Favqulodda vaziyat inglizcha: xizmatlar, yong‘in va ofat so‘zlari

Favqulodda vaziyat inglizcha an emergency, favqulodda xizmatlar esa the emergency services. Eng kerakli beshta so‘z: ambulance (tez yordam), fire service (yong‘in xizmati), police (politsiya), injured (jarohatlangan) va evacuate (binoni tark etish). O‘zbekistonda yagona favqulodda raqam 112; alohida raqamlar: 101 yong‘in, 102 politsiya, 103 tez yordam, 104 gaz xizmati.

Bu sahifa — lug‘at: xizmatlar, belgilar, jarohat va ofatlar nomi. Qo‘ng‘iroq qilish tartibi, dispetcher savollari va dialoglar yordam so‘rash inglizcha sahifasida.

Hozir bir marta ayting: In Uzbekistan, the emergency number is one-one-two. Toshkentga kelgan chet ellik mehmonga birinchi kuni shuni aytib qo‘yish foydali.

Talaffuz belgilari: katta harflar urg‘uli bo‘g‘in, ə — urg‘usiz, xira tovush.

Xizmatlar va odamlar: 12 so‘z

Inglizcha	Talaffuz	O‘zbekcha	Misol
the emergency services	i-MƏ:-jən-si SƏ:-vi-siz	favqulodda xizmatlar	The emergency services arrived in ten minutes.
ambulance	AM-byu-ləns	tez yordam mashinasi	The ambulance took her to hospital.
paramedic	pa-rə-ME-dik	tez yordam feldsheri	The paramedic checked his breathing.
fire service (UK) / fire department (US)	FAYə SƏ:-vis	yong‘in xizmati	Call the fire service if you see smoke.
firefighter	FAYə-fay-tə	o‘t o‘chiruvchi	Two firefighters carried the old man out.
fire engine (UK) / fire truck (US)	FAYə en-jin	o‘t o‘chirish mashinasi	Move your car, the fire engine can’t get through.
police officer	pə-LI:S o-fi-sə	politsiyachi	A police officer wrote down our names.
rescuers / rescue team	RES-kyu:-əz	qutqaruvchilar	Rescuers searched the mountain all night.
A&E (UK) / the ER (US)	ey-ənd-I: / i:-A:	shoshilinch qabul bo‘limi	We waited three hours in A&E.
first aider	fə:st EY-də	birinchi yordam ko‘rsatuvchi	Is there a first aider in the building?
operator / dispatcher	O-pə-rey-tə	dispetcher	The operator asked for the exact address.
witness	WIT-nis	guvoh	A witness saw the car drive away.

Ambulance so‘zida urg‘u boshida: AM-byu-ləns. O‘zbekchadagi “skoraya” so‘zi ingliz tilida tushunilmaydi, Call an ambulance deng.

an A&E entrance and an ambulance — shoshilinch qabul bo‘limi va tez yordam mashinasi — **an A&E entrance and an ambulance**shoshilinch qabul bo‘limi va tez yordam mashinasi

dialling the emergency number — favqulodda raqamni terish — **dialling the emergency number**favqulodda raqamni terish

a nurse — hamshira — **a nurse**hamshira

a hospital — shifoxona — **a hospital**shifoxona

a police station — politsiya bo‘limi — **a police station**politsiya bo‘limi

a pharmacy counter — dorixona peshtaxtasi — **a pharmacy counter**dorixona peshtaxtasi

Yong‘in va uy xavfsizligi: 14 so‘z

Inglizcha	O‘zbekcha	Misol
fire	yong‘in, olov	There’s a fire in the kitchen.
smoke	tutun	The room filled with smoke.
flames	alanga	We could see flames from the window.
fire alarm	yong‘in signalizatsiyasi	The fire alarm went off at 3 a.m.
smoke detector (smoke alarm)	tutun sezgichi	The smoke detector started beeping in the night.
fire extinguisher	o‘t o‘chirgich	There’s a fire extinguisher next to the lift.
fire exit / emergency exit	favqulodda chiqish	Keep the fire exit clear.
evacuate	evakuatsiya qilmoq, binodan chiqarmoq	Everyone had to evacuate the building.
assembly point	yig‘ilish joyi	Go to the assembly point in the car park.
gas leak	gaz sizishi	Don’t switch on the light if you think there’s a gas leak.
short circuit	qisqa tutashuv	The fire started because of a short circuit.
power cut (UK) / power outage (US)	elektr o‘chishi	There was a power cut in the whole mahalla.
burn (n, v)	kuyish, kuydirmoq	She burnt her hand on the pan.
stuck	qamalib qolgan	Two people are stuck in the lift.

Binolarda uchraydigan belgilar (mehmonxona, aeroport, universitetda):

FIRE EXIT — KEEP CLEAR — Favqulodda chiqish, to‘sib qo‘ymang.
IN CASE OF FIRE, DO NOT USE THE LIFT — Yong‘in bo‘lsa, liftdan foydalanmang.
BREAK GLASS — PRESS HERE — Oynani sindiring, tugmani bosing (signal tugmasi).
FIRE DOOR — KEEP SHUT — Yong‘indan himoya eshigi, yopiq tursin.
ASSEMBLY POINT — Yig‘ilish joyi.
EMERGENCY USE ONLY — Faqat favqulodda holatda.

Mehmonxonada yong‘in signali chalinsa, xodimlar odatda Please leave the building by the nearest exit deydi. Bu ibora sizdan narsalaringizni yig‘ishni emas, darhol chiqishni so‘rayapti.

smoke from a pot on the stove — plitadagi qozondan tutun chiqishi — **smoke from a pot on the stove**plitadagi qozondan tutun chiqishi

burnt food in a pan — tovadagi kuygan ovqat — **burnt food in a pan**tovadagi kuygan ovqat

a car accident — avtohalokat — **a car accident**avtohalokat

a dust storm — chang bo‘roni — **a dust storm**chang bo‘roni

a heatwave — jazirama — **a heatwave**jazirama

feeling dizzy — bosh aylanishi — **feeling dizzy**bosh aylanishi

Jarohat va holat: 12 so‘z

Kasallik alomatlari (isitma, yo‘tal, og‘riq turlari) kasalliklar nomi inglizcha sahifasida. Bu yerda faqat favqulodda holatda kerak bo‘ladiganlari.

Inglizcha	O‘zbekcha	Misol
injury / injured	jarohat / jarohatlangan	Three people were injured.
bleeding	qon ketishi	His hand is bleeding badly.
a fracture / a broken bone	suyak sinishi	The doctor thinks it’s a fracture.
a sprain	lat yeyish, cho‘zilish	It’s only a sprain, not a break.
a burn	kuyik	Cool the burn under running water.
unconscious	hushsiz	She’s unconscious but breathing.
choking	bo‘g‘ilib qolish	The child is choking on a sweet.
an allergic reaction	allergik reaksiya	He’s having an allergic reaction to nuts.
heatstroke	issiq urishi	Drink water and stay in the shade to avoid heatstroke.
dizzy / faint	boshi aylangan / hushidan ketmoq	I feel dizzy. I think I’m going to faint.
shock	shok, qattiq qo‘rquv	She wasn’t hurt, but she was in shock.
a first aid kit	birinchi yordam qutichasi	There’s a first aid kit in the car.

Bu so‘zlar tibbiy ko‘rsatma emas: haqiqiy holatda dispetcher yoki shifokorning aytganini bajaring.

Tabiiy ofatlar va yo‘l hodisalari: 12 so‘z

Inglizcha	O‘zbekcha	Misol
a natural disaster	tabiiy ofat	A natural disaster can happen without any warning.
an earthquake	zilzila	Tashkent was badly damaged by an earthquake in 1966.
an aftershock	takroriy silkinish	There were several aftershocks during the night.
a flood	suv toshqini	The flood destroyed the bridge.
a mudflow	sel	Mudflows can happen in the mountains after heavy rain.
a landslide	ko‘chki	A landslide blocked the road to the village.
an avalanche	qor ko‘chkisi	Skiers must check the avalanche warning.
a dust storm	chang bo‘roni	Close the windows, a dust storm is coming.
a heatwave	jazirama	The heatwave lasted two weeks.
a crash / a collision	to‘qnashuv	There was a crash at the crossroads.
a hit-and-run	urib qochish	The police are looking for witnesses to a hit-and-run.
a road closure	yo‘l yopilishi	There’s a road closure because of the accident.

Zilzila paytidagi rasmiy ko‘rsatmalarni (qayerga yashirinish, nima qilish) Favqulodda vaziyatlar vazirligining rasmiy manbalaridan o‘qing; bu sahifa faqat so‘zlarni beradi. Ob-havo ogohlantirishlari so‘zlari (warning, storm, heavy rain) ob-havo inglizcha sahifasida.

So‘z oilalari: fe’l, ot, sifat

Favqulodda gapda so‘z shakli ko‘p adashtiriladi. Jadvalni gorizontal o‘qing:

Fe’l	Ot	Sifat / holat	Misol
injure	injury	injured	He injured his leg. The injury is serious. He’s injured.
bleed	blood	bleeding	She’s bleeding. There’s blood on the floor.
breathe	breath	breathing	Is he breathing? Take a deep breath.
burn	burn	burnt / burned	I burnt my finger. It’s a small burn.
evacuate	evacuation	evacuated	The evacuation took ten minutes.
rescue	rescue	rescued	The rescued climbers are safe.

Breathe va breath talaffuzi farq qiladi: breathe — [bri:ð], cho‘ziq “i:” va jarangli TH; breath — [breθ], qisqa “e” va jarangsiz TH. O‘zbek o‘quvchilari ko‘pincha TH ni “z” yoki “s” deb aytadi: tilning uchini tishlar orasiga qo‘yib mashq qiling. Bleed fe’lining o‘tgan zamoni bled: His nose bled for ten minutes.

Favqulodda so‘zlarda tipik xatolar

Xato	To‘g‘ri	Izoh
Call the skoraya!	Call an ambulance!	“Skoraya” ruscha so‘z.
He is injury.	He is injured.	Holat — sifat shakli.
There is a fire in the kitchen, it is burn.	There’s a fire in the kitchen. Something is burning.	Davom etayotgan holat: is burning.
Firemans came.	The firefighters came.	Fireman ko‘pligi firemen; neytral so‘z — firefighter.
The light is gone.	There’s a power cut.	Elektr o‘chishi uchun tayyor ibora.
He can’t breath.	He can’t breathe.	Fe’l — breathe, ot — breath.

Mashq: so‘zni toping

A. Ta’rifga mos so‘z:

1. Yong‘in paytida hamma yig‘iladigan joy.
2. Kichik yong‘inni o‘chiradigan qizil ballon.
3. Tog‘da kuchli yomg‘irdan keyin tushadigan loy oqimi.
4. Hodisani ko‘rgan odam.
5. Britaniyada shoshilinch qabul bo‘limi (ikki harf va belgi).
6. Elektr butun mahallada o‘chdi.

B. To‘g‘ri shaklni tanlang:

7. Two people were (injury / injured) in the crash.
8. Is she (breath / breathing)?
9. The (evacuate / evacuation) took fifteen minutes.
10. Don’t use the (lift / fire exit) in case of fire.

Javoblar

1 — assembly point; 2 — fire extinguisher; 3 — mudflow; 4 — witness; 5 — A&E; 6 — There was a power cut in the whole mahalla.

7 — injured; 8 — breathing; 9 — evacuation; 10 — lift.

So‘zlarni vaziyat ichida Bandi bilan takrorlang

So‘z ro‘yxatini yodlash yetmaydi: vahimada ular gap ichida kelishi kerak. BandMate ilovasida Bandidan “Mehmonxonada yong‘in signali chalindi” yoki “Yo‘lda to‘qnashuv ko‘rdim” kabi vaziyatni boshlashni so‘rang va nima ko‘rganingizni shu sahifadagi so‘zlar bilan tasvirlang. Ilova so‘z shakli (injured, breathing) va talaffuzdagi xatolarni ko‘rsatadi. Manzilni aniq aytishni esa manzil va telefon raqamini inglizcha aytish sahifasida mashq qiling.

Manbalar

BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling