Bu sahifada to‘rtta qisqa inglizcha ertak bor: Ezopning The North Wind and the Sun, The Milkmaid and Her Pail, The Boy Who Cried Wolf masallari va aka-uka Grimmning The Elves and the Shoemaker ertagi. Har bir gap yonida o‘zbekcha tarjimasi, har bir ertakdan keyin lug‘at va bitta grammatika izohi, sahifa oxirida esa javobli savollar bor. Matnlar 8 yoshdan katta bolalar va A2 darajadagi kattalar uchun.
To‘rtala ertak ham jamoat mulki; inglizcha matnni biz o‘z so‘zlarimiz bilan sodda qilib qayta yozdik. Ertaklar o‘tgan zamonda aytiladi, shuning uchun ular blew, took, fell, hid kabi noto‘g‘ri fe’llarni yodlashning ham oson yo‘li (qoidasi Past Simple qoidasi sahifasida).
4–7 yoshli bolalar uchun hozirgi zamonda yozilgan juda sodda ertaklar (Uch cho‘chqacha, Goldilocks, Toshbaqa va quyon) bolalar uchun inglizcha ertaklar sahifasida.
Ertakni qanday o‘qigan ma’qul
Avval faqat inglizcha ustunni o‘qing, tarjimani yopib qo‘ying. Ikkinchi o‘qishda tarjimani ochib, noto‘g‘ri tushungan gaplaringizni belgilang. Uchinchi marta ovoz chiqarib o‘qing, keyin kitobga qaramasdan ertakni 4–5 gapda aytib bering.
1. The North Wind and the Sun — Shimol shamoli va Quyosh
Ezop masali. Kim kuchliroq: zo‘r bilanmi yoki yumshoqlik bilan ish bitiradigan?
| Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha |
|---|---|
| One day the North Wind and the Sun had an argument. | Bir kuni Shimol shamoli bilan Quyosh bahslashib qolishdi. |
| “I am much stronger than you,” said the Wind. | “Men sendan ancha kuchliman”, dedi Shamol. |
| “Let’s see,” said the Sun. “Do you see that traveller on the road?” | “Ko‘ramiz”, dedi Quyosh. “Anavi yo‘ldagi yo‘lovchini ko‘ryapsanmi?” |
| “Whoever makes him take off his coat is the winner.” | “Kim uning paltosini yechtira olsa, o‘sha g‘olib.” |
| The Wind went first. He blew hard and cold. | Birinchi bo‘lib Shamol boshladi. U qattiq va sovuq esdi. |
| But the harder he blew, the tighter the man held his coat. | Lekin u qanchalik qattiq essa, odam paltosini shunchalik mahkam ushladi. |
| At last the Wind was tired, and he gave up. | Oxiri Shamol charchadi va taslim bo‘ldi. |
| Then the Sun came out from behind a cloud and shone gently. | Keyin Quyosh bulut ortidan chiqdi va mayin nur sochdi. |
| The traveller felt warm, and soon he felt hot. | Yo‘lovchi isidi, tez orada unga issiq bo‘lib ketdi. |
| He took off his coat and sat down in the shade of a tree. | U paltosini yechdi va daraxt soyasiga o‘tirdi. |
| Moral: Kindness often works better than force. | Xulosa: Yumshoqlik ko‘pincha zo‘rlikdan yaxshiroq natija beradi. |
Lug‘at: argument — bahs, janjal; traveller — yo‘lovchi; take off — yechmoq; blow (blew) — esmoq; give up (gave up) — taslim bo‘lmoq; shine (shone) — nur sochmoq, charaqlamoq; shade — soya; force — kuch, zo‘rlik.
Grammatika izohi: the harder he blew, the tighter he held — “qanchalik…, shunchalik…”. Ikki qismda ham the + qiyosiy daraja keladi: The more you read, the faster you learn.
2. The Milkmaid and Her Pail — Sutchi qiz va chelak
Ezop masali. Bu masaldan ingliz tilida mashhur bir ibora chiqqan.
| Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha |
|---|---|
| Polly was a farmer’s daughter. Every morning she took milk to the market. | Polli fermerning qizi edi. Har kuni ertalab u bozorga sut olib borardi. |
| One day she walked along the road with a pail of milk on her head. | Bir kuni u boshida bir chelak sut bilan yo‘lda ketayotgan edi. |
| She started to dream. “I will sell this milk and buy some eggs.” | U xayolga berildi. “Bu sutni sotaman va tuxum sotib olaman.” |
| “The eggs will become chickens, and I will sell the chickens.” | “Tuxumlardan jo‘jalar chiqadi, jo‘jalarni esa sotaman.” |
| “With the money I will buy a beautiful new dress.” | “Puliga chiroyli yangi ko‘ylak olaman.” |
| “At the fair everyone will look at me, and I will toss my head like this!” | “Sayilda hamma menga qaraydi, men esa boshimni mana bunday silkitaman!” |
| And she tossed her head. | Va u boshini silkitdi. |
| The pail fell to the ground, and all the milk spilled on the road. | Chelak yerga tushdi va butun sut yo‘lga to‘kilib ketdi. |
| No milk, no eggs, no chickens, no dress. Polly went home with an empty pail. | Na sut, na tuxum, na jo‘ja, na ko‘ylak. Polli uyiga bo‘sh chelak bilan qaytdi. |
| Moral: Don’t count your chickens before they hatch. | Xulosa: Jo‘jani kuzda sanaydilar. |
Lug‘at: pail — chelak; market — bozor; dream — xayol surmoq; become — …ga aylanmoq; fair — sayil, yarmarka; toss one’s head — boshini silkitmoq; spill (spilled) — to‘kilmoq; empty — bo‘sh; hatch — (tuxumdan) chiqmoq.
Grammatika izohi: Polli rejalarini will bilan aytadi: I will sell, I will buy. Hikoya o‘tgan zamonda, lekin qo‘shtirnoq ichidagi gap qahramonning o‘z so‘zlari, shuning uchun kelasi zamonda qoladi. Don’t count your chickens iborasi haqida batafsil idiomalar tarjima bilan sahifasida.
3. The Boy Who Cried Wolf — “Bo‘ri!” deb qichqirgan bola
Ezop masali. Undan cry wolf — “bekordan vahima ko‘tarmoq” iborasi kelib chiqqan.
| Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha |
|---|---|
| A young shepherd looked after the sheep near his village. | Yosh cho‘pon qishloq yaqinida qo‘ylarni boqardi. |
| Every day was the same, and the boy was bored. | Kunlar bir xil o‘tardi va bola zerikardi. |
| One afternoon he shouted, “Wolf! Wolf! A wolf is eating the sheep!” | Bir kuni tushdan keyin u qichqirdi: “Bo‘ri! Bo‘ri! Bo‘ri qo‘ylarni yeyapti!” |
| The villagers ran up the hill to help him. | Qishloq ahli unga yordam berish uchun tepalikka yugurib chiqdi. |
| But there was no wolf. The boy laughed at them. | Lekin hech qanday bo‘ri yo‘q edi. Bola ularning ustidan kuldi. |
| A week later he did the same thing again, and again the people came. | Bir haftadan keyin u yana shunday qildi va odamlar yana kelishdi. |
| Then one evening a real wolf came out of the forest. | Keyin bir kuni kechqurun o‘rmondan haqiqiy bo‘ri chiqdi. |
| “Wolf! Wolf! Please help me!” cried the boy. | “Bo‘ri! Bo‘ri! Iltimos, yordam beringlar!” deb qichqirdi bola. |
| The villagers heard him, but they said, “He is lying again.” | Qishloq ahli uni eshitdi, lekin “U yana yolg‘on gapiryapti”, deyishdi. |
| Nobody came, and the wolf chased the sheep away. | Hech kim kelmadi, bo‘ri esa qo‘ylarni quvib ketdi. |
| Moral: Nobody believes a liar, even when he tells the truth. | Xulosa: Yolg‘onchining rostiga ham ishonmaydilar. |
Lug‘at: shepherd — cho‘pon; look after — qaramoq, boqmoq; sheep — qo‘y (ko‘pligi ham sheep); bored — zerikkan; villagers — qishloq ahli; hill — tepalik; lie (lying) — yolg‘on gapirmoq; chase away — quvib yubormoq; believe — ishonmoq.
Grammatika izohi: sheep so‘zining ko‘pligi o‘zgarmaydi: one sheep, ten sheep. Sheeps deb yozish o‘zbek o‘quvchisining eng ko‘p uchraydigan xatolaridan biri. Fish va deer ham shunday.
4. The Elves and the Shoemaker — Mitti yordamchilar va etikdo‘z
Aka-uka Grimm ertagi (1812). Bu masal emas, sehrli ertak: xulosa gapi yo‘q, lekin mehnat va minnatdorlik haqida.
| Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha |
|---|---|
| Once upon a time there was a poor shoemaker. | Bir bor ekan, bir yo‘q ekan, bir kambag‘al etikdo‘z bor ekan. |
| He had enough leather for only one pair of shoes. | Unda faqat bir juft poyabzalga yetadigan charm qolgan edi. |
| In the evening he cut the leather and left it on his table. | Kechqurun u charmni bichdi va stoliga qoldirdi. |
| In the morning he found a pair of beautiful shoes on the table! | Ertalab u stolda bir juft chiroyli poyabzal turganini ko‘rdi! |
| A rich man bought them for a very good price. | Bir boy odam ularni juda yaxshi narxga sotib oldi. |
| With the money the shoemaker bought leather for two pairs. | Bu pulga etikdo‘z ikki juftlik charm oldi. |
| The next morning there were two pairs of shoes, and the next day four. | Ertasiga ikki juft, undan keyingi kuni to‘rt juft poyabzal tayyor turardi. |
| One night the shoemaker and his wife hid behind a curtain and watched. | Bir kechasi etikdo‘z xotini bilan parda ortiga yashirinib kuzatib turdi. |
| At midnight two tiny elves came in. They had no clothes, but they worked very fast. | Yarim tunda ikki mitti jin kirib keldi. Ularning kiyimi yo‘q edi, lekin juda tez ishlashardi. |
| “They helped us. Let’s help them,” said the wife, and she made them little clothes. | “Ular bizga yordam berdi. Biz ham ularga yordam beraylik”, dedi xotini va ularga kichkina kiyimlar tikdi. |
| The elves put on the clothes, danced happily and ran out of the door. | Mitti jinlar kiyimlarni kiyib, xursand raqs tushishdi va eshikdan yugurib chiqib ketishdi. |
| They never came back, but the shoemaker was lucky for the rest of his life. | Ular boshqa qaytib kelishmadi, lekin etikdo‘zning ishi umrining oxirigacha yurishib ketdi. |
Lug‘at: shoemaker — etikdo‘z, poyabzal ustasi; leather — charm, teri; a pair of shoes — bir juft poyabzal; price — narx; hide (hid) — yashirinmoq; curtain — parda; midnight — yarim tun; tiny — juda kichkina; elf (ko‘pligi elves) — mitti sehrli jonzot; lucky — omadli.
Grammatika izohi: elf — elves, wife — wives, knife — knives: -f yoki -fe bilan tugaydigan ko‘p otlar ko‘plikda -ves oladi. Once upon a time — ingliz ertaklarining an’anaviy boshlanishi, xuddi bizdagi “Bir bor ekan, bir yo‘q ekan”.
Tushunish savollari
- 1. What did the Wind and the Sun want the traveller to do?
- 2. Why did the traveller hold his coat tighter?
- 3. What did Polly want to buy with the money from the eggs?
- 4. Why did the milk spill?
- 5. Why did the boy shout “Wolf!” the first time?
- 6. Why didn’t the villagers come the last time?
- 7. What did the shoemaker find on his table in the morning?
- 8. What did the shoemaker’s wife make for the elves?
- 9. Xulosani ertakka moslang: (a) Don’t count your chickens before they hatch. (b) Kindness often works better than force. (c) Nobody believes a liar, even when he tells the truth.
- 10. sheep, elf, wife so‘zlarining ko‘plik shaklini yozing.
Javoblar
- 1. They wanted him to take off his coat.
- 2. Because the wind was cold and strong.
- 3. A beautiful new dress.
- 4. Because she tossed her head and the pail fell.
- 5. Because he was bored (he wanted to have some fun).
- 6. Because they thought he was lying again.
- 7. A pair of beautiful shoes.
- 8. Little clothes.
- 9. (a) — Sutchi qiz va chelak; (b) — Shimol shamoli va Quyosh; (c) — Bo‘ri deb qichqirgan bola.
- 10. sheep, elves, wives.
Ertakni qayta aytib berish
O‘qigan ertakni o‘z so‘zlaringiz bilan aytib berish tushunganingizni eng yaxshi tekshiradi. Uchta tayanch so‘z yozing (masalan: wind, coat, sun) va faqat shularga qarab 5–6 gap ayting. Yozma variantini qanday qisqartirish kerakligi ingliz tilida qisqa mazmun yozish sahifasida bosqichma-bosqich ko‘rsatilgan. Ertakdan keyin zamonaviy matnga o‘tmoqchi bo‘lsangiz, Toshkent hayotidan yozilgan inglizcha hikoyalar A2–B1 sahifasini oching.
BandMate ilovasida ertakni Bandi’ga ovoz chiqarib aytib berishingiz mumkin: u Why did the boy lie? yoki What would you do? kabi savollar beradi, keyin talaffuz va grammatika bo‘yicha izoh ko‘rsatadi. Izoh mashq uchun, rasmiy baho emas.
Bugun bitta ertakni uch marta o‘qing va kechqurun uni oilangizdagi kimgadir inglizcha aytib bering.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
