Too va enough: too big, big enough, too much va not enough

Too — “haddan ortiq, keragidan ko‘p” va u sifatdan oldin keladi: This jacket is too small — Bu kurtka menga juda kichkina (kiyib bo‘lmaydi). Enough — “yetarli” va u sifatdan keyin keladi: This jacket is big enough — Bu kurtka yetarlicha katta (bo‘ladi). Inkorda: It isn’t big enough — Yetarlicha katta emas.

Ot bilan esa aksincha: enough otdan oldin turadi — enough money, enough time. “Juda ko‘p” ma’nosida too much (sanalmaydigan) va too many (sanaladigan) ishlatiladi: too much sugar, too many people.

So‘zlar gapda qayerda turadi

Qolip	Ma’nosi	Misol	O‘zbekcha
too + sifat	haddan ortiq	The soup is too salty.	Sho‘rva o‘ta sho‘r.
too + ravish	haddan ortiq (harakat)	You drive too fast.	Juda tez haydaysiz.
sifat + enough	yetarlicha	Is the room warm enough?	Xona yetarlicha issiqmi?
ravish + enough	yetarlicha (harakat)	He didn’t study hard enough.	Yetarlicha tirishmadi.
enough + ot	yetarli miqdor	We have enough chairs.	Stullar yetarli.
not + sifat + enough	yetarlicha emas	The screen isn’t big enough.	Ekran yetarlicha katta emas.
too much + sanalmaydigan ot	juda ko‘p (ortiqcha)	There’s too much traffic.	Tirbandlik juda ko‘p.
too many + sanaladigan ot	juda ko‘p (ortiqcha)	There are too many cars.	Mashinalar juda ko‘p.
fe’l + too much	ortiqcha (harakat)	You work too much.	Juda ko‘p ishlaysiz.

Yodlash uchun bitta rasm: too sifat oldida to‘siq qo‘yadi (too hot — ichib bo‘lmaydi), enough esa sifatdan keyin eshikni ochadi (warm enough — chiqsa bo‘ladi).

Very va too: “juda” ikki xil

O‘zbekchadagi “juda” so‘zi inglizchada ikki xil tarjima qilinadi, va aynan shu yerda eng ko‘p xato chiqadi:

Very (juda — lekin muammo emas)	Too (o‘ta — muammo bor)
The dress is very expensive, but I’ll buy it. — Ko‘ylak juda qimmat, lekin olaman.	The dress is too expensive. I can’t buy it. — Ko‘ylak o‘ta qimmat, ololmayman.
It’s very hot today. Let’s go to the pool. — Bugun juda issiq, basseynga boraylik.	It’s too hot to go outside. — Tashqariga chiqib bo‘lmaydigan darajada issiq.
Your son is very young. — O‘g‘lingiz juda yosh.	Your son is too young to drive. — O‘g‘lingiz mashina haydash uchun juda yosh.

Too doim salbiy natijani nazarda tutadi: nimadir qilib bo‘lmaydi yoki yoqmaydi. Shuning uchun maqtovda too ishlatilmaydi: Your plov is too delicious desangiz, “oshingiz mazaligidan yeb bo‘lmaydi” degandek g‘alati eshitiladi. To‘g‘risi: Your plov is really delicious.

To va for bilan davomi: too hot to drink

Too va enough dan keyin ko‘pincha natija keladi:

Qolip	Misol
too + sifat + to + fe’l	The tea is too hot to drink. — Choy ichib bo‘lmaydigan darajada issiq.
too + sifat + for + kim	This book is too difficult for beginners. — Bu kitob boshlovchilar uchun juda qiyin.
too + sifat + for + kim + to + fe’l	The box is too heavy for me to carry. — Quti men ko‘tarishim uchun juda og‘ir.
sifat + enough + to + fe’l	She’s old enough to vote. — U ovoz berish yoshiga yetgan.
enough + ot + to + fe’l	I don’t have enough money to buy a car. — Mashina olishga pulim yetmaydi.
sifat + enough + for + kim	Is this room big enough for five people?

Ikki muhim nuqta:

to dan keyin fe’l oddiy shaklda: to drink, for drink yoki for drinking emas.
Gap egasi va obyekt bir xil bo‘lsa, oxirida it takrorlanmaydi: The tea is too hot to drink, …to drink it emas.

Much too, not quite enough: kuchaytirish

Ibora	Ma’nosi	Misol
much / far too	haddan tashqari	The rent is far too high.
a bit / a little too	sal ortiqcha	These shoes are a bit too tight.
not quite enough	sal yetmaydi	There isn’t quite enough rice for everyone.
more than enough	yetarlidan ham ko‘p	We have more than enough food.
nowhere near enough	umuman yetmaydi	Two days is nowhere near enough to see Samarkand.
That’s enough!	Bas! Yetar!	That’s enough, children. Go to bed.

Too much expensive degan shakl yo‘q. Sifatni kuchaytirish uchun much too expensive yoki far too expensive — much oldinda.

Rasmlarda: ortiqcha yoki yetarli

The price is too high. She can’t believe it. — Narx o‘ta baland, ishonolmayapti. — **The price is too high. She can’t believe it.**Narx o‘ta baland, ishonolmayapti.

Is this T-shirt long enough? — Bu futbolka yetarlicha uzunmi? — **Is this T-shirt long enough?**Bu futbolka yetarlicha uzunmi?

Not too big, not too small. It fits perfectly. — Na katta, na kichik. Xuddi o‘lchamiga. — **Not too big, not too small. It fits perfectly.**Na katta, na kichik. Xuddi o‘lchamiga.

The pepper is too hot for him. — Qalampir unga o‘ta achchiq. — **The pepper is too hot for him.**Qalampir unga o‘ta achchiq.

The soup isn’t salty enough. — Sho‘rva yetarlicha sho‘r emas. — **The soup isn’t salty enough.**Sho‘rva yetarlicha sho‘r emas.

He gets enough sleep. — U yetarlicha uxlaydi. — **He gets enough sleep.**U yetarlicha uxlaydi.

Kiyim do‘konida: pidjak tanlash

Shahzod ishga kirish suhbatiga pidjak sotib olmoqchi. Uni sotuvchi qiz kutib oldi.

Assistant: Hi! Can I help you?

Shahzod: Yes, I need a jacket for a job interview. Something dark.

Assistant: How about this navy one? Try it on, the fitting room is over there.

Shahzod: Hmm. It’s too tight around the shoulders.

Assistant: Let me bring a bigger size. Here you are, a fifty.

Shahzod: This one is big enough, but the sleeves are too long.

Assistant: We can shorten them. It takes two days. Is that soon enough?

Shahzod: The interview is on Friday, so yes. How much is it?

Assistant: It’s one million two hundred thousand.

Shahzod: That’s a bit too expensive for me. Do you have anything cheaper?

Assistant: This grey one is on sale. It’s very similar, and the price is much lower.

Shahzod: Perfect. I have enough money for this one.

Narx va o‘lcham misol uchun. Kiyim sotib olishdagi boshqa iboralar kiyim sotib olish so‘zlari sahifasida, IELTS’dagi xarid savollari esa IELTS Speaking Part 1: shopping maqolasida.

Enough big va too much good: “juda” dan chiqadigan xatolar

Noto‘g‘ri	To‘g‘ri	Sababi
This bag is enough big.	This bag is big enough.	sifatdan keyin enough
We don’t have time enough.	We don’t have enough time.	otdan oldin enough
The film was too much good!	The film was really good!	maqtovda too emas
It’s too much expensive.	It’s much too / far too expensive.	much oldinda yoki umuman yo‘q
There are too much people here.	There are too many people here.	people sanaladi
She’s too young for drive.	She’s too young to drive.	natija to + fe’l
The coffee is too hot to drink it.	The coffee is too hot to drink.	it ortiqcha
I have not enough money.	I don’t have enough money.	inkor do bilan

Much va many tanlovi haqida ko‘proq much, many va a lot of sahifasida.

Mashq: 14 ta savol

A. Too yoki enough ni to‘g‘ri joyga qo‘ying.

1. I can’t sleep. The music is (loud).
2. He can’t reach the shelf. He isn’t (tall).
3. We can’t buy a flat. We don’t have (money).
4. Don’t eat that. It’s (hot) to eat.
5. Is your English (good) for the job?

B. Too much, too many yoki enough bilan to‘ldiring.

6. There were ______ cars on the road, so we were late.
7. You drink ______ coffee. It’s bad for your sleep.
8. Are there ______ chairs for all the guests?
9. I spend ______ time on my phone.
10. There are ______ mistakes in this essay. Please check it again.

C. Xatoni tuzating.

11. The room isn’t enough big for a party.
12. Thank you! The cake is too delicious!
13. My brother is old enough for get a driving licence.
14. This box is too heavy to carry it.

Javoblar

1. The music is too loud. — ortiqcha, uxlab bo‘lmaydi.
2. He isn’t tall enough. — sifatdan keyin enough.
3. We don’t have enough money. — otdan oldin enough.
4. It’s too hot to eat. — natija to bilan.
5. Is your English good enough for the job?
6. too many — cars sanaladi.
7. too much — coffee sanalmaydi.
8. enough — yetarlimi degan savol.
9. too much — time sanalmaydi.
10. too many — mistakes sanaladi.
11. The room isn’t big enough for a party.
12. The cake is really / very delicious! — maqtovda too emas.
13. …old enough to get a driving licence. — for emas, to + fe’l.
14. This box is too heavy to carry. — oxirida it kerak emas.

Too ning yaqin qarindoshi — so va such: It was so hot that we stayed at home. Bu qolip so va such farqi sahifasida. Sifatlar bo‘yicha aralash topshiriqlar esa sifat darajalari mashqlari da.

Do‘konda too va enough ni Bandi bilan mashq qiling

Kiyim o‘lchash, restoranda taom haqida fikr aytish, xonani ijaraga olish — too va enough shu vaziyatlarda o‘z-o‘zidan kerak bo‘ladi. BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan rolli suhbatda do‘kon yoki restoran vaziyatini mashq qilishingiz mumkin; ilova enough big kabi tartib xatolarini ko‘rsatadi. Bugun uyingizdagi uchta narsa haqida gap tuzing: biri too, biri enough, biri not… enough bilan.

BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling