To be mashqlari: am, is, are, was, were — 30 ta topshiriq

Eslatma: to be o‘zbekchadagi “-man, -san, -miz” qo‘shimchalari vazifasini bajaradi: hozirgi zamonda am, is, are, o‘tgan zamonda was, were (I am a nurse. We were at home). Inkorda undan keyin not qo‘yiladi, so‘roqda esa u egadan oldinga chiqadi (Is she ready?). Batafsil qoida va 30 ta misol to be fe’li: am, is, are sahifasida.

Bu sahifada 30 ta topshiriq to‘rt bosqichda. Birinchi bosqich to‘g‘ridan-to‘g‘ri o‘zbekcha gapdan boshlanadi, chunki xatolarning ko‘pi aynan tarjima paytida chiqadi. Javoblar va izohlar oxirida.

O‘zbekcha qo‘shimcha va to be: bitta jadvalda

Eng muhim farq uchinchi qatorda: o‘zbekchada “U uyda”, “Non issiq” gaplarida hech qanday qo‘shimcha yo‘q, inglizchada esa is albatta kerak.

1-bosqich: o‘zbekchadan am, is, are ga (1–8)

Bo‘sh joyga am, is yoki are qo‘ying.

• 1. Biz qo‘shnimiz. → We ______ neighbours.
• 2. Sen juda aqllisan. → You ______ very clever.
• 3. U hamshira. → She ______ a nurse.
• 4. Men charchadim. → I ______ tired.
• 5. Bu non hali issiq. → This bread ______ still hot.
• 6. Ular Namangandan. → They ______ from Namangan.
• 7. Kalitlar stol ustida. → The keys ______ on the table.
• 8. Men o‘n to‘qqiz yoshdaman. → I ______ nineteen.

2-bosqich: was yoki were (9–15)

• 9. It ______ very cold yesterday.
• 10. We ______ at my uncle’s wedding last Sunday.
• 11. The tickets ______ expensive, but the concert ______ amazing.
• 12. Where ______ you at three o’clock? I called you twice.
• 13. My grandfather ______ a bus driver when he ______ young.
• 14. There ______ a lot of people at Chorsu bazaar yesterday.
• 15. The film ______ boring, so we left early.

3-bosqich: inkor va so‘roq (16–23)

A. Inkor shaklga o‘tkazing.

• 16. I am hungry.
• 17. The pharmacy is open.
• 18. They were at school yesterday.
• 19. Your answer was wrong.

B. So‘roq gap tuzing. 20–22 ga qisqa javob ham yozing.

• 20. She is your teacher. (ha)
• 21. The children are asleep. (yo‘q)
• 22. You were at the match. (ha)
• 23. where / your parents / from?

4-bosqich: xatoni toping (24–30)

Har gapda bitta xato bor.

• 24. Our flat is have three rooms.
• 25. I not ready yet.
• 26. Are you agree with me?
• 27. My sister is 20 years.
• 28. We was very happy to see you.
• 29. Why you are late?
• 30. Yesterday I am very busy.

Javoblar

1-bosqich

1 — are; 2 — are; 3 — is; 4 — am; 5 — is; 6 — are; 7 — are; 8 — am.

• 2. “Sen” ham, “siz” ham inglizchada you, va you bilan doim are, bitta odam bo‘lsa ham.
• 3 va 5. O‘zbekchada qo‘shimcha yo‘q, lekin inglizcha gapda fe’lsiz gap bo‘lmaydi. She a nurse — to‘liq bo‘lmagan gap.
• 4. O‘zbekcha “charchadim” fe’l kabi ko‘rinadi, inglizchada esa tired sifat: I am tired. I tired yoki I am tire emas. Xuddi shunday: I’m hungry, I’m late, I’m ready.
• 7. Ega the keys — ko‘plik. Ko‘plikni -s orqali tanib oling.
• 8. Yosh be bilan aytiladi: I am nineteen yoki I am nineteen years old. “Menda 19 yil bor” mazmunidagi I have 19 rus tilidan o‘tgan xato.

2-bosqich

9 — was; 10 — were; 11 — were / was; 12 — were; 13 — was / was; 14 — were; 15 — was.

• 11. Bitta gapda ikki ega: the tickets (ko‘plik) — were, the concert (birlik) — was.
• 12. You bilan o‘tgan zamonda ham doim were. Where was you? — tez-tez eshitiladigan xato.
• 14. There dan keyingi fe’l undan keyin keladigan otga qarab tanlanadi: a lot of people — ko‘plik, were. Bu qolip haqida alohida: there is va there are.

3-bosqich

• 16. I’m not hungry. I amn’t degan qisqa shakl yo‘q.
• 17. The pharmacy isn’t open. (Yoki: The pharmacy is not open.)
• 18. They weren’t at school yesterday.
• 19. Your answer wasn’t wrong.
• 20. Is she your teacher? — Yes, she is. Ha/yo‘q javobida Yes, she’s deyilmaydi: oxirida to‘liq is qoladi.
• 21. Are the children asleep? — No, they aren’t.
• 22. Were you at the match? — Yes, I was. Savolda you, javobda I.
• 23. Where are your parents from? From gap oxirida qoladi.

4-bosqich

• 24. Our flat has three rooms. Have/has va is birga ishlatilmaydi.
• 25. I’m not ready yet. Not yolg‘iz turolmaydi, unga am kerak.
• 26. Do you agree with me? Agree — fe’l, unga do kerak. O‘zbekcha “rozimisiz?” ga qarab are qo‘yish juda keng tarqalgan.
• 27. My sister is 20 yoki 20 years old. Years ni ishlatsangiz, old ham qo‘shilishi shart.
• 28. We were very happy to see you.
• 29. Why are you late? So‘roqda be egadan oldinga chiqadi, savol so‘zi bo‘lsa ham.
• 30. Yesterday I was very busy. Yesterday — o‘tgan zamon belgisi.

Ball va keyingi qadam

Qisqa shakllar: yozuvda va nutqda

Suhbatda to‘liq shakl kam eshitiladi. Mashqni qisqa shakllar bilan ham bir marta takrorlang.

Was va were ning darak qisqa shakli yo‘q: I was deb to‘liq aytiladi. It’s (it is) bilan its (uning) ni ham adashtirmang: It’s cold. The cat is eating its food.

Qayerda ortiqcha, qayerda yetishmaydi

To be bilan xatolar ikki xil bo‘ladi va ikkalasi ham o‘zbek tilidan keladi. Birinchisi — to be tushib qoladi, chunki o‘zbekchada “U uyda”, “Havo sovuq” gaplarida fe’l yo‘q: 3, 5 va 25-bandlar shu haqda. Ikkinchisi — to be ortiqcha qo‘yiladi, chunki “-man” qo‘shimchasi har qanday fe’lga ham qo‘shiladi: “ishlayman” → I am work, “roziman” → I am agree. 24 va 26-bandlar shunday xatolar. Qoidani qisqa eslang: gapda boshqa fe’l (work, agree, have, like) bo‘lsa, to be odatda kerak emas; fe’l yo‘q bo‘lsa (sifat, kasb, joy, yosh), to be shart.

O‘zingiz haqingizda Bandiga aytib bering

Tanishuvda ishlatiladigan gaplarning deyarli yarmi to be bilan: I’m from Samarkand. My brother is a programmer. We were classmates. BandMate ilovasida Bandi siz bilan tanishadi, oilangiz va shahringiz haqida so‘raydi, siz esa ovoz chiqarib javob berasiz. Keyin am/is/are tushib qolgan yoki ortiqcha qo‘yilgan joylarni ko‘rasiz. Bu sun’iy intellekt izohi, o‘qituvchi bahosi emas. Bugun beshta gap ayting: ismingiz, yoshingiz, qayerdansiz, kasbingiz va kecha qayerda bo‘lganingiz.

BandMate’ni Google’da afzal manba qiling