Inglizcha hazillar va so‘z o‘yinlari: 20 hazil nega kulgili

Inglizcha hazillarning ko‘pchiligi pun — so‘z o‘yiniga quriladi: bitta so‘z ikki ma’noda ishlatiladi (interest — qiziqish va foiz) yoki ikki so‘z bir xil eshitiladi (eight va ate). Shuning uchun hazilni tarjima qilsangiz, kulgisi yo‘qoladi. Quyida 20 ta hazil to‘rt guruhda, har biridan keyin qaysi so‘z “ishlayotgani” izohlangan. Oxirida ingliz hazil madaniyati, hazilga qanday javob berish va mashq.

Birinchisini hoziroq sinab ko‘ring: Why is six afraid of seven? Because seven eight nine. Ovoz chiqarib ayting: eight va ate (yedi) bir xil aytiladi, ya’ni “yetti to‘qqizni yeb qo‘ydi”.

Bir so‘z, ikki ma’no: 8 ta klassik pun

Bu hazillar ingliz tilida avloddan avlodga aytib kelinadi, muallifi ma’lum emas.

1. Why is six afraid of seven? Because seven eight nine. Izoh: eight [eyt] va ate (eat ning o‘tgan shakli) bir xil talaffuz qilinadi. Gap “yetti to‘qqizni yedi” deb eshitiladi.

2. Why can’t a bicycle stand up on its own? Because it’s two tired. Izoh: two tired (ikkita shina, tyre / tire) va too tired (juda charchagan) bir xil eshitiladi. Two, too, to uchalasi [tu:] deb aytiladi.

3. I used to be a banker, but I lost interest. Izoh: interest — qiziqish va bank foizi. Lose interest — qiziqishni yo‘qotmoq, lekin bankir uchun “foizni boy bermoq” ham.

4. Why did the scarecrow win a prize? Because he was outstanding in his field. Izoh: outstanding in his field — “o‘z sohasida zo‘r mutaxassis”. So‘zma-so‘z esa “dalasida tik turgan” (out standing in his field). Qo‘riqchi qo‘g‘irchoq haqiqatan dalada turadi.

5. What has four wheels and flies? A rubbish truck. Izoh: flies — uchadi (fe’l) va pashshalar (ot). Axlat mashinasi uchmaydi, lekin atrofida pashsha ko‘p.

6. I’m reading a book about anti-gravity. It’s impossible to put down. Izoh: impossible to put down — kitob haqida “shunchalik qiziqki, qo‘ldan qo‘yib bo‘lmaydi”. Antigravitatsiya kitobini esa tom ma’noda yerga qo‘yib bo‘lmaydi.

7. Why don’t skeletons fight each other? They don’t have the guts. Izoh: have the guts — jur’ati bor; guts — ichak-chovoq. Skeletda ichak yo‘q, demak jur’ati ham yo‘q.

8. Why did the student eat his homework? Because the teacher said it was a piece of cake. Izoh: a piece of cake — ibora, “juda oson”. O‘quvchi uni so‘zma-so‘z “bir bo‘lak tort” deb tushungan. Bunday iboralar idiomalar tarjima bilan sahifasida jamlangan.

Knock-knock hazillari: qolip va 4 misol

Bu bolalar juda yaxshi ko‘radigan qolip. Ikki kishi aytadi, doim bir xil tartibda:

A: Knock, knock.

B: Who’s there?

A: [ism yoki so‘z]

B: [o‘sha so‘z] who?

A: [so‘z o‘yini bilan yakun]

9. Lettuce. — Lettuce who? — Lettuce in, it’s cold out here! Izoh: lettuce (salat bargi) va let us (bizni kiriting) juda o‘xshash eshitiladi.

10. Boo. — Boo who? — Don’t cry, it’s only a joke! Izoh: Boo who? ovoz chiqarib aytilganda boohoo — yig‘i tovushiga o‘xshaydi.

11. Anna. — Anna who? — Anna-ther plate of plov, please! (biz tuzgan) Izoh: Anna + -ther = another (yana bitta).

12. Olive. — Olive who? — Olive you! (klassik) Izoh: olive (zaytun) va I love you tez aytilganda o‘xshash eshitiladi.

Grammatika hazillari: o‘qituvchilar sevadigan 4 ta

13. Student: Can I go to the toilet? Teacher: I don’t know. Can you? Izoh: qat’iy grammatikada can — qobiliyat (qila olasanmi?), ruxsat so‘rash uchun may (May I go…?). O‘qituvchi ataylab can ni qobiliyat ma’nosida tushungan.

14. Teacher: Always say “I am”, never “I is”. Student: OK. I am the ninth letter of the alphabet. Izoh: I bu yerda olmosh emas, harf nomi. Harf haqida gapirganda I is to‘g‘ri bo‘lardi, o‘quvchi esa qoidani ko‘r-ko‘rona qo‘llagan.

15. The past, the present and the future walked into a room. It was tense. Izoh: tense — grammatik zamon va “taranglik, keskin vaziyat”.

16. Time flies like an arrow. Fruit flies like a banana. Izoh: birinchi gapda flies — fe’l (vaqt o‘qdek uchadi). Ikkinchisida fruit flies — ot (meva pashshalari), like — fe’l (yoqtiradi): “meva pashshalari bananni yaxshi ko‘radi”. Tilshunoslar bu juftlikni gap tuzilishi ikki xil o‘qilishiga misol sifatida keltiradi.

O‘zbekcha ruhdagi hazillar ingliz tilida (17–20)

17. A passenger asks a taxi driver, “How much to the airport?” “Fifty thousand sum.” “And my suitcase?” “The suitcase goes free.” “Great. Take the suitcase, then. I’ll walk.” Izoh: so‘z o‘yini emas, mantiq o‘yini. Dunyoning ko‘p xalqida bor xalq latifasi qolipi.

18. Afandi was looking for his key under a street lamp. “Where did you lose it?” asked a neighbour. “At home.” “Then why are you looking here?” “Because there’s more light here!” Izoh: Nasriddin Afandi haqidagi xalq latifasi. Bu latifaning turli variantlari ingliz tilida ham tanish, streetlight effect (“chiroq ostidan izlash”) degan atama ham ko‘pincha shunday hikoyaga bog‘lab tushuntiriladi.

17 va 18 kabi syujetli hazillar tarjimada ham kuladi, chunki kulgi so‘zda emas, vaziyatda. Pun esa faqat asl tilda ishlaydi.

19. My grandmother asked me to explain “the cloud”. I pointed at the sky. Now she thinks her photos are up there with the rain. (biz tuzgan) Izoh: the cloud — bulut va internetdagi saqlash xizmati.

20. Why did the English teacher bring a ladder to the lesson? Because the students were going to high school. (biz tuzgan, klassik qolip asosida) Izoh: high school — AQShda o‘rta maktab; high — baland. Narvon balandga chiqish uchun.

Ingliz hazil madaniyati: bilish kerak bo‘lgan 4 narsa

• Understatement — kamaytirib aytish. Britaniyalik –10 °C da It’s a bit chilly today deydi. Bu hazil ohangi: “salgina salqin” degani aslida “qahraton sovuq”.
• Sarcasm — kinoya. Yomg‘irda ho‘l bo‘lib kelgan kishi Oh, lovely weather! deydi. Ma’no aksincha; ohang va yuz ifodasiga qarang.
• Self-deprecation — o‘zi ustidan kulish. I’m so good at cooking that the smoke alarm cheers me on. Ingliz tilida o‘zingiz haqingizda hazil qilish odobli hisoblanadi, boshqalar ustidan esa ehtiyot bo‘lish kerak.
• Groan — “voy” deb nolish. Yaxshi pun’ga ko‘pincha kulish emas, Oh no, that’s terrible! deb javob berishadi. Bu maqtov. Ota-onalarning bunday hazillari dad jokes deyiladi.

Notanish davrada din, millat, tashqi ko‘rinish haqidagi hazillardan qoching: bu offend qilish, ya’ni ko‘ngil og‘ritish xavfi katta. Suhbat odobi haqida batafsil ingliz tilida o‘zini tutish madaniyati sahifasida.

Hazilga qanday javob berish

I don’t get it deyish uyat emas: inglizlar ham bir-biriga pun’larni tushuntirib beradi.

Mashq: hazildagi “ishlayotgan” so‘zni toping

Har bir hazilda qaysi so‘z ikki ma’noda yoki ikki so‘z o‘rnida ishlatilgan?

• 1. What do you call a sleeping bull? A bulldozer.
• 2. Why was the maths book sad? Because it had too many problems.
• 3. Why did the cookie go to the doctor? Because it felt crummy.
• 4. What do you call a bear with no teeth? A gummy bear.
• 5. Why are fish so clever? Because they live in schools.
• 6. I told my friend a joke about paper. It was tearable.

Javoblar

• 1. bulldozer — buldozer (texnika) va bull + dozer: doze — mudramoq, ya’ni “mudrayotgan buqa”.
• 2. problems — muammolar va matematik masalalar.
• 3. crummy — “o‘zini yomon his qilmoq” (so‘zlashuvda) va crumb — pechenye ushog‘i.
• 4. gummy — tishsiz (milklari bilan) va gummy bear — ayiqcha shaklidagi marmelad.
• 5. school — maktab va baliqlar to‘dasi (a school of fish).
• 6. tearable (yirtiladigan, tear [teə] — yirtmoq) va terrible (juda yomon) o‘xshash eshitiladi.

Bir xil eshitiladigan so‘zlar ro‘yxati omonim so‘zlar ingliz tilida sahifasida. Hazil yoqqan bo‘lsa, xuddi shu so‘z o‘yinlariga qurilgan inglizcha topishmoqlar ham sizga yoqadi.

Hazilni ovoz chiqarib aytish mashqi

Hazilning yarmi — to‘g‘ri pauza va urg‘u: punchline dan oldin biroz to‘xtab, oxirgi so‘zni aniq aytish kerak. BandMate ilovasida Bandi’ga bitta hazil aytib bering: u hazilga javob qaytaradi va suhbatni davom ettiradi, keyin talaffuz va ohang bo‘yicha izoh chiqadi.

Bugun yuqoridagi 20 ta hazildan bittasini tanlang, izohini o‘qimasdan tushuntirishga harakat qiling va uni kimgadir inglizcha aytib bering.

BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling