Shahringiz haqidagi matn beshta narsani aytadi: shahar qayerda (It is in the east of Uzbekistan), qanday shahar (big, green, historic), nimasi bilan mashhur (It is famous for…), sevimli joyingiz va siz uchun nimasi aziz yoki nimasi yoqmaydi. "Bor" degan gapni there is / there are bilan quring: There are many parks in Tashkent.
Quyida uch shahar misolida uch darajadagi matn va tarjimasi, shahar so‘zlari, o‘z shahringiz uchun shablon, bir daqiqalik og‘zaki variant va mashq bor. Namunalarni yodlamang: shahringiz boshqa bo‘lsa ham, tuzilmani oling.
Shaharni tasvirlash uchun 12 so‘z va ibora
| Inglizcha | Tarjima | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| capital | poytaxt | Tashkent is the capital of Uzbekistan. |
| hometown | tug‘ilgan shahar | My hometown is Namangan. |
| be located in | joylashgan | Samarkand is located in the Zarafshan valley. |
| in the east / west of | sharqida / g‘arbida | Fergana is in the east of Uzbekistan. |
| be famous for | bilan mashhur | Margilan is famous for silk. |
| historic | tarixiy | The old town is very historic. |
| modern | zamonaviy | There are many modern buildings. |
| crowded | gavjum | The bazaar is crowded on Sundays. |
| quiet | tinch, sokin | I live in a quiet street. |
| sights | diqqatga sazovor joylar | We visited all the sights. |
| public transport | jamoat transporti | Public transport is cheap here. |
| worth visiting | borib ko‘rishga arziydi | The museum is worth visiting. |
Shahar joylari ro‘yxatining to‘liq varianti (50 ta joy va yo‘l so‘rash iboralari) shahar joylari inglizcha sahifasida.
A1: My city, Tashkent
I live in Tashkent. It is the capital of Uzbekistan and a very big city. There are many parks, schools and shopping centres. I go to school by metro. The metro stations are very beautiful. My favourite place is Chorsu Bazaar. It has a big blue dome, and you can buy fruit, bread and spices there. I love my city! (63 so‘z)
Tarjimasi. Men Toshkentda yashayman. U O‘zbekistonning poytaxti va juda katta shahar. Bog‘lar, maktablar va savdo markazlari ko‘p. Men maktabga metroda boraman. Metro bekatlari juda chiroyli. Sevimli joyim Chorsu bozori. Uning katta ko‘k gumbazi bor, u yerda meva, non va ziravorlar sotib olish mumkin. Men shahrimni yaxshi ko‘raman!
Nimaga e’tibor bering: the capital (artikl bilan), by metro (transport bilan artiklsiz), There are many parks (ko‘plik, are).
A2: My hometown, Namangan
My hometown is Namangan. It is in the Fergana Valley, in the east of Uzbekistan. People call it the city of flowers, and every year there is a big flower festival. You can see roses everywhere! Namangan is not as big as Tashkent, but it is green and quiet. My favourite place is the central park, where I walk with my friends in the evenings. The region is also famous for Chust knives; my grandfather has a beautiful old one. If you visit Namangan, try our fresh fruit and hot bread. (93 so‘z)
Tarjimasi. Mening tug‘ilgan shahrim Namangan. U Farg‘ona vodiysida, O‘zbekistonning sharqida joylashgan. Odamlar uni gullar shahri deb atashadi va har yili katta gul sayli bo‘ladi. Hamma joyda atirgul ko‘rasiz! Namangan Toshkentdek katta emas, lekin yashil va tinch. Sevimli joyim markaziy bog‘, kechqurunlari u yerda do‘stlarim bilan sayr qilaman. Viloyat Chust pichoqlari bilan ham mashhur; bobomda chiroyli eski pichoq bor. Namanganga kelsangiz, mevalarimiz va issiq nonimizni tatib ko‘ring.
Nimaga e’tibor bering: taqqoslash (not as big as Tashkent), where bilan joyni bog‘lash va oxirida o‘quvchiga murojaat (If you visit…). Bu A2 matnni oddiy ro‘yxatdan jonli matnga aylantiradi.
B1: Samarkand, the city behind the postcards
Most tourists come to Samarkand for its famous blue domes, but for me it is simply home. I grew up in the old part of the city, on a narrow street where everybody knows everybody. When I was a child, we played football between the houses, and our neighbours brought us apricots from their gardens.
The city has changed a lot in the last few years. There are new hotels, wide roads and a huge tourist complex, and the fast Afrosiyob train takes you to Tashkent in about two hours. Some people say Samarkand is losing its old atmosphere, and I partly agree. However, you can still find quiet places. My favourite is the paper workshop in Konigil village, where craftsmen make paper from mulberry bark in the traditional way. If you come to Samarkand, don’t just take photos of the sights. Talk to people. (143 so‘z)
Tarjimasi. Ko‘pchilik sayyohlar Samarqandga mashhur ko‘k gumbazlari uchun keladi, lekin men uchun bu shunchaki uy. Men shaharning eski qismida, hamma bir-birini taniydigan tor ko‘chada o‘sganman. Bolaligimda uylar orasida futbol o‘ynardik, qo‘shnilar esa bog‘laridan bizga o‘rik olib chiqishardi.
So‘nggi yillarda shahar ancha o‘zgardi. Yangi mehmonxonalar, keng yo‘llar va ulkan turistik majmua paydo bo‘ldi, tezyurar "Afrosiyob" poyezdi esa Toshkentga taxminan ikki soatda olib boradi. Ba’zilar Samarqand eski ruhini yo‘qotyapti, deyishadi, men bunga qisman qo‘shilaman. Shunga qaramay, hali ham sokin joylarni topish mumkin. Mening sevimli joyim Konigil qishlog‘idagi qog‘oz ustaxonasi: u yerda ustalar tut po‘stlog‘idan an’anaviy usulda qog‘oz tayyorlaydi. Samarqandga kelsangiz, faqat diqqatga sazovor joylarni suratga olmang. Odamlar bilan gaplashing.
Nega bu B1: o‘tmish va hozirni taqqoslash (When I was a child… The city has changed), Present Perfect, muvozanatli fikr (Some people say… and I partly agree. However…) va shaxsiy nuqtai nazar. Poyezd vaqti kabi ma’lumotlarni o‘z matningizda ishlatsangiz, jadvaldan tekshirib oling: ular o‘zgarib turadi.
Inglizcha matnni butun O‘zbekiston haqida kengaytirmoqchi bo‘lsangiz, Uzbekistan haqida inglizcha sahifasida tayyor iboralar bor.
O‘z shahringiz uchun shablon
I live in ______ (yoki My hometown is ______). It is in ______ of Uzbekistan / in the ______ region. It is a ______ and ______ city. There is / There are ______. It is famous for ______. My favourite place is ______ because ______. When I was a child, ______. The only problem is ______. If you visit ______, you should ______.
There is va there are ni qachon ishlatishni aniq bilmasangiz, avval there is / there are sahifasidagi qoidani ko‘rib chiqing. Tuman markazi yoki qishloqda yashasangiz, city o‘rniga town yoki village deb yozing.
Bir daqiqalik og‘zaki variant
Og‘zaki javobda hamma narsani aytishga urinmang. Uchta fikr tanlang: umumiy tavsif, sevimli joy va bitta shaxsiy tafsilot.
Namuna (taxminan 1 daqiqa): So, I’m from Namangan. It’s in the Fergana Valley, in the east of the country. It’s not a huge city, but I really like it, because it’s green and people are very friendly. Actually, it’s called the city of flowers, and in spring the whole city smells of roses. My favourite place is the central park. I go there almost every evening with my friends, we just walk and talk. The only thing I don’t like is the traffic in the city centre, it’s getting worse. But honestly, I can’t imagine living anywhere else.
Bunday savollar IELTS Speaking Part 1’da ham beriladi. Qo‘shimcha savollar va javob namunalari hometown savollari sahifasida.
Shahar haqida yozganda uchraydigan 7 xato
| Xato | To‘g‘ri |
|---|---|
| Tashkent is capital of Uzbekistan. | Tashkent is the capital of Uzbekistan. |
| There is many parks. | There are many parks. |
| Samarkand is famous with its domes. | Samarkand is famous for its domes. |
| I was born at Namangan. | I was born in Namangan. |
| Namangan is located at east. | Namangan is in the east. |
| The peoples are kind. | The people are kind. |
| My city is very beautiful city. | My city is very beautiful. / It is a very beautiful city. |
People allaqachon ko‘plik, -s qo‘shilmaydi. Peoples faqat "xalqlar" ma’nosida ishlatiladi.
Mashq: to‘g‘ri so‘zni qo‘ying
1. Bukhara is famous ___ its old madrasas.
2. ___ are a lot of cafés in the city centre.
3. I was born ___ Andijan.
4. Khiva is ___ the west of Uzbekistan.
5. Tashkent is ___ biggest city in the country.
6. The bazaar is very ___ on Sundays: there are too many people.
7. Our town is not ___ big as Tashkent.
8. Tarjima qiling: "Shahrimiz toza va tinch."
Javoblar
1. for 2. There 3. in 4. in 5. the 6. crowded 7. as 8. Our city is clean and quiet. (yoki Our town…, agar shahar kichik bo‘lsa)
Shahringiz haqida BandMate’da gapirish
Yozgan matningizni jonli suhbatda sinab ko‘ring. BandMate ilovasida Bandi sizdan Where are you from?, What’s the best thing about your city? deb so‘raydi va javobingizga qarab qo‘shimcha savol beradi. Suhbatdan keyin grammatika va talaffuz bo‘yicha izoh chiqadi; u mashq uchun, rasmiy baho emas.
Bugungi qadam: shablonni to‘ldirib, shahringiz haqida 80–100 so‘zli matn yozing. Keyin matnni bir daqiqalik og‘zaki javobga qisqartiring va telefonga yozib oling. Paragraf tuzishda qiynalsangiz, ingliz tilida matn yozish sahifasidagi 6 qadamdan foydalaning.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
