Qolipdagi V3 — xuddi majhul nisbatdagi (passive) shakl. Mantiq ham o‘xshash: narsa ustida ish bajarildi, kim bajargani muhim emas. Majhul nisbatning o‘zi haqida passive voice sahifasida o‘qing. Noto‘g‘ri fe’llarning uchinchi shakllari (cut – cut – cut, make – made – made) irregular verbs jadvali da jamlangan.
Bir so‘zning o‘rni butun ma’noni o‘zgartiradi
| Gap | Ma’nosi |
|---|---|
| I cut my hair. | Sochimni o‘zim kesdim. |
| I had my hair cut. | Sochimni (sartaroshga) oldirdim. |
| I repaired my phone. | Telefonimni o‘zim tuzatdim. |
| I had my phone repaired. | Telefonimni ustaga tuzattirdim. |
| I had cut my hair. | Sochimni (o‘sha paytgacha) kesib bo‘lgan edim — past perfect. |
Oxirgi qator eng xavfli xato: V3 narsadan oldin kelsa, gap past perfect zamoniga aylanadi va ma’no butunlay o‘zgaradi. Tartibni tekshiring: had + my hair + cut.
Hamma zamonda: faqat have o‘zgaradi
Zamonni have fe’li ko‘taradi, V3 esa har doim bir xil qoladi.
| Zamon | Misol |
|---|---|
| Present Simple | I have my car serviced every six months. |
| Present Continuous | We’re having our kitchen painted this week. |
| Past Simple | She had her eyes tested last Monday. |
| Present Perfect | I’ve just had my phone screen replaced. |
| Future (will) | I’ll have the documents translated tomorrow. |
| Going to | They’re going to have a new fence built. |
| Modal + have | You should have that tooth checked. |
So‘roq va inkor gaplar do/does/did bilan yasaladi, chunki bu yerda have asosiy fe’l: Where do you have your hair cut? Did you have the parcel delivered? I didn’t have my suit cleaned. Had you your hair cut? shakli eskirgan va xato hisoblanadi.
Toshkentdagi xizmatlar: tayyor gaplar
Bu gaplarni sartaroshxona, avtoservis yoki ta’mirlash ustaxonasi haqida gapirganda to‘g‘ridan to‘g‘ri ishlating:
- Sartarosh: I have my hair cut once a month. — Oyda bir marta soch oldiraman.
- Tikuvchi: I’m having my trousers shortened. — Shimimni kaltalatyapman.
- Avtoservis: I had the oil changed and the tyres checked. — Moyni almashtirdim, shinalarni tekshirtirdim.
- Ko‘z shifokori: You should have your eyes tested. — Ko‘zingizni tekshirtirishingiz kerak.
- Fotostudiya: I need to have passport photos taken for the visa. — Viza uchun rasmga tushishim kerak.
- Kimyoviy tozalash: I’ll have my suit dry-cleaned before the wedding. — To‘ydan oldin kostyumimni tozalatib olaman.
- Telefon ustasi: How much does it cost to have the battery replaced? — Batareyani almashtirish qancha turadi?
- Tarjima byurosi: We had our diplomas translated and notarised. — Diplomlarimizni tarjima qildirib, notarial tasdiqlatdik.
- Mebel do‘koni: We’re having the sofa delivered on Friday. — Divanni juma kuni yetkazib berishadi.
- Usta: I must have the tap fixed. It’s been dripping for a week. — Jo‘mrakni tuzattirishim kerak.
Get something done: so‘zlashuvdagi variant
Get ham xuddi shu qolipda ishlaydi va kundalik nutqda juda keng tarqalgan: I’m going to get my hair cut. Where did you get your nails done? Ma’nosi deyarli bir xil, faqat get biroz norasmiy va ko‘pincha harakat, shoshilish yoki qiyinchilikni his qildiradi: I must get this report finished by Friday. (Hisobotni jumagacha tugatib qo‘yishim shart.) Bu gapda ishni hatto o‘zingiz qilishingiz ham mumkin — muhimi, ish bajarilib bo‘lishi.
Rasmiy xat yoki IELTS Writing uchun have xavfsizroq. Get ning boshqa ko‘plab ma’nolari haqida get bilan phrasal verbs sahifasida.
Kutilmagan hodisa: I had my phone stolen
Xuddi shu qolip ba’zan yoqimsiz voqea haqida gapiradi. Bu yerda siz hech kimga hech narsa buyurmagansiz:
- I had my phone stolen on the metro. — Metroda telefonimni o‘g‘irlatib qo‘ydim.
- He had his flight cancelled at the last minute. — Uning reysi oxirgi daqiqada bekor qilindi.
- She had her bag checked three times at the airport. — Aeroportda sumkasini uch marta tekshirishdi.
Qiziq tomoni shundaki, o‘zbekcha ham shunday: o‘g‘irlatib qo‘ydim ham orttirma nisbatda, lekin hech kim o‘g‘riga buyruq bermagan.
Have someone do va get someone to do
Endi ishni kim qilgani muhim bo‘lsa, qolip o‘zgaradi:
| Qolip | Ma’nosi | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| have + odam + V1 | vazifa berdim (usta, xodim) | I had the mechanic check the brakes. |
| get + odam + to + V1 | ko‘ndirdim, iltimos qilib qildirdim | I got my brother to help me move. |
| make + odam + V1 | majburladim | The teacher made us rewrite the essay. |
| let + odam + V1 | ruxsat berdim | My parents let me travel alone. |
Farqqa e’tibor bering: have someone do va make someone do da to yo‘q. Get someone to do da esa to majburiy. Bu want, decide kabi to oladigan fe’llarga o‘xshaydi; batafsil gerund va infinitive farqi sahifasida.
Tartib va to xatolari
| Noto‘g‘ri | To‘g‘ri | Izoh |
|---|---|---|
| I cut my hair at the barber’s. | I had my hair cut at the barber’s. | sartarosh kesgan |
| I had cut my hair yesterday. | I had my hair cut yesterday. | V3 narsadan keyin |
| I had my car wash. | I had my car washed. | V3 kerak |
| I got my friend help me. | I got my friend to help me. | get + odam + to |
| I had him to check it. | I had him check it. | have + odam + V1, to siz |
| Did you had your phone fixed? | Did you have your phone fixed? | did dan keyin V1 |
Telefon ustaxonasida: dialog
Kamola: Hi. I dropped my phone and the screen cracked. Can I have it repaired here?
Technician: Let me see. Yes, we can replace the screen. Do you want to have the battery checked too? It’s an old model.
Kamola: Sure. How long will it take?
Technician: About two hours. You can wait in the café next door.
Kamola: Great. Last time I had it fixed somewhere else and the screen stopped working after a week.
Technician: Don’t worry. We give a three-month guarantee. I’ll have my colleague test it before you pick it up.
Kamola: Perfect. And could you get someone to put on a new screen protector?
Technician: Of course.
Dialogda to‘rt xil qolip bor: have it repaired, have the battery checked, had it fixed — ishni usta qiladi; have my colleague test — vazifa berish; get someone to put on — iltimos qilib qildirish.
Mashq: 12 ta gap
A. Qavsdagi so‘zlardan have something done gap tuzing.
- 1. I ______ (my hair / cut) every three weeks.
- 2. We ______ (the flat / paint) last summer.
- 3. She is ______ (a wedding dress / make) at the moment.
- 4. You should ______ (your eyes / test).
- 5. I’ve just ______ (my watch / repair).
- 6. Where ______ you ______ (your photos / print) last time?
B. Qaysi gap to‘g‘ri? a yoki b.
- 7. (Sartaroshga bordingiz.) a) I cut my hair. b) I had my hair cut.
- 8. a) I got my sister to help me. b) I got my sister help me.
- 9. a) The manager had us stay late. b) The manager had us to stay late.
C. Xatoni tuzating.
- 10. I had cleaned my carpet by a professional company.
- 11. He had his wallet steal at the bazaar.
- 12. Did you had the sofa delivered?
Javoblar
- 1. have my hair cut — takrorlanadigan xizmat, present simple.
- 2. had the flat painted — o‘tgan yil, past simple.
- 3. having a wedding dress made — hozir jarayonda, present continuous.
- 4. have your eyes tested — should dan keyin have V1 shaklida.
- 5. had my watch repaired — present perfect: have just had.
- 6. did … have your photos printed — so‘roqda did + have.
- 7. b — ishni sartarosh qilgan.
- 8. a — get + odam + to + V1.
- 9. a — have + odam + V1, to kerak emas.
- 10. I had my carpet cleaned by a professional company. — V3 narsadan keyin keladi.
- 11. He had his wallet stolen at the bazaar. — V3 stolen; bu yoqimsiz hodisa.
- 12. Did you have the sofa delivered? — did dan keyin have.
Xizmatlar haqida gapirishni ovoz chiqarib mashq qilish
Qoidani bilganingizdan keyin ham gapirganda og‘iz o‘zi I cut my hair deb yuboradi. BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan kundalik ishlar, ta’mir va xarid haqida suhbatlashing: “When did you last have your hair cut?”, “Have you ever had anything stolen?” kabi savollarga javob bering. Bugungi topshiriq: shu oy boshqalarga qildirgan uchta ishingizni I had my … done qolipida ayting.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
