Ha — yes, yo‘q — no. Lekin yolg‘iz Yes. yoki No. ingliz tilida ko‘pincha quruq, ba’zan qo‘pol eshitiladi. Ikki narsa uni yumshatadi: qisqa javob (Yes, I do. / No, I haven’t.) va mos so‘z (Sure!, Not really., I’d rather not.). Ayniqsa “yo‘q”ni muloyim aytish muhim: I’m afraid not yoki Thanks, but I’ll pass.
Hozir sinab ko‘ring: kimdir Do you like jazz? deb so‘rasa, No o‘rniga Not really, I’m more into rock deng. Javob bir zumda iliqroq va suhbat davom etadi.
“Yes, I do”: savoldagi yordamchi fe’lni qaytaring
Ingliz tilida “ha/yo‘q”ga ko‘pincha savoldagi yordamchi fe’l qo‘shiladi. Bu eng tabiiy va xavfsiz javob.
| Savol | Ha | Yo‘q |
|---|---|---|
| Do you drive? | Yes, I do. | No, I don’t. |
| Is Bekzod at home? | Yes, he is. | No, he isn’t. |
| Have you finished the task? | Yes, I have. | No, not yet. |
| Can you swim? | Yes, I can. | No, I can’t. |
| Did they call back? | Yes, they did. | No, they didn’t. |
| Will you be there? | Yes, I will. | No, I won’t. |
Savol qanday tuzilishini ingliz tilida savol tuzish sahifasida ko‘ring: yordamchi fe’lni topsangiz, qisqa javob o‘z-o‘zidan chiqadi.
20 ta “ha”: kuchi va ohangi bo‘yicha
| № | Ibora | Tarjima | Qachon |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes. | Ha. | Neytral, rasmiy joyda ham. |
| 2 | Yeah. | Ha. | Kundalik gap. Yozma rasmiy matnda emas. |
| 3 | Yep. / Yup. | Ha. | Juda norasmiy. |
| 4 | Sure. | Albatta. | Iltimosga rozilik. Amerikada juda ko‘p. |
| 5 | Of course. | Albatta. | Ruxsat berishda. Ehtiyot: Did you lock the door? — Of course! “buni so‘rash shartmi?” degandek eshitilishi mumkin; u yerda Yes, I did xavfsizroq. |
| 6 | Absolutely. | Mutlaqo, albatta. | Kuchli rozilik. |
| 7 | Definitely. | Shubhasiz. | Kuchli rozilik. |
| 8 | Certainly. | Albatta. | Xizmat ko‘rsatishda, rasmiy. |
| 9 | No problem. | Muammo yo‘q. | Iltimosga. |
| 10 | Go ahead. | Marhamat, bemalol. | Ruxsat so‘ralganda. |
| 11 | By all means. | Bemalol, marhamat. | Rasmiy ruxsat. |
| 12 | Sounds good. | Yaxshi fikr, kelishdik. | Reja yoki taklifga. |
| 13 | Why not? | Nega endi yo‘q? | Taklifga yengil rozilik. |
| 14 | I’d love to. | Jonim bilan. | Taklif, mehmonga chaqiruv. |
| 15 | I think so. | Menimcha, ha. | Ishonch to‘liq emas. |
| 16 | I guess so. | Shunaqa bo‘lsa kerak. | Istar-istamas rozilik. |
| 17 | Exactly. / Right. | Xuddi shunday. / To‘g‘ri. | Fikrga qo‘shilish. |
| 18 | Uh-huh. / Mm-hmm. | Ha, ha. | Tinglayotganingizni bildirish. |
| 19 | You bet! | Albatta-da! | Amerikacha, norasmiy, quvnoq. |
| 20 | Totally. | Mutlaqo. | Yoshlar orasida, norasmiy rozilik. |
20 ta “yo‘q”: yumshoqdan qat’iygacha
| № | Ibora | Tarjima | Qachon |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21 | No. | Yo‘q. | Neytral, lekin yolg‘iz aytilsa quruq. |
| 22 | Nope. / Nah. | Yo‘-o‘q. | Juda norasmiy, do‘stlar orasida. |
| 23 | Not really. | Unchalik emas. | Yumshoq inkor. |
| 24 | Not exactly. | Aynan unday emas. | Qisman inkor. |
| 25 | I don’t think so. | Menimcha, yo‘q. | Muloyim. |
| 26 | I’m afraid not. | Afsuski, yo‘q. | Rasmiy, muloyim. |
| 27 | Unfortunately not. | Afsuski, yo‘q. | Xat, ish. |
| 28 | No, thanks. / No, thank you. | Yo‘q, rahmat. | Taklifni rad etish. |
| 29 | Thanks, but I’ll pass. | Rahmat, bu safar kerak emas. | Norasmiy rad. |
| 30 | I’d rather not. | Yaxshisi, yo‘q. | Xohlamaslikni muloyim aytish. |
| 31 | Maybe another time. | Balki boshqa safar. | Taklifni keyinga qoldirish. |
| 32 | I wish I could, but… | Qaniydi iloji bo‘lsa, lekin… | Iltimosni rad etish. |
| 33 | Not at the moment. | Hozircha yo‘q. | Vaqtinchalik inkor. |
| 34 | Not yet. | Hali yo‘q. | Kutilayotgan ish uchun. |
| 35 | Not at all. | Umuman yo‘q. | Do you mind…? ga javob (quyida). |
| 36 | Of course not. | Albatta yo‘q. | Are you upset with me? — Of course not! |
| 37 | Definitely not. | Aslo. | Qat’iy. |
| 38 | Absolutely not. | Mutlaqo yo‘q. | Juda qat’iy, rad etish. |
| 39 | No way! | Bo‘lishi mumkin emas! / Yo‘g‘-e! | Qat’iy rad yoki hayrat. |
| 40 | Hardly. | Deyarli yo‘q. | Do you see him often? — Hardly. |
Iltimos va taklifni rad etishning to‘liq usullari taklif qilish va rad etish inglizcha va iltimos inglizcha sahifalarida.
Inkor savolga javob: o‘zbekcha mantiq ishlamaydi
O‘zbekchada: “Kelmaysanmi? — Ha (kelmayman).” Ingliz tilida esa yes/no savolga emas, haqiqatga qaraydi: kelsangiz yes, kelmasangiz no.
| Savol | Ijobiy haqiqat | Salbiy haqiqat |
|---|---|---|
| Aren’t you coming? | Yes, I am. | No, I’m not. |
| Don’t you like the film? | Yes, I do! It’s great. | No, I don’t, sorry. |
| You haven’t seen my keys, have you? | Yes, they’re on the shelf. | No, I haven’t. |
Xavfsiz yo‘l: yes/no dan keyin doim qisqa javobni qo‘shing. No, I’m not dagi not sizning ma’noyingizni aniq qiladi, hatto yes/no ni adashtirsangiz ham.
“Do you mind…?” tuzog‘i
Do you mind if I sit here? aslida “Qarshi emasmisiz?” degani. Shuning uchun:
- Ruxsat bermoqchisiz: No, not at all. / No, go ahead. (Yo‘q, qarshi emasman.)
- Ruxsat bermaysiz: Actually, my friend is sitting there. Sorry. (Yolg‘iz Yes juda qo‘pol eshitiladi.)
Ko‘p o‘quvchi Do you mind…? ga Yes, sure! deb javob beradi va ma’no teskari bo‘ladi. Shunga o‘xshash: Would you mind waiting a minute? — Not at all. (Albatta kutaman.)
Ohang: bitta so‘z, uch ma’no
- Yes. (pastga tushuvchi ohang) — “Ha”, tasdiq.
- Yes? (ko‘tariluvchi ohang) — “Labbay? Nima edi?” Eshik taqillaganda yoki kimdir chaqirganda.
- Yeah, right. (cho‘zib, kinoya bilan) — “Ha, albatta, ishondim” ya’ni ishonmayman.
- Sure. iliq va tez aytilsa rozilik, sekin va tekis aytilsa istamay rozi bo‘lishdek eshitiladi.
Ohangni to‘g‘ri berish mashqlari inglizcha intonatsiya va urg‘u sahifasida.
Ha va yo‘q deyishdagi xatolar: “Yes, I don’t”
| Xato | To‘g‘ri | Izoh |
|---|---|---|
| Don’t you have a pen? — Yes, I don’t. | No, I don’t. | Yordamchi fe’l bilan javob mantiqqa mos bo‘lishi kerak. |
| Do you mind if I open the window? — Yes, open. | No, go ahead. | Yes = qarshiman. |
| Are you a student? — Yes, I’m. | Yes, I am. | Javob oxirida I’m, he’s kabi qisqartma ishlatilmaydi. |
| Have you eaten? — No, I didn’t. | No, I haven’t. | Savoldagi fe’lni qaytaring. |
| Rahbarga Yep. / Nope. | Yes, I have. / No, not yet. | Rasmiy vaziyatda norasmiy. |
| Taklifga yolg‘iz No. | No, thanks. / I’d rather not. | Yolg‘iz No quruq. |
Dialoglar
1. Ofisda: hamkasb yordam so‘raydi.
Malika: Jahongir, have you got a minute?
Jahongir: Sure, what’s up?
Malika: Could you check my slides before the meeting?
Jahongir: Of course. Are they in the shared folder?
Malika: Not yet. I’ll upload them now. Oh, and do you mind presenting the second part?
Jahongir: Hmm, I’d rather not, to be honest. I haven’t read the data. But I can answer questions about the budget.
Malika: Sounds good. Thanks!
2. Do‘konda, kassada.
Kassir: Do you need a bag?
Nodir: No, thanks, I’ve got one.
Kassir: Would you like the receipt?
Nodir: Yes, please.
Kassir: Do you have our loyalty card?
Nodir: I’m afraid not. Is it free?
Kassir: Yes, it is. Do you want one?
Nodir: Maybe another time. I’m in a bit of a hurry.
Fikrga qo‘shilish va qo‘shilmaslik (I totally agree, I see your point, but…) alohida mavzu, u rozi emasman inglizcha sahifasida.
Mashq
A. Yordamchi fe’l bilan javob bering (qavs ichidagi ma’noda).
- 1. Does your sister work in a bank? (ha)
- 2. Have you been to Khiva? (hali yo‘q)
- 3. Aren’t you hungry? (och emasman)
- 4. Don’t you speak Russian? (gapiraman)
**B. Mos iborani tanlang: *Not at all / I’d rather not / Absolutely / Not really / I’m afraid not***
- 5. Would you mind closing the door? — ______ .
- 6. Mehmonxona: Is breakfast included? (kiritilmagan, rasmiy) — ______ .
- 7. Do‘st: Do you want to sing karaoke? (xohlamaysiz, muloyim) — ______ .
- 8. Do you like horror films? (unchalik) — ______ .
- 9. Is this the best plov in Tashkent? (qat’iy rozisiz) — ______ !
Javoblar
1 — Yes, she does.; 2 — No, not yet. (No, I haven’t.); 3 — No, I’m not.; 4 — Yes, I do.; 5 — Not at all.; 6 — I’m afraid not.; 7 — I’d rather not.; 8 — Not really.; 9 — Absolutely!
Ha va yo‘qni jonli suhbatda mashq qilish
Bunday javoblar yozuvda oson, lekin tez savolga bir soniyada No, I haven’t deyish mashq talab qiladi. BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan ovozli suhbatda uni sizga ketma-ket Do you…? Have you…? Don’t you…? savollarini berishga undang va har safar qisqa javob qo‘shing. Ilova talaffuz va grammatika bo‘yicha izoh beradi. Bugungi vazifa: ro‘yxatdagi 40 variantdan uchtasini tanlab (Sounds good, I’d rather not, Not really), kun davomida bir martadan ishlating.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
