DTM ingliz tili grammatika: 15 mavzu, qoida va test savoli

Oliy ta’limga kirish testida ingliz tili grammatikasi yetti bo‘limdan olinadi: otlar va artikllar, olmoshlar, sifat va ravish darajalari, zamonlar va majhul nisbat bilan fe’l shakllari, modal fe’llar, predlog va bog‘lovchilar, hamda o‘zlashtirma gap, shart gaplar va so‘roq gaplar. Bu ro‘yxat Bilim va malakalarni baholash agentligining ingliz tili bo‘yicha “test varianti tafsiloti” hujjatidan olingan (2026-yil 1-oktabrda tekshirildi).

Quyida har bo‘lim mayda mavzularga bo‘lingan: qisqa qoida, o‘zbek o‘quvchisi ko‘p qiladigan xato va bitta mashq savoli. Savollar tahririyat tuzgan mashq savollari, real test savollari emas. Javoblar sahifa oxirida. Test tuzilishi, ball va tayyorlanish rejasi DTM ingliz tili testiga tayyorlanish sahifasida.

Mavzular xaritasi

1.1. Otlar, artikllar va sonlar

1. Birlik va ko‘plik. Ko‘pchilik ot -s/-es oladi, lekin test ko‘pincha istisnolarni so‘raydi: child – children, man – men, tooth – teeth, mouse – mice, sheep – sheep. Xato: childrens, chunki children allaqachon ko‘plik.

• Mashq: The ___ are playing in the park. (A) child (B) childs (C) children (D) childrens

2. Egalik kelishigi. Birlikda ’s (my brother’s bag), -s bilan tugagan ko‘plikda faqat apostrof (my parents’ house), noto‘g‘ri ko‘plikda ’s (children’s books). O‘zbekchadagi “-ning” bitta, inglizchada esa apostrof o‘rni egasining soniga bog‘liq.

• Mashq: This is ___ house; they bought it in 2010. (A) my parents (B) my parent’s (C) my parents’ (D) my parents’s

3. Sanaladigan va sanalmaydigan otlar. Information, advice, news, furniture, homework inglizchada sanalmaydi: ular -s olmaydi va a/an bilan kelmaydi. O‘zbekcha va ruscha “ma’lumotlar”, “maslahatlar” ko‘plikda bo‘lgani uchun informations xatosi juda ko‘p.

• Mashq: I need some ___ about the entrance test. (A) information (B) informations (C) an information (D) a informations

4. Artikllar. Daryo, dengiz, tog‘ tizmasi nomlari the oladi (the Chirchiq, the Aral Sea), shahar va ko‘pchilik davlat nomlari olmaydi (Tashkent, Uzbekistan). O‘zbek tilida artikl yo‘q, shuning uchun eng ko‘p xato — artiklni umuman tushirib qoldirish.

• Mashq: ___ Chirchiq River flows through Tashkent Region. (A) A (B) An (C) The (D) — (artiklsiz)

5. Sanoq va tartib sonlar. Qavat, sana va tartib uchun tartib son: first, second, third, fifth, twelfth, twentieth. Imlosi tuzoq: fifth (v emas f), ninth (e yo‘q), twelfth.

• Mashq: Our flat is on the ___ floor. (A) three (B) third (C) threeth (D) thirdth

1.2. Olmoshlar

6. Olmoshlar. Hujjat sakkiz turni sanaydi: kishilik (I, me), egalik (my, mine), o‘zlik (myself), birgalik (each other), ko‘rsatish (this, those), so‘roq (who, which), nisbiy (who, which, that) va gumon (some, any, nobody). Testda ko‘p uchraydigani o‘zlik olmoshi: ish egasining o‘ziga qaytsa, -self kerak.

• Mashq: Be careful with that knife, or you’ll cut ___. (A) you (B) your (C) yourself (D) yours

1.3. Sifat va ravish darajalari

7. Darajalar. Bir bo‘g‘inli sifat -er/-est oladi, uzunlari more/the most. Orttirma darajada the deyarli doim bor. Good – better – best, bad – worse – worst, far – further – furthest yodlanadi. Xato: more better, the most biggest.

• Mashq: This is ___ film I have ever seen. (A) the most interesting (B) more interesting (C) the interestingest (D) most interesting

1.4. Zamonlar va fe’l shakllari

8. Zamonlar. Hujjatda to‘rt guruhning (Simple, Continuous, Perfect, Perfect Continuous) hozirgi, o‘tgan va kelasi shakllari bor. Savolda doim vaqt belgisi bor: since, for, by the time, while, already. O‘zbekcha “soat ikkidan beri kutyapman” hozirgi zamonda aytiladi, inglizchada esa Present Perfect Continuous kerak.

• Mashq: I ___ for you since two o’clock! (A) wait (B) am waiting (C) have been waiting (D) waited

9. Majhul nisbat. Be + uchinchi shakl: is spoken, was built, will be sent. Harakatni kim bajargani muhim bo‘lmasa yoki ega narsa bo‘lsa, majhul kerak.

• Mashq: English ___ in many countries. (A) speaks (B) is spoken (C) is speaking (D) spoke

10. Infinitiv, gerund va sifatdoshlar. Ba’zi fe’llar ma’noni o‘zgartiradi: stop doing — qilishni to‘xtatish, stop to do — biror ishni qilish uchun to‘xtash. Enjoy, avoid, finish, mind dan keyin faqat -ing. Sifatdoshlar: boring (narsa), bored (odam).

• Mashq: I stopped ___ sweets last year, and I feel better now. (A) eat (B) to eat (C) eating (D) ate

1.5. Modal fe’llar

11. Modal fe’llar va ekvivalentlari. Eng ko‘p chalkashadigan juftlik: mustn’t — mumkin emas (taqiq), needn’t / don’t have to — shart emas. O‘zbekchada ikkalasi ham “kerak emas” deb tarjima qilinishi mumkin, shuning uchun ma’noni kontekstdan tekshiring.

• Mashq: You ___ bring your passport; your ID card is enough. (A) mustn’t (B) needn’t (C) can’t (D) shouldn’t

1.6. Predloglar va bog‘lovchilar

12. Predlog yoki bog‘lovchi. Although dan keyin to‘liq gap (ega + fe’l) keladi, despite / in spite of dan keyin esa ot yoki -ing. Predlogli birikmalar (depend on, interested in, afraid of) yodlanadi. Vaqt va joy predloglari in, on, at farqi sahifasida.

• Mashq: She passed the exam ___ she was ill. (A) despite (B) although (C) because of (D) in spite

1.7. Gap turlari

13. Ko‘chirma va o‘zlashtirma gap. Kirish fe’li o‘tgan zamonda bo‘lsa, zamon bir pog‘ona orqaga suriladi: went → had gone, will → would. Vaqt so‘zlari ham o‘zgaradi: last week → the week before, tomorrow → the next day.

• Mashq: He told me that he ___ to Bukhara the week before. (A) goes (B) has gone (C) had gone (D) will go

14. Shart gaplar. Hujjatda zero, 1- va 2-tur bor. 2-tur hozirgi xayoliy holat: if qismida Past Simple, asosiy qismda would. Xato: If I would have. If qismida will va would deyarli hech qachon ishlatilmaydi.

• Mashq: If I ___ more free time, I would learn Korean. (A) have (B) had (C) will have (D) would have

15. So‘roq gaplar. Umumiy (Do you...?), maxsus (Where do you...?) va tag savollar (..., isn’t it?). Tag savolda tasdiq gapdan keyin inkor, inkordan keyin tasdiq keladi. Istisnolar: I am → aren’t I?, Let’s → shall we?

• Mashq: Let’s go to the cinema, ___? (A) will we (B) shall we (C) don’t we (D) do we

3 ta aralash namunaviy savol

Real testda mavzular aralash keladi va bitta savol ikki qoidani birga tekshirishi mumkin.

• A. Hardly anyone came to the meeting, ___? (A) did they (B) didn’t they (C) came they (D) did he
• B. The report ___ by Friday, so we must hurry. (A) must finish (B) must be finished (C) must finishing (D) must to be finished
• C. I’d rather you ___ smoke in the car. (A) don’t (B) didn’t (C) won’t (D) not

Javoblar

Natija. 15–18 — grammatika bo‘limi tayyor, o‘qish va leksikaga ko‘proq vaqt bering. 10–14 — xato qilgan mavzularning qoida sahifasini oching va har biriga 20 ta mashq ishlang. 0–9 — grammatikani ketma-ket takrorlash kerak; qaysi tartibda boshlashni grammatikani nimadan boshlash sahifasi ko‘rsatadi.

Grammatika savolida adashtiradigan uch odat

• Variantlarni birinchi o‘qish. Avval gapni o‘qing va bo‘shliqqa nima kerakligini o‘zingiz ayting (ot? fe’l? zamon?), keyin variantlarga qarang.
• O‘zbekcha tarjimaga tayanish. Interested at, informations, I am agree — hammasi tarjimadan. B1–B2 darajadagi bunday tipik xatolar ro‘yxati 20 ta grammatika xatosi sahifasida.
• Bitta belgini ko‘rmaslik. Hardly, never, since, by the time, if kabi bitta so‘z butun javobni o‘zgartiradi. Ularni ko‘rganda qalam bilan belgilang.

Qoidani nutqda mustahkamlash: BandMate

Test grammatikani tanib olishni so‘raydi, lekin eng tez eslab qolish yo‘li — qoidani o‘z gapingizda aytish. BandMatedagi darslarda zamon va konstruksiyalarni takrorlab, Bandi bilan suhbatda ularni ishlatasiz. Ilova agentlik testini takrorlamaydi va uning bahosi test bali emas.

Manbalar

• UZBMB: Ingliz tili fanidan test varianti tafsiloti (PDF), 01.10.2026 da tekshirildi
• UZBMB: Qabul-2026 sahifasi, 01.10.2026 da tekshirildi

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