Sabzavot ingliz tilida vegetable, ko‘kat esa herbs (shivit, kashnich kabi ta’m beruvchi ko‘katlar) yoki greens (barg sabzavotlar). Eng kerakli so‘zlar: carrot (sabzi), onion (piyoz), turnip (sholg‘om), radish (turp), dill (shivit), coriander (kashnich). Osh uchun esa to‘rttasi yetarli: carrots, onions, garlic, chickpeas.
Tez yutuq uchun hozir ayting: We need a kilo of yellow carrots, three onions and a bunch of coriander. Bu gapni bozorda ham, oshxonada ham ishlatasiz. Umumiy ovqat lug‘ati ovqat nomlari inglizcha sahifasida; bu yerda sabzavotlar to‘liq ro‘yxati va osh xaridi.
Ildizmevalilar va piyozlar
| № | Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | carrot /ˈkærət/ | sabzi | Cut the carrots into thin sticks, not circles. |
| 2 | turnip /ˈtɜːnɪp/ | sholg‘om | In winter my grandmother boils turnips for a cough. |
| 3 | radish /ˈrædɪʃ/ | rediska, turp | Small red radishes are the first vegetables of spring. |
| 4 | black radish | qora turp | Black radish salad is very sharp. |
| 5 | green radish | ko‘k turp (Marg‘ilon turpi) | Green radish is milder and a bit sweet. |
| 6 | beetroot (UK), beet (US) | lavlagi | Beetroot turns the whole salad pink. |
| 7 | potato /pəˈteɪtəʊ/ | kartoshka | Peel the potatoes and cut them into cubes. |
| 8 | onion /ˈʌnjən/ | piyoz | Chopping onions always makes me cry. |
| 9 | spring onion (UK), green onion (US) | ko‘k piyoz | Sprinkle some spring onion on the eggs. |
| 10 | leek /liːk/ | porey piyoz | A leek looks like a giant spring onion. |
| 11 | garlic /ˈɡɑːlɪk/ | sarimsoq | Put two whole garlic bulbs in the middle of the rice. |
Talaffuz: onion “onion” deb o‘qilmaydi: AN-yən, birinchi unli sundagi kabi. Turnip /ɜː/ bilan: og‘iz yarim ochiq, cho‘ziq “ö”ga yaqin. Radish oxiri sh, “radis” emas.
Mevasi yeyiladigan sabzavotlar
| № | Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12 | tomato /təˈmɑːtəʊ/ | pomidor | Summer tomatoes from the dacha taste completely different. |
| 13 | cucumber /ˈkjuːkʌmbə/ | bodring | Slice the cucumbers thinly for achchiq-chuchuk. |
| 14 | bell pepper (sweet pepper) | bulg‘or qalampiri | Red bell peppers are sweeter than green ones. |
| 15 | chilli (UK), chili (US) | achchiq qalampir | One chilli is enough for the whole pot. |
| 16 | aubergine (UK), eggplant (US) | baqlajon | Aubergines soak up a lot of oil. |
| 17 | courgette (UK), zucchini (US) | qovoqcha | Courgettes grow very fast in July. |
| 18 | pumpkin /ˈpʌmpkɪn/ | qovoq | We cut the pumpkin into small pieces for manti. |
| 19 | sweetcorn, corn on the cob | makkajo‘xori | Boiled corn on the cob is sold near the park. |
Dukkaklilar: no‘xat tuzog‘i
| № | Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | chickpeas /ˈtʃɪkpiːz/ | no‘xat | Soak the chickpeas overnight before cooking. |
| 21 | peas /piːz/ | ko‘k no‘xat | Frozen peas are useful for a quick soup. |
| 22 | green beans | ko‘k loviya (dukkagi bilan) | Green beans go well with fried meat. |
| 23 | kidney beans | qizil loviya | There are kidney beans in this soup. |
| 24 | mung beans | mosh | Mung beans are the main ingredient of moshxo‘rda. |
| 25 | lentils /ˈlentlz/ | yasmiq | Red lentils cook in fifteen minutes. |
O‘zbekcha no‘xat osh ichidagi sariq, yirik dukkakli — inglizcha chickpeas. Inglizcha peas esa yashil, mayda, shirinroq ko‘k no‘xat. Chet ellikka There are peas in the plov desangiz, u yashil no‘xat qidiradi.
Barg va karam sabzavotlar, qo‘ziqorin
| № | Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| 26 | cabbage /ˈkæbɪdʒ/ | karam | We buy a whole cabbage for dimlama. |
| 27 | cauliflower /ˈkɒliflaʊə/ | gulkaram | Cauliflower is nice fried in batter. |
| 28 | broccoli /ˈbrɒkəli/ | brokkoli | My kids won’t eat broccoli. |
| 29 | lettuce /ˈletɪs/ | salat bargi | Wash the lettuce well, there’s sand in it. |
| 30 | spinach /ˈspɪnɪtʃ/ | ismaloq | Spinach somsa is popular in spring. |
| 31 | sorrel /ˈsɒrəl/ | otquloq | Sorrel has a sour, lemony taste. |
| 32 | celery /ˈseləri/ | selderey | Add a stick of celery to the broth. |
| 33 | mushrooms /ˈmʌʃrʊmz/ | qo‘ziqorin | These mushrooms were picked in the mountains. |
Ko‘katlar va ziravorlar
| № | Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| 34 | dill /dɪl/ | shivit | A bunch of dill costs almost nothing in summer. |
| 35 | coriander (UK), cilantro (US) | kashnich | Some people hate the taste of coriander. |
| 36 | parsley /ˈpɑːsli/ | petrushka | Chop the parsley very finely. |
| 37 | basil /ˈbæzl/ | rayhon | Purple basil grows in many Uzbek gardens. |
| 38 | mint /mɪnt/ | yalpiz | Put a few mint leaves in the yogurt. |
| 39 | tarragon /ˈtærəɡən/ | tarxun | Tarragon smells a bit like aniseed. |
| 40 | cumin /ˈkjuːmɪn/ | zira | Rub the cumin between your palms before adding it. |
Herbs Britaniyada /hɜːbz/, Amerikada /ɜːbz/ — h o‘qilmaydi. Ikkalasi ham to‘g‘ri.
Sanaladimi? bunch, head, clove
Sabzavotlarning ko‘pi sanaladi (a carrot, three potatoes), lekin ba’zilari faqat o‘lchov bilan aytiladi:
| So‘z | Qanday aytiladi | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| garlic | a clove of garlic (bir tishi), a bulb / head of garlic (bir bosh) | Add three cloves of garlic. |
| dill, coriander, parsley | a bunch of… (bir bog‘) | Buy two bunches of coriander. |
| cabbage, lettuce | a cabbage / a head of lettuce; bo‘lagi — some cabbage | There’s some cabbage left. |
| spinach, sorrel | sanalmaydi: some spinach | I need a lot of spinach. |
| corn | an ear / a cob of corn | He ate two cobs of corn. |
| rice, oil, salt | sanalmaydi: a kilo of rice, a bottle of oil, a pinch of salt | Add a pinch of salt. |
How many carrots? — sanaladi, how much garlic? — sanalmaydi. Batafsil qoida much, many, a lot of sahifasida.
Osh uchun xarid ro‘yxati inglizcha
Chet ellik do‘stingiz bilan osh qilmoqchisiz. Oila uchun bitta qozonga taxminiy ro‘yxat (miqdori oilangiz odatiga qarab o‘zgaradi):
- 1 kg rice (devzira yoki lazer guruch) — a local rice that absorbs the oil well
- 1 kg meat — lamb or beef, cut into large pieces
- 1 kg carrots — yellow and orange carrots, cut into matchsticks
- 3 onions — sliced into half rings
- a bottle of oil — cottonseed or sunflower oil
- 2 bulbs of garlic — whole, with the skin on
- a cup of chickpeas — soaked overnight
- cumin, barberries, salt, black pepper
Jarayonni ingliz tilida qisqa aytish: First, heat the oil and fry the meat. Then add the onions and the carrots. Pour in water, add the spices and let it simmer. Finally, add the rice and cook it on low heat with the lid on. Pishirish fe’llari (simmer, stir, drain) to‘liq ro‘yxati ovqat pishirish fe’llari sahifasida.
Dialog: bozorga ro‘yxat
Onam: Can you go to the bazaar? We’re making plov for the guests tonight.
Bekzod: Sure. What do we need?
Onam: Two kilos of yellow carrots, five onions and three bulbs of garlic.
Bekzod: Any herbs?
Onam: Yes, a big bunch of coriander and some dill for the salad. And don’t forget the radishes.
Bekzod: Black or green?
Onam: Green, from Margilan if they have them.
O‘zbek o‘quvchilari ko‘p qiladigan xatolar
| Xato | To‘g‘ri | Izoh |
|---|---|---|
| Give me one garlic. | Give me a bulb of garlic. | Garlic sanalmaydi. |
| There are peas in the plov. | There are chickpeas in the plov. | No‘xat = chickpeas. |
| I need two greens. | I need two bunches of herbs. | Ko‘katni bog‘ bilan sanang. |
| Beet salat | beetroot salad | Salad oxiri d. |
| Cabbage “kabeyj” | /ˈkæbɪdʒ/ | Ikkinchi bo‘g‘in qisqa: KA-bij. |
| Grate the carrots for plov. | Cut the carrots into matchsticks. | Osh sabzisi qirg‘ichdan o‘tkazilmaydi. |
Mashq
A. Tarjima qiling.
- 1. sholg‘om
- 2. shivit
- 3. kashnich
- 4. mosh
- 5. baqlajon
- 6. zira
B. To‘g‘ri so‘zni tanlang.
- 7. Add two (cloves / bunches) of garlic.
- 8. Buy a (bunch / clove) of dill.
- 9. How (much / many) onions do we need?
- 10. How (much / many) spinach is left?
- 11. Uzbek plov has (peas / chickpeas) in it.
- 12. For plov, cut the carrots into (matchsticks / circles).
Javoblar
1 — turnip; 2 — dill; 3 — coriander (US: cilantro); 4 — mung beans; 5 — aubergine (US: eggplant); 6 — cumin; 7 — cloves; 8 — bunch; 9 — many; 10 — much; 11 — chickpeas; 12 — matchsticks.
Mevalar ro‘yxati mevalar nomi inglizcha sahifasida, oshni chet ellikka tushuntirish esa o‘zbek taomlari inglizcha sahifasida.
BandMate bilan mashq
BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan oshxonangiz haqida gaplashing: What vegetables do you usually buy? How do you make plov? Yuqoridagi osh jarayonini first, then, finally bilan o‘z so‘zingiz bilan aytib bering. Ovozli javobda onion, cabbage yoki herbs talaffuzida xato bo‘lsa, ilova izoh beradi.
BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling
