Ega o‘rnida I, he, she, we, they, fe’l yoki predlogdan keyin me, him, her, us, them keladi; ot oldida my, his, her, otsiz esa mine, his, hers ishlatiladi, “o‘zim, o‘zi” ma’nosida myself, herself. O‘zbekchadagi bitta “u” inglizchada he, she yoki it ga bo‘linadi, shuning uchun har gapda kim haqida gapirayotganingizni tekshiring; jadvallar kishilik olmoshlari va egalik olmoshlari sahifalarida.
Mashqlar bir oilaning to‘y tayyorgarligi atrofida. Buxorolik Rahimovlar oilasida o‘g‘il Doniyor shanba kuni Mohiraga uylanyapti. Uyda hamma band: Hamid bobo mehmonlarni kutadi, Karomat buvi oshxonada, Doniyorning singlisi Zarina esa gul va bezaklar uchun javobgar. To‘rt bosqich, 30 ta topshiriq; har bosqichdan keyin javob va izoh.
1-bosqich: I yoki me, they yoki them (1–8)
Qavsdagi olmoshni to‘g‘ri shaklga keltiring.
- 1. Grandma baked non for the guests and gave some to ______ (we).
- 2. ______ (they) are putting up the tent in the courtyard.
- 3. Mohira’s parents invited ______ (I) to the wedding.
- 4. The photographer took a picture of Mohira and ______ (he).
- 5. — Who wants more tea? — ______ (I)!
- 6. Doniyor is two years older than ______ (she).
- 7. Please don’t wait for ______ (we). Start without ______ (we).
- 8. Grandpa told ______ (they) a funny story about his own wedding.
1-bosqich javoblari
1 — us; 2 — They; 3 — me; 4 — him; 5 — Me! (yoki I do!); 6 — her (yoki she is); 7 — us … us; 8 — them.
- 4. Tekshirish usuli: Mohirani olib tashlang. A picture of he ma’nosiz, a picture of him to‘g‘ri. Ikkinchi odam qo‘shilgani qoidani o‘zgartirmaydi.
- 5. Bir so‘zli og‘zaki javobda Me! tabiiy. I! deb yolg‘iz aytilmaydi; to‘liq javob kerak bo‘lsa, I do!
- 6. Kundalik nutqda than her, rasmiy yozuvda than she is. Yolg‘iz than she eskicha eshitiladi.
- 7. For va without predlog, ulardan keyin ob’ekt shakli.
2-bosqich: bitta “u” — he, she yoki it (9–16)
Rasmlarga qarang va gaplarni he, she, it, his, her, its bilan to‘ldiring. Keyin 14–16 ni o‘zbekchadan tarjima qiling.
- 9. Grandpa Hamid is leaning on ______ walking stick. ______ is wearing a do‘ppi.
- 10. Grandma Karomat is tasting the soup. ______ thinks ______ needs more salt.
- 11. Zarina has just heard the news. ______ is so happy that ______ can’t stop smiling.
- 12. Sherzod has got ______ headphones around ______ neck, and Laylo is carrying ______ bag.
- 13. Doniyor is at the gym. ______ is holding a dumbbell, and ______ towel is on ______ shoulder.
- 14. Akam shifokor. U shahar kasalxonasida ishlaydi.
- 15. Opamning mushugi bor. U kun bo‘yi uxlaydi.
- 16. Kelin keldi. Uning ko‘ylagi juda chiroyli.
2-bosqich javoblari
- 9. his … He.
- 10. She … it. It bu yerda sho‘rva: narsa haqida gapirilganda it.
- 11. She … she.
- 12. his … his … her. Egalik olmoshi egasiga qarab tanlanadi, narsaga emas: Layloning sumkasi — her bag.
- 13. He … his … his.
- 14. My brother is a doctor. He works at the city hospital.
- 15. My sister has a cat. It sleeps all day. Uy hayvoni haqida egasi ko‘pincha she yoki he deydi: She sleeps all day ham to‘g‘ri, agar mushukning jinsi ma’lum bo‘lsa.
- 16. The bride has arrived. Her dress is very beautiful. “Uning” so‘zi kelinga tegishli, demak her. Bu yerda his deyish tinglovchini chalg‘itadi: go‘yo ko‘ylak kuyovniki.
3-bosqich: my yoki mine, its yoki it’s, whose yoki who’s (17–23)
Bo‘sh joyni to‘ldiring. Qavs bo‘lsa, undagi so‘zni to‘g‘ri shaklga keltiring.
- 17. — Is this scarf ______ (you), Zarina? — No, it’s not ______ (I). I think it’s Mohira’s.
- 18. The restaurant has changed ______ menu, so we need to choose the dishes again.
- 19. ______ going to drive the bride’s car? — Doniyor’s cousin.
- 20. ______ shoes are these? Somebody left them near the door.
- 21. Our family’s present is bigger than ______ (they).
- 22. Mohira invited a colleague of ______ (she) from the bank.
- 23. ______ the first time I’ve been to a wedding in Bukhara.
3-bosqich javoblari
- 17. yours … mine. Gap oxirida ot yo‘q, shuning uchun otsiz shakllar.
- 18. its — “restoranning menyusi”, egalik. It’s = it is, bu yerda ma’no bermaydi.
- 19. Who’s — Who is going to drive…? Qisqartma.
- 20. Whose — “kimning tuflisi?”, egalik.
- 21. theirs — than their present ning qisqa shakli. Than their dan keyin ot bo‘lmasa, xato.
- 22. hers — a colleague of hers = “uning bir hamkasbi”. A her colleague deb bo‘lmaydi.
- 23. It’s — It is the first time…
Whose va who’s ning boshqa holatlari: who, whom, whose farqi.
4-bosqich: myself, each other va xatolar (24–30)
**A. Bo‘sh joyga o‘zlik olmoshi yoki each other yozing.**
- 24. Doniyor ironed his shirt ______. His mother didn’t help him.
- 25. At the end of the ceremony, the bride and groom looked at ______ and smiled.
- 26. Zarina taught ______ to play the doira from videos.
- 27. Don’t worry about us. We can look after ______.
B. Har gapda bitta xato bor. Tuzating.
- 28. Mohira’s brother? She is working in Moscow now.
- 29. I washed all the dishes by me.
- 30. Our neighbours have a new car. Their is red.
4-bosqich javoblari
- 24. himself — hech kim yordam bermagan, o‘zi dazmollagan.
- 25. each other — ikkalasi bir-biriga qaradi. Themselves desangiz, har biri o‘z aksiga qaragandek chiqadi.
- 26. herself — teach yourself = “mustaqil o‘rganmoq”.
- 27. ourselves — look after dan keyin to‘ldiruvchi kerak, egasi we.
- 28. He is working in Moscow now. Bu juda ko‘p uchraydigan xato: gap boshida ot aniq (brother), olmosh esa avtomatik chiqib ketadi.
- 29. I washed all the dishes by myself. By myself = “yolg‘iz, yordamsiz”.
- 30. Theirs is red. (yoki Their car is red.) Otsiz their ishlatilmaydi.
O‘zlik olmoshi qayerda kerak emasligi (relax, feel, meet) haqida: myself, yourself qoidasi.
Ball va keyingi qadam
Har to‘g‘ri javob 1 ball. Bir bandda bir nechta bo‘sh joy bo‘lsa, hammasi to‘g‘ri bo‘lgandagina ball bering.
| Ball | Nima degani | Keyingi qadam |
|---|---|---|
| 27–30 | Olmoshlar joyida | Oilangiz haqida 10 gaplik matn yozing, namuna: oilam haqida inglizcha matn |
| 20–26 | Asos bor, egalik shakllari chalkash | Egalik olmoshlari sahifasidagi jadvalni ko‘rib, 17–23 ni qayta yozing |
| 12–19 | He/she va I/me hali tasodifiy | Kishilik olmoshlari sahifasini o‘qing, keyin 1–2-bosqichni boshidan ishlang |
| 0–11 | Mavzu yangi | Avval faqat 1-bosqichni ishlang, bir necha kundan keyin qolganiga o‘ting |
O‘zbekchadan olib kelinadigan uchta odat
- Bitta “u”. O‘zbekchada “u” erkakka ham, ayolga ham, narsaga ham ishlatiladi, “uning” ham shunday. Inglizchada har safar tanlash kerak, shuning uchun gapirayotganda he va she almashib ketadi (28-band). Mashq: oila a’zolaringiz haqida ketma-ket beshta gap ayting va har gapda olmoshni ataylab ta’kidlang.
- “O‘zining” har doim egaga qaraydi. Laylo o‘z sumkasini ko‘tardi — Laylo is carrying her bag. Inglizchada “o‘zining” degan alohida so‘z yo‘q, egalik olmoshi egasiga moslanadi (12-band).
- “Men va Zarina”. O‘zbekchada o‘zingizni birinchi aytish odatiy. Inglizchada o‘zingiz oxirida turasiz va shakl gapdagi o‘ringa qarab tanlanadi: Zarina and I decorated the room, lekin Grandma thanked Zarina and me.
Bandi bilan oilangiz haqida gapiring
Olmosh xatosi yozuvda kam, og‘zaki nutqda ko‘p uchraydi: tez gapirganda he va she o‘rin almashadi. BandMate ilovasida Bandi sizdan oilangiz, qarindoshlaringiz va yaqinda borgan to‘yingiz haqida so‘raydi. Ovoz chiqarib javob berasiz, keyin qaysi gapda olmosh noto‘g‘ri chiqqanini ko‘rasiz. Bu sun’iy intellekt izohi, rasmiy baho emas, lekin sizda qaysi juftlik ko‘proq almashishini ko‘rsatadi. Bugun uchta qarindoshingiz haqida ikki gapdan ayting: birida he yoki she, ikkinchisida his yoki her.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
