Tana a’zolari ingliz tilida body parts deyiladi. Eng kerakli o‘ntasi: head (bosh), neck (bo‘yin), shoulder (yelka), back (orqa), stomach (qorin), arm (qo‘l), hand (kaft bilan panja), leg (oyoq), foot (oyoq panjasi), knee (tizza). O‘zbek tilidan farqi: “qo‘l” inglizchada ikkiga bo‘linadi (arm va hand), “oyoq” ham ikkiga (leg va foot). Tana a’zosi haqida gapirganda oldiga deyarli doim egalik olmoshi qo‘yiladi: my arm, his knee.
Hozir o‘zingizga ko‘rsatib, ovoz chiqarib ayting: This is my head, my shoulder, my arm, my hand. Bitta gapda to‘rtta so‘z.
Bosh va bo‘yin
| № | Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | head | bosh | Keep your head still for the photo. |
| 2 | hair | soch | Her hair is very long. |
| 3 | face | yuz | Wash your face with cold water. |
| 4 | eye | ko‘z | I’ve got something in my eye. |
| 5 | ear | quloq | My ears are cold. |
| 6 | nose | burun | Cover your nose when you sneeze. |
| 7 | mouth | og‘iz | Don’t talk with your mouth full. |
| 8 | tooth, teeth | tish, tishlar | Brush your teeth before bed. |
| 9 | tongue | til | The soup burnt my tongue. |
| 10 | chin | iyak | He rested his chin on his hand. |
| 11 | neck | bo‘yin | Wear a scarf around your neck. |
| 12 | throat | tomoq | My throat is dry. |
Yuzning mayda qismlari (eyebrow, eyelash, cheek, jaw) va tashqi ko‘rinishni tasvirlash alohida sahifada: yuz qismlari inglizcha.
Tana
| № | Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| 13 | body | tana | Exercise is good for your body and mind. |
| 14 | shoulder | yelka | She carries her bag on one shoulder. |
| 15 | chest | ko‘krak | He has a pain in his chest. |
| 16 | back | orqa | Sit with your back straight. |
| 17 | lower back | bel | Lift boxes with your legs, not your lower back. |
| 18 | waist | bel (kiyim o‘lchami, tana beli) | These trousers are too big around the waist. |
| 19 | stomach, tummy | qorin | My stomach is making noises. I’m hungry. |
| 20 | belly button | kindik | Babies love it when you tickle their belly button. |
| 21 | hip | son suyagi, yonbosh | My grandma had an operation on her hip. |
| 22 | skin | teri | Use sun cream to protect your skin. |
“Belim og‘riyapti” — My lower back hurts yoki I’ve got backache. My waist hurts deyilmaydi: waist ko‘proq kiyim o‘lchami va qomat haqida ishlatiladi.
Qo‘l: arm va hand
| № | Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23 | arm | qo‘l (yelkadan bilakkacha) | He broke his arm playing football. |
| 24 | armpit | qo‘ltiq | Put the thermometer under your armpit. |
| 25 | elbow | tirsak | Don’t put your elbows on the table. |
| 26 | forearm | bilak | She has a small tattoo on her forearm. |
| 27 | wrist | bilak bo‘g‘imi (soat taqiladigan joy) | I wear my watch on my left wrist. |
| 28 | hand | qo‘l (panja, kaft) | Raise your hand if you know the answer. |
| 29 | palm | kaft | Put the coin in your palm. |
| 30 | fist | musht | The baby held my finger in her fist. |
| 31 | finger | qo‘l barmog‘i | She wears a ring on her finger. |
| 32 | thumb | bosh barmoq | Give me a thumbs up if you can hear me. |
| 33 | knuckle | barmoq bo‘g‘imi | He knocked on the door with his knuckles. |
| 34 | nail, fingernail | tirnoq | Stop biting your nails. |
Oyoq: leg va foot
| № | Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| 35 | leg | oyoq (sondan to‘piqqacha) | My legs are tired after the hike. |
| 36 | thigh | son | Runners have strong thighs. |
| 37 | knee | tizza | I fell and hurt my knee. |
| 38 | lap | tizza (o‘tirgandagi ust qismi) | The cat is sleeping on my lap. |
| 39 | shin | boldir (old qismi) | He kicked me in the shin. |
| 40 | calf, calves | boldir (orqa, mushakli qismi) | Stretch your calves after running. |
| 41 | ankle | to‘piq | I twisted my ankle on the stairs. |
| 42 | foot, feet | oyoq panjasi | Take off your shoes; my feet hurt. |
| 43 | heel | tovon | These shoes hurt my heels. |
| 44 | sole | oyoq osti (taglik) | The sand burnt the soles of my feet. |
| 45 | toe | oyoq barmog‘i | I stubbed my toe on the bed. |
“Tizza” ham ikki so‘z: turganda bukiladigan bo‘g‘in — knee, o‘tirganingizda bola yoki mushuk yotadigan joy — lap. The baby is sitting on my knee ham to‘g‘ri, lekin on my lap ko‘proq ishlatiladi. “Barmoq” ham shunday: qo‘ldagisi finger, oyoqdagisi toe.
Ichki a’zolar va skelet
| № | Inglizcha | O‘zbekcha | Misol |
|---|---|---|---|
| 46 | brain | miya | The brain uses a lot of energy. |
| 47 | heart | yurak | Your heart beats faster when you run. |
| 48 | lungs | o‘pka | Smoking damages your lungs. |
| 49 | liver | jigar | Liver is popular in Uzbek kebabs. |
| 50 | kidneys | buyraklar | Drink water; it’s good for your kidneys. |
| 51 | stomach | oshqozon | Don’t take this tablet on an empty stomach. |
| 52 | intestines, guts | ichaklar | The intestines are several metres long. |
| 53 | bladder | siydik pufagi | The bladder stores urine. |
| 54 | bone | suyak | There are more than two hundred bones in the adult body. |
| 55 | skull | bosh suyagi | A helmet protects your skull. |
| 56 | spine | umurtqa pog‘onasi | Sitting all day is bad for your spine. |
| 57 | ribs | qovurg‘alar | He broke two ribs in the accident. |
| 58 | muscle | mushak | My muscles hurt after the gym. |
| 59 | joint | bo‘g‘im | My grandad’s joints hurt when it rains. |
| 60 | blood | qon | She gives blood twice a year. |
Ko‘plik va talaffuz tuzoqlari:
- foot → feet, tooth → teeth: ko‘plikda -s qo‘shilmaydi. My foots hurt — xato.
- knee, knuckle — k o‘qilmaydi; thumb — b o‘qilmaydi; wrist — w o‘qilmaydi; calf, palm — l o‘qilmaydi.
- stomach /ˈstʌmək/ — “stamak”, ch bu yerda /k/.
- muscle /ˈmʌsl/ — “masl”, c jim.
- heart /hɑːt/ va hurt /hɜːt/ — boshqa-boshqa unli: My heart hurts.
Egalik olmoshi: “qo‘lim og‘riyapti”
O‘zbekchada egalik qo‘shimchasi so‘zning o‘zida: qo‘lim, oyog‘i. Ingliz tilida uning o‘rnida olmosh turadi. The yoki hech narsa qo‘ymaslik tipik xato:
| Xato | To‘g‘ri |
|---|---|
| I broke arm. | I broke my arm. |
| She hurt the leg. | She hurt her leg. |
| Wash hands! (bolaga) | Wash your hands! |
| He has pain in stomach. | He has a pain in his stomach. |
My, his, her, their qaysi biri kerakligi egalik olmoshlari sahifasida jadval bilan berilgan.
Qisqa dialog: futbol mashg‘ulotida
Coach: Are you OK, Sardor? You’re limping.
Sardor: I landed badly. My ankle hurts.
Coach: Can you move your foot?
Sardor: Yes, but it hurts when I put weight on it.
Coach: Sit down and put some ice on it. If it swells, you should see a doctor.
Sardor: OK. Can I sit on the bench and watch?
Og‘riq va kasallik nomlari (sprain, bruise, backache) va ularni shifokorga qanday aytish kasalliklar nomi inglizcha sahifasida.
Tana a’zolari bilan 8 ta idioma
| Idioma | Ma’nosi | Misol |
|---|---|---|
| break a leg | omad! (sahnaga chiqayotganga) | Your concert is tonight? Break a leg! |
| cost an arm and a leg | juda qimmat bo‘lmoq | That phone costs an arm and a leg. |
| pull someone’s leg | hazillashmoq, laqillatmoq | Relax, I’m just pulling your leg. |
| learn by heart | yod olmoq | We learnt the poem by heart. |
| keep an eye on | ko‘z-quloq bo‘lmoq | Can you keep an eye on my bag? |
| give someone a hand | yordamlashmoq | Can you give me a hand with these boxes? |
| get cold feet | oxirgi daqiqada qo‘rqib qolmoq | He got cold feet before the interview. |
| be all ears | butun diqqat bilan tinglamoq | Tell me everything. I’m all ears. |
Break a leg so‘zma-so‘z “oyog‘ingni sindir” bo‘lsa-da, u yaxshi tilak. Sahnaga chiqayotgan odamga good luck o‘rniga aytiladi. Ko‘proq idiomalar va ularning kelib chiqishi tana a’zolari idiomalari sahifasida.
Mashq
A. Inglizcha ayting.
- 1. tirsak
- 2. to‘piq
- 3. yelka
- 4. oyoq barmog‘i
- 5. o‘pka
B. Xatoni tuzating.
- 6. My foots are cold.
- 7. He hurt the knee yesterday.
- 8. My waist hurts after the long drive.
C. Idiomani tanlang: pull my leg, costs an arm and a leg, by heart, give me a hand.
- 9. Can you ______? This table is heavy.
- 10. I know all the words ______.
- 11. A new car ______ these days.
- 12. You won a million? Stop trying to ______!
Javoblar
1 — elbow; 2 — ankle; 3 — shoulder; 4 — toe; 5 — lungs; 6 — My feet are cold; 7 — He hurt his knee yesterday; 8 — My lower back hurts after the long drive (yoki I’ve got backache); 9 — give me a hand; 10 — by heart; 11 — costs an arm and a leg; 12 — pull my leg.
Bolalar bilan bu so‘zlarni o‘yin orqali takrorlamoqchi bo‘lsangiz, bolalarga tana a’zolari sahifasida qo‘shiq va harakatli o‘yinlar bor.
BandMate bilan mashq
BandMate ilovasida Bandi bilan suhbatda sport yoki kun tartibingiz haqida gapirib, tana a’zolari so‘zlarini ishlating: After football my legs and my back hurt. Ilova stomach, muscle, thumb kabi talaffuzi qiyin so‘zlar bo‘yicha izoh beradi. Yuqoridagi 60 so‘zni bir necha kunda bo‘lib o‘rganing: har kuni bitta jadval, ertasi kuni avvalgisini takrorlab.
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